CHEM 1005 UPDATED 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Which of the following best describes the mechanism in which cholesterol is
eliminated? - ✔✔Cholesterol is used to stimulate secondary bile acids that are
eliminated in the feces
✔✔Cushing syndrome is caused by an increase in the synthesis of cortisol in the
adrenal gland. Which of the following compounds is directly required as a substrate for
the synthesis of this hormone? - ✔✔Cholesterol
✔✔The cellular uptake of LDL increases intracellular cholesterol levels. This has which
of the following impacts of de novo cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔Increases degradation of
HMG-CoA
✔✔A 45 year old man has a mild heart attack and a history of vascular disease. He is
placed on a Mediterranean diet and statin drug therapy. Which of the following would be
the most likely result of this drug therapy? - ✔✔Low blood LDLs
✔✔What is the purpose of cholesterol esterification within the cell? (The conversion of
cholesterol to cholesterol ester) - ✔✔This modification makes cholesterol more soluble
in the plasma membrane
✔✔Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of statins and
describes why the drug is an effective therapy for individuals with hypercholesteremia? -
✔✔Inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase, a key regulator of
cholesterol synthesis
✔✔The LDL receptor is also highly regulated in the cell. Which of the following proteins
targets the LDL receptor for degradation? - ✔✔Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin
type 9 (PSK9)
✔✔A 10-year-old female presents with chest pain and xanthomas over her elbows and
knees. Her father died of a heart attack at age 35. Her mother has high cholesterol. Her
physician suspects heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in the parents with
homozygous disease in the daughter. This disease results from mutations in the
receptor for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or the ligand portion of its apoprotein coat.
Which of the following apoproteins might be mutated? - ✔✔B100
✔✔NADPH is essential for fatty acid synthesis and can be generated by which two
enzymes? (+ indicates NADPH can be produced by the enzyme; - indicates the enzyme
does not produce NAPDH)
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase Malic enzyme Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
1++-
, 2+--
3---
4 - + + - ✔✔1 + + -
✔✔A defect in the thioesterase subunit of fatty acid synthase would impair which of the
following activities of the enzyme complex? - ✔✔Liberation of newly assembled
palmitate from the enzyme
✔✔An increase in the ratio of insulin to glucagon leads to which of the following
metabolic shifts? - ✔✔Acetyl-CoA carboxylase will become dephosphorylated and
active
✔✔In the case of a deficiency of biotin, which of the following enzymes required for fatty
acid metabolism will be impaired? - ✔✔Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
✔✔A 45-year-old man is found to have an elevated serum triglycerides of > 730mg/dL.
He tells you he forgot to fast before his visit and he ate a full breakfast of bacon and
eggs before the labs were drawn. Which of the following lipoproteins would be the
largest contributors to a measurement of plasma triglycerides in this situation? -
✔✔Chylomicrons and VLDLs
✔✔Which of the following is not required for the transport of newly synthesized fatty
acids to the adipose? - ✔✔Carnitine to shuttle the fatty acids out of the mitochondria
✔✔Nascent chylomicrons are synthesized in which of the following organs? -
✔✔Intestine
✔✔Which lipoprotein is responsible for the process of reverse cholesterol transport (the
movement of cholesterol from the peripheral tissues back to the liver)? - ✔✔HDL
✔✔The process of ketogenesis refers to the conversion of acetyl-CoA to which of the
following compounds? - ✔✔D-3-hydroxybutyrate or β-hydroxybutyrate
✔✔In the liver, which of the following key inhibitory events ensures that newly
synthesized palmitoyl-CoA is not immediately oxidized? - ✔✔Inhibition of carnitine-
palmitoyl transferase-I (CPT-I) by malonyl-CoA
✔✔Several amino acids are intermediates of the urea cycle, having side ammonia
groups that join with free carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia to produce net excretion
of ammonia as urea. Which of the following amino acids has a nitrogen in its side chain
and is an intermediate of the urea cycle? - ✔✔Arginine
