NURS225 NUTRITION PROCTORED EXAMS STUDY
BUNDLE 2026 – COMPLETE CONCEPT REVIEW &
PRACTICE MATERIALS (LATEST EDITION)
NURS225 Nutrition: Proctored Exam Study Questions (100 MCQs)
Section 1: Foundational Principles & Macronutrients (Questions 1-25)
1. The primary function of carbohydrates in the body is to:
a) Build and repair tissues
b) Provide the major source of energy
c) Regulate metabolic processes
d) Cushion vital organs
Answer: B - Carbohydrates are the body's preferred and most efficient source of energy,
particularly for the brain and central nervous system.
2. A patient is placed on a 1800-calorie diet with 20% of calories from protein. How many
grams of protein should the patient consume daily?
a) 70 grams
b) 80 grams
c) 90 grams
d) 100 grams
Answer: C - Calculation: 1800 calories x 0.20 = 360 calories from protein. Protein provides 4
calories/gram. = 90 grams.
3. Which of the following is a complete protein source?
a) Lentils
b) Almonds
c) Soybeans
d) Brown rice
Answer: C - Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids in sufficient amounts.
Animal products and soy are complete plant-based proteins.
4. A triglyceride is composed of:
a) Three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule
b) Three glycerols and one fatty acid
c) A chain of amino acids
,d) A polysaccharide chain
Answer: A - Triglycerides, the main form of fat in diet and body, consist of a glycerol backbone
with three attached fatty acids.
5. The nurse recognizes that the principal role of dietary fiber is to:
a) Lower blood glucose immediately after meals
b) Increase the absorption of minerals
c) Add bulk to stool and promote bowel regularity
d) Provide a source of quick energy
Answer: C - Insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool, promoting peristalsis and regular elimination.
Soluble fiber can help moderate blood glucose and cholesterol.
6. Which lipoprotein is often referred to as "good cholesterol" because it transports
cholesterol from tissues back to the liver for excretion?
a) Chylomicron
b) Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
c) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
d) High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Answer: D - HDL is considered protective against cardiovascular disease due to its reverse
cholesterol transport function.
7. Kwashiorkor is a form of protein-energy malnutrition primarily characterized by:
a) Severe muscle wasting and absence of subcutaneous fat
b) Edema, fatty liver, and skin lesions
c) Extreme obesity and hypertension
d) Iron-deficiency anemia and fatigue
Answer: B - Kwashiorkor is marked by edema and visceral protein loss, often with some fat
retention. Marasmus (choice A) is the wasting form of PEM.
8. In the context of energy balance, a negative energy balance results in:
a) Weight gain
b) Weight maintenance
c) Weight loss
d) Increased metabolic rate
Answer: C - Negative energy balance occurs when energy intake is less than energy expenditure,
leading to weight loss.
9. The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates for adults is:
a) 10-35% of total calories
b) 20-35% of total calories
,c) 45-65% of total calories
d) 50-70% of total calories
Answer: C - The AMDR for carbs is 45-65%, for protein 10-35%, and for fat 20-35%.
10. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin K
Answer: C - Vitamins C and the B-complex are water-soluble. Vitamins A, D, E, K are fat-soluble.
11. The main purpose of the "MyPlate" guide is to:
a) Provide a rigid, calorie-specific diet plan
b) Promote portion control and food group variety in a visual format
c) List specific brand-name foods to purchase
d) Advocate for a vegan diet
Answer: B - MyPlate is a visual tool emphasizing balanced proportions of fruits, vegetables,
grains, protein, and dairy.
12. A nurse is teaching a patient about food labels. The "% Daily Value" is based on a standard
diet of how many calories?
a) 1500 calories
b) 2000 calories
c) 2500 calories
d) It varies by individual
Answer: B - The %DV on a Nutrition Facts panel is based on a 2,000-calorie diet, which serves as
a general reference.
13. The body’s basal metabolic rate (BMR) is primarily influenced by:
a) Physical activity level
b) Lean body mass (muscle mass)
c) Daily carbohydrate intake
d) Environmental temperature
Answer: B - Lean muscle mass is the most significant determinant of BMR, as muscle is more
metabolically active than fat.
14. Which food combination provides complementary proteins?
a) Steak and potatoes
b) Rice and beans
c) Chicken and rice
, d) Cheese and crackers
Answer: B - Rice and beans combine to provide all essential amino acids (grains are low in lysine
but high in methionine, while legumes are the opposite).
15. The most significant risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes is:
a) High dietary sugar intake as a child
b) Obesity and physical inactivity
c) Family history of type 1 diabetes
d) Vitamin D deficiency
Answer: B - While genetics play a role, modifiable risk factors like obesity and sedentary lifestyle
are the most significant for type 2 diabetes.
16. The primary storage form of carbohydrates in animals (including humans) is:
a) Starch
b) Cellulose
c) Glycogen
d) Maltose
Answer: C - Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles. Starch (A) is the plant storage form.
17. Omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., from fatty fish) are considered beneficial for cardiovascular
health because they:
a) Raise LDL cholesterol levels
b) Decrease triglyceride levels and have anti-inflammatory effects
c) Increase blood viscosity
d) Are high in saturated fat
Answer: B - Omega-3s are known to reduce triglycerides, decrease inflammation, and may
lower the risk of arrhythmias.
18. Which organ is the primary site for alcohol metabolism?
a) Stomach
b) Kidneys
c) Liver
d) Pancreas
Answer: C - The liver is the primary site for alcohol metabolism via the enzymes alcohol
dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase.
