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- abrupt decrease in FHR, may or may not be related to contractions
- due to issues with chord: nuchal cord around neck (reposition mom),
oligohydramnios (give IV fluids)
conception and fertilization require
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favorable pH and cervical mucus
,breasts changes during pregnancy
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- changes soon after conception, increase in size and areolar pigmentation
- tubercles of montgomery enlarge and become more prominent & nipples
become more erect
- blood vessels also become more prominent and blood flow to breast
doubles
amniotic fluid
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- surrounds embryo and increases in volume as pregnancy progresses
- reaches about 1 L at term
- derived from fluid transported from maternal blood across the amnion
(98% water, 2% organic matter)
amniocentesis
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- after 14 wks
- guided by ultrasound
- determines NTD, chromosomal abnormalities, later - lung maturity -
needs Rhogam
,nutritional requirements: vitamin A
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770 mcg
vagina changes during pregnancy
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- increased vascularity results in pelvic congestion and hypertrophy
- increased thickness of mucosa and vaginal secretions, also help prevent
bacterial infections
diagnostic (positive) signs of pregnancy
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- changes that cannot be attributed to anything except pregnancy
- fetal movement, ultrasound, fetal heart tones
nutritional requirements: protein
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, 80g
umbilical cord arteries
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carry deoxygenated blood away from fetus to the placenta
prenatal visits: conception to 28 wks
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- every 4 wks
- assess BP and weight
- test urine for proteins/glucose
- screening for gestational diabetes
- fundal height and fetal HR
fetal heart monitoring: category 1
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- baseline: 110-160
- moderate variability
- accelerations
- no late decels