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Which of the following best describes the mechanism in which cholesterol is
eliminated? - ✔✔Cholesterol is used to stimulate secondary bile acids that are
eliminated in the feces
✔✔Cushing syndrome is caused by an increase in the synthesis of cortisol in the
adrenal gland. Which of the following compounds is directly required as a substrate for
the synthesis of this hormone? - ✔✔Cholesterol
✔✔The cellular uptake of LDL increases intracellular cholesterol levels. This has which
of the following impacts of de novo cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔Increases degradation of
HMG-CoA
✔✔A 45 year old man has a mild heart attack and a history of vascular disease. He is
placed on a Mediterranean diet and statin drug therapy. Which of the following would be
the most likely result of this drug therapy? - ✔✔Low blood LDLs
✔✔What is the purpose of cholesterol esterification within the cell? (The conversion of
cholesterol to cholesterol ester) - ✔✔This modification makes cholesterol more soluble
in the plasma membrane
✔✔Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of statins and
describes why the drug is an effective therapy for individuals with hypercholesteremia? -
✔✔Inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase, a key regulator of
cholesterol synthesis
✔✔The LDL receptor is also highly regulated in the cell. Which of the following proteins
targets the LDL receptor for degradation? - ✔✔Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin
type 9 (PSK9)
✔✔A 10-year-old female presents with chest pain and xanthomas over her elbows and
knees. Her father died of a heart attack at age 35. Her mother has high cholesterol. Her
physician suspects heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in the parents with
homozygous disease in the daughter. This disease results from mutations in the
receptor for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or the ligand portion of its apoprotein coat.
Which of the following apoproteins might be mutated? - ✔✔B100
✔✔NADPH is essential for fatty acid synthesis and can be generated by which two
enzymes? (+ indicates NADPH can be produced by the enzyme; - indicates the enzyme
does not produce NAPDH)
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase Malic enzyme Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
1++-
, 2+--
3---
4 - + + - ✔✔1 + + -
✔✔A defect in the thioesterase subunit of fatty acid synthase would impair which of the
following activities of the enzyme complex? - ✔✔Liberation of newly assembled
palmitate from the enzyme
✔✔An increase in the ratio of insulin to glucagon leads to which of the following
metabolic shifts? - ✔✔Acetyl-CoA carboxylase will become dephosphorylated and
active
✔✔In the case of a deficiency of biotin, which of the following enzymes required for fatty
acid metabolism will be impaired? - ✔✔Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
✔✔A 45-year-old man is found to have an elevated serum triglycerides of > 730mg/dL.
He tells you he forgot to fast before his visit and he ate a full breakfast of bacon and
eggs before the labs were drawn. Which of the following lipoproteins would be the
largest contributors to a measurement of plasma triglycerides in this situation? -
✔✔Chylomicrons and VLDLs
✔✔Which of the following is not required for the transport of newly synthesized fatty
acids to the adipose? - ✔✔Carnitine to shuttle the fatty acids out of the mitochondria
✔✔Nascent chylomicrons are synthesized in which of the following organs? -
✔✔Intestine
✔✔Which lipoprotein is responsible for the process of reverse cholesterol transport (the
movement of cholesterol from the peripheral tissues back to the liver)? - ✔✔HDL
✔✔The process of ketogenesis refers to the conversion of acetyl-CoA to which of the
following compounds? - ✔✔D-3-hydroxybutyrate or β-hydroxybutyrate
✔✔In the liver, which of the following key inhibitory events ensures that newly
synthesized palmitoyl-CoA is not immediately oxidized? - ✔✔Inhibition of carnitine-
palmitoyl transferase-I (CPT-I) by malonyl-CoA
✔✔Several amino acids are intermediates of the urea cycle, having side ammonia
groups that join with free carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia to produce net excretion
of ammonia as urea. Which of the following amino acids has a nitrogen in its side chain
and is an intermediate of the urea cycle? - ✔✔Arginine