19. Which of the following is an example of a mineral?
a) Vitamin B12
b) Folate
c) Iron
BUNDLE 2026 – COMPLETE CONCEPT REVIEW &
PRACTICE MATERIALS (LATEST EDITION)
NURS225 Nutrition: Proctored Exam Study Questions (100 MCQs)
Section 1: Foundational Principles & Macronutrients (Questions 1-25)
1. The primary function of carbohydrates in the body is to:
a) Build and repair tissues
b) Provide the major source of energy
c) Regulate metabolic processes
d) Cushion vital organs
Answer: B - Carbohydrates are the body's preferred and most efficient source of energy,
particularly for the brain and central nervous system.
2. A patient is placed on a 1800-calorie diet with 20% of calories from protein. How many
grams of protein should the patient consume daily?
a) 70 grams
b) 80 grams
c) 90 grams
d) 100 grams
Answer: C - Calculation: 1800 calories x 0.20 = 360 calories from protein. Protein provides 4
calories/gram. = 90 grams.
3. Which of the following is a complete protein source?
a) Lentils
b) Almonds
c) Soybeans
d) Brown rice
Answer: C - Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids in sufficient amounts.
Animal products and soy are complete plant-based proteins.
4. A triglyceride is composed of:
a) Three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule
b) Three glycerols and one fatty acid
c) A chain of amino acids
,d) A polysaccharide chain
Answer: A - Triglycerides, the main form of fat in diet and body, consist of a glycerol backbone
with three attached fatty acids.
5. The nurse recognizes that the principal role of dietary fiber is to:
a) Lower blood glucose immediately after meals
b) Increase the absorption of minerals
c) Add bulk to stool and promote bowel regularity
d) Provide a source of quick energy
Answer: C - Insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool, promoting peristalsis and regular elimination.
Soluble fiber can help moderate blood glucose and cholesterol.
6. Which lipoprotein is often referred to as "good cholesterol" because it transports
cholesterol from tissues back to the liver for excretion?
a) Chylomicron
b) Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
c) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
d) High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Answer: D - HDL is considered protective against cardiovascular disease due to its reverse
cholesterol transport function.
7. Kwashiorkor is a form of protein-energy malnutrition primarily characterized by:
a) Severe muscle wasting and absence of subcutaneous fat
b) Edema, fatty liver, and skin lesions
c) Extreme obesity and hypertension
d) Iron-deficiency anemia and fatigue
Answer: B - Kwashiorkor is marked by edema and visceral protein loss, often with some fat
retention. Marasmus (choice A) is the wasting form of PEM.
8. In the context of energy balance, a negative energy balance results in:
a) Weight gain
b) Weight maintenance
c) Weight loss
d) Increased metabolic rate
Answer: C - Negative energy balance occurs when energy intake is less than energy expenditure,
leading to weight loss.
9. The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates for adults is:
a) 10-35% of total calories
b) 20-35% of total calories
,c) 45-65% of total calories
d) 50-70% of total calories
Answer: C - The AMDR for carbs is 45-65%, for protein 10-35%, and for fat 20-35%.
10. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin K
Answer: C - Vitamins C and the B-complex are water-soluble. Vitamins A, D, E, K are fat-soluble.
11. The main purpose of the "MyPlate" guide is to:
a) Provide a rigid, calorie-specific diet plan
b) Promote portion control and food group variety in a visual format
c) List specific brand-name foods to purchase
d) Advocate for a vegan diet
Answer: B - MyPlate is a visual tool emphasizing balanced proportions of fruits, vegetables,
grains, protein, and dairy.
12. A nurse is teaching a patient about food labels. The "% Daily Value" is based on a standard
diet of how many calories?
a) 1500 calories
b) 2000 calories
c) 2500 calories
d) It varies by individual
Answer: B - The %DV on a Nutrition Facts panel is based on a 2,000-calorie diet, which serves as
a general reference.
13. The body’s basal metabolic rate (BMR) is primarily influenced by:
a) Physical activity level
b) Lean body mass (muscle mass)
c) Daily carbohydrate intake
d) Environmental temperature
Answer: B - Lean muscle mass is the most significant determinant of BMR, as muscle is more
metabolically active than fat.
14. Which food combination provides complementary proteins?
a) Steak and potatoes
b) Rice and beans
c) Chicken and rice
, d) Cheese and crackers
Answer: B - Rice and beans combine to provide all essential amino acids (grains are low in lysine
but high in methionine, while legumes are the opposite).
15. The most significant risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes is:
a) High dietary sugar intake as a child
b) Obesity and physical inactivity
c) Family history of type 1 diabetes
d) Vitamin D deficiency
Answer: B - While genetics play a role, modifiable risk factors like obesity and sedentary lifestyle
are the most significant for type 2 diabetes.
16. The primary storage form of carbohydrates in animals (including humans) is:
a) Starch
b) Cellulose
c) Glycogen
d) Maltose
Answer: C - Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles. Starch (A) is the plant storage form.
17. Omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., from fatty fish) are considered beneficial for cardiovascular
health because they:
a) Raise LDL cholesterol levels
b) Decrease triglyceride levels and have anti-inflammatory effects
c) Increase blood viscosity
d) Are high in saturated fat
Answer: B - Omega-3s are known to reduce triglycerides, decrease inflammation, and may
lower the risk of arrhythmias.
18. Which organ is the primary site for alcohol metabolism?
a) Stomach
b) Kidneys
c) Liver
d) Pancreas
Answer: C - The liver is the primary site for alcohol metabolism via the enzymes alcohol
dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase.
19. Which of the following is an example of a mineral?
a) Vitamin B12
b) Folate
c) Iron
