CONTENT
1. Title. —---------------------------------------- 02
2. Abstract —--------------------------------------- 02
3. Introduction —---------------------------------------- 02 - 03
4. Materials and Method —-------------------------- 03- 06
5. Results and discussion —-------------------------- 06-07
6 Conclusion and recommendation —----------- 07- 09
7. Reference —---------------------------------------- 10
1
, 1.Title
Effect of Salinity Stress on Growth and Physiological Responses of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
2. Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the major abiotic factors limiting crop growth and productivity
throughout the world. Soybean (Glycine max L.), an important leguminous crop, is moderately
sensitive to saline conditions. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of
different salinity levels on the growth and physiological characteristics of soybean plants.
Different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) were applied to create salinity stress. The
results showed that increasing salinity significantly reduced plant height, leaf number, biomass
production, chlorophyll content, and relative water content. High salinity caused osmotic stress
and ion toxicity, which disrupted normal physiological activities of the plant. The study
concludes that salinity stress adversely affects soybean growth and physiology, indicating the
need for proper management practices and development of salt-tolerant soybean varieties.
3. Introduction
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important oilseed and leguminous crop widely cultivated for its
high protein and oil content. It also plays a vital role in improving soil fertility through biological
nitrogen fixation. However, soybean productivity is greatly influenced by various environmental
stresses, among which salinity is a serious problem.
Soil salinity is increasing rapidly due to sea level rise, improper irrigation practices, excessive
use of chemical fertilizers, and climate change. Salinity stress affects plants by causing osmotic
stress, ion toxicity, and nutrient imbalance. Excess accumulation of sodium (Na⁺) and chloride
2
1. Title. —---------------------------------------- 02
2. Abstract —--------------------------------------- 02
3. Introduction —---------------------------------------- 02 - 03
4. Materials and Method —-------------------------- 03- 06
5. Results and discussion —-------------------------- 06-07
6 Conclusion and recommendation —----------- 07- 09
7. Reference —---------------------------------------- 10
1
, 1.Title
Effect of Salinity Stress on Growth and Physiological Responses of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
2. Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the major abiotic factors limiting crop growth and productivity
throughout the world. Soybean (Glycine max L.), an important leguminous crop, is moderately
sensitive to saline conditions. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of
different salinity levels on the growth and physiological characteristics of soybean plants.
Different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) were applied to create salinity stress. The
results showed that increasing salinity significantly reduced plant height, leaf number, biomass
production, chlorophyll content, and relative water content. High salinity caused osmotic stress
and ion toxicity, which disrupted normal physiological activities of the plant. The study
concludes that salinity stress adversely affects soybean growth and physiology, indicating the
need for proper management practices and development of salt-tolerant soybean varieties.
3. Introduction
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important oilseed and leguminous crop widely cultivated for its
high protein and oil content. It also plays a vital role in improving soil fertility through biological
nitrogen fixation. However, soybean productivity is greatly influenced by various environmental
stresses, among which salinity is a serious problem.
Soil salinity is increasing rapidly due to sea level rise, improper irrigation practices, excessive
use of chemical fertilizers, and climate change. Salinity stress affects plants by causing osmotic
stress, ion toxicity, and nutrient imbalance. Excess accumulation of sodium (Na⁺) and chloride
2
