Test 1 Anatomy & Physiology -
Chapters 1-4 Questions with Verified
Answers
Anatomy defintion - ANSWERSstudies the structure of body parts and their
relationships to one another
Physiology definition - ANSWERSconcerns the function of the body, how the body parts
work and carry out their life sustaining activities
positive feedback mechanism - ANSWERSresult or response enhances the original
stimulus so that the response is accelerated. moves in the same direction as the initial
change.
usually control infrequent events that do not require continuous adjustments. +feedback
mechanisms are often referred to as cascades.
examples: blood clotting, birth
negative feedback mechanism - ANSWERScauses the variable to change in the
opposite direction to that of the initial change, returning it to its "ideal" value
the endocrine system is important in maintaining homeostasis. a good example of a
hormonal negative feedback mechanism is the control of blood sugar by insulin. As
blood sugar rises, receptors sense the change and the pancreas (control center)
secretes insulin into the blood
goal of neg. feedback system: prevent severe changes within the body
examples: heart rate, blood pressure, rate and depth of breathing, blood levels of
Oxygen, carbon dioxide and minerals
regional terms - ANSWERSmust know: refer to other quizlet: Regional Terms Anatomy
anatomical positon - ANSWERSbody is erect with feet slightly apart, films face forward
and thumbs point away
directional terms - ANSWERShelp us explain where one body part is in relation to
another
ex: eyes are medial to the ears
head is superior to the abdomen
, axial - ANSWERShead neck and trunk
appendicular - ANSWERSall limbs
sagittal plane - ANSWERSdivides body into right or left parts
frontal plane - ANSWERSdivides the anterior from the posterior
transverse - ANSWERSdivides the superior from the inferior
dorsal body cavity - ANSWERScontains cranial & vertebral cavities
protects the fragile nervous system
what does the cranial, vertebral cavity contain - ANSWERSbrain, spinal cord
ventral body cavity - ANSWERScontains the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity -
divided by the diaphragm
houses internal organs called the visceral organs
thoracic cavity - ANSWERScontains heart and lungs; the pleural cavity envelops a lung
and the pericardial cavity encloses the heart (and also surrounds the remaining thoracic
organs: esophagus, trachea, etc)
abdominopelvic - ANSWERScontains the abdominal and pelvic cavity
abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver etc
pelvic cavity contains the urinary bladder, some reproductive organs and the rectum
walls of the ventral body cavity are covered by ________
the part of the membrane lining the walls is _________` - ANSWERSthin, double
layered membrane called the serous membrane
parietal serosa
what are the serous membranes separated by - ANSWERSthin layer of lubricating fluid
called serous fluid -allows the organs to slide without friction
membranes and where they are associated - ANSWERSparietal/visceral pericardium -
heart
parietal/visceral pleurae - lungs
parietal peritoneum - abdominopelvic cavity
oral and digestive cavities - ANSWERSmouth: teeth and tongue
part of the cavity with the digestive organs
Chapters 1-4 Questions with Verified
Answers
Anatomy defintion - ANSWERSstudies the structure of body parts and their
relationships to one another
Physiology definition - ANSWERSconcerns the function of the body, how the body parts
work and carry out their life sustaining activities
positive feedback mechanism - ANSWERSresult or response enhances the original
stimulus so that the response is accelerated. moves in the same direction as the initial
change.
usually control infrequent events that do not require continuous adjustments. +feedback
mechanisms are often referred to as cascades.
examples: blood clotting, birth
negative feedback mechanism - ANSWERScauses the variable to change in the
opposite direction to that of the initial change, returning it to its "ideal" value
the endocrine system is important in maintaining homeostasis. a good example of a
hormonal negative feedback mechanism is the control of blood sugar by insulin. As
blood sugar rises, receptors sense the change and the pancreas (control center)
secretes insulin into the blood
goal of neg. feedback system: prevent severe changes within the body
examples: heart rate, blood pressure, rate and depth of breathing, blood levels of
Oxygen, carbon dioxide and minerals
regional terms - ANSWERSmust know: refer to other quizlet: Regional Terms Anatomy
anatomical positon - ANSWERSbody is erect with feet slightly apart, films face forward
and thumbs point away
directional terms - ANSWERShelp us explain where one body part is in relation to
another
ex: eyes are medial to the ears
head is superior to the abdomen
, axial - ANSWERShead neck and trunk
appendicular - ANSWERSall limbs
sagittal plane - ANSWERSdivides body into right or left parts
frontal plane - ANSWERSdivides the anterior from the posterior
transverse - ANSWERSdivides the superior from the inferior
dorsal body cavity - ANSWERScontains cranial & vertebral cavities
protects the fragile nervous system
what does the cranial, vertebral cavity contain - ANSWERSbrain, spinal cord
ventral body cavity - ANSWERScontains the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity -
divided by the diaphragm
houses internal organs called the visceral organs
thoracic cavity - ANSWERScontains heart and lungs; the pleural cavity envelops a lung
and the pericardial cavity encloses the heart (and also surrounds the remaining thoracic
organs: esophagus, trachea, etc)
abdominopelvic - ANSWERScontains the abdominal and pelvic cavity
abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver etc
pelvic cavity contains the urinary bladder, some reproductive organs and the rectum
walls of the ventral body cavity are covered by ________
the part of the membrane lining the walls is _________` - ANSWERSthin, double
layered membrane called the serous membrane
parietal serosa
what are the serous membranes separated by - ANSWERSthin layer of lubricating fluid
called serous fluid -allows the organs to slide without friction
membranes and where they are associated - ANSWERSparietal/visceral pericardium -
heart
parietal/visceral pleurae - lungs
parietal peritoneum - abdominopelvic cavity
oral and digestive cavities - ANSWERSmouth: teeth and tongue
part of the cavity with the digestive organs
