CHEM 1005 UPDATED 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Which of the following is the regulated step of lipogenesis in eukaryotes? -
✔✔Carboxylation of acetyl-CoA
✔✔Under conditions where glucose oxidation is elevated, the acetyl-CoA produced will
allosterically activate which of the following enzymes leading to an increase in the
production of oxaloacetate? - ✔✔Pyruvate carboxylase
✔✔What is the regulatory enzyme for fatty acid synthesis? - ✔✔Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
✔✔Fatty acid synthase is a multimeric enzyme complex. Which of the following subunits
contains pantothenic acid as a cofactor? - ✔✔Acyl-carrier protein (ACP)
✔✔A 12-year-old male is brought to his primary care physician. His parents are
concerned with his recent decline in school work due to persistent blurred vision. On
physical exam, planar xanthomas are noted and laboratory testing reveals extremely
low plasma HDL. This presentation will be consistent with the loss of of which of the
following apoproteins? - ✔✔ApoA
✔✔A 5-year old presents to her primary care physician. Her mother is concerned due to
persistent diarrhea which is worse when eating fatty foods. The child also has some
clinical signs of a deficiency in vitamins A, D, E and K (fat soluble vitamins). Based on
this information the child likely has a deficiency in the ability to synthesis which of the
following lipoproteins? - ✔✔Chylomicrons
✔✔VLDL particles have which of the following combinations of apoprotiens in their
mature form? - ✔✔ApoB100, ApoCII, ApoE
✔✔A 16-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for a follow up visit. At
her initial visit, 3 months ago, her serum cholesterol was 255 mg/dL (above normal).
Today her serum triglycerides are reported to be 260 mg/dL (above normal). She finds
this very disappointing as she started a strict dietary regime reducing all fats and
cholesterol, replacing them with a high carbohydrate diet. You tell her that high
carbohydrate diets can increase serum triglyceride levels in some individuals. This can
be attributed to an increase in the synthesis of which of the following lipoproteins? -
✔✔VLDL
✔✔The interaction of chylomicrons with lipoprotein lipase is stimulated by which of the
following Apo proteins? - ✔✔ApoC II
✔✔What is the primary lipid component of a VLDL particle? - ✔✔Triacylglycerols
, ✔✔In the reaction catalyzed by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), the VLDL
particle receives which of the following compounds from HDL particles? -
✔✔Cholesteryl-ester
✔✔Which of the following proteins is responsible for the transfer of ApoB48 to nascent
chylomicrons before secretion into circulation? - ✔✔Microsomal transfer protein (MTP)
✔✔A deficiency in the LDL receptor will result in an initial decrease in which of the
following? - ✔✔Intracellular cholesterol
✔✔Under cellular conditions when cholesterol is low, which of the following is a true
statement regarding the sterol response element binding protein? - ✔✔It will be
associated with the sterol response element (SRE) in the DNA
✔✔Which of the following compounds is not synthesized from cholesterol? -
✔✔Guanine
✔✔Secondary bile salts lack a hydroxyl group when compared to primary bile salts.
What is the consequence of the loss of the OH group? - ✔✔Secondary bile salts are
less soluble
✔✔Under fasted conditions (glucagon is elevated) which of the following enzymes will
be phosphorylated and inactive? - ✔✔HMG-CoA reductase
✔✔A 47-year-old male is prescribed a statin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor) to manage
his elevated LDL cholesterol. What is the initial mechanism of action for obtaining the
desired effect in this man? - ✔✔Decreasing hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis
✔✔Which of the following best describes the mechanism in which cholesterol is
eliminated? - ✔✔Cholesterol is used to stimulate secondary bile acids that are
eliminated in the feces
✔✔Cushing syndrome is caused by an increase in the synthesis of cortisol in the
adrenal gland. Which of the following compounds is directly required as a substrate for
the synthesis of this hormone? - ✔✔Cholesterol
✔✔The cellular uptake of LDL increases intracellular cholesterol levels. This has which
of the following impacts of de novo cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔Increases degradation of
HMG-CoA
✔✔A 45 year old man has a mild heart attack and a history of vascular disease. He is
placed on a Mediterranean diet and statin drug therapy. Which of the following would be
the most likely result of this drug therapy? - ✔✔Low blood LDLs
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Which of the following is the regulated step of lipogenesis in eukaryotes? -
✔✔Carboxylation of acetyl-CoA
✔✔Under conditions where glucose oxidation is elevated, the acetyl-CoA produced will
allosterically activate which of the following enzymes leading to an increase in the
production of oxaloacetate? - ✔✔Pyruvate carboxylase
✔✔What is the regulatory enzyme for fatty acid synthesis? - ✔✔Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
✔✔Fatty acid synthase is a multimeric enzyme complex. Which of the following subunits
contains pantothenic acid as a cofactor? - ✔✔Acyl-carrier protein (ACP)
✔✔A 12-year-old male is brought to his primary care physician. His parents are
concerned with his recent decline in school work due to persistent blurred vision. On
physical exam, planar xanthomas are noted and laboratory testing reveals extremely
low plasma HDL. This presentation will be consistent with the loss of of which of the
following apoproteins? - ✔✔ApoA
✔✔A 5-year old presents to her primary care physician. Her mother is concerned due to
persistent diarrhea which is worse when eating fatty foods. The child also has some
clinical signs of a deficiency in vitamins A, D, E and K (fat soluble vitamins). Based on
this information the child likely has a deficiency in the ability to synthesis which of the
following lipoproteins? - ✔✔Chylomicrons
✔✔VLDL particles have which of the following combinations of apoprotiens in their
mature form? - ✔✔ApoB100, ApoCII, ApoE
✔✔A 16-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for a follow up visit. At
her initial visit, 3 months ago, her serum cholesterol was 255 mg/dL (above normal).
Today her serum triglycerides are reported to be 260 mg/dL (above normal). She finds
this very disappointing as she started a strict dietary regime reducing all fats and
cholesterol, replacing them with a high carbohydrate diet. You tell her that high
carbohydrate diets can increase serum triglyceride levels in some individuals. This can
be attributed to an increase in the synthesis of which of the following lipoproteins? -
✔✔VLDL
✔✔The interaction of chylomicrons with lipoprotein lipase is stimulated by which of the
following Apo proteins? - ✔✔ApoC II
✔✔What is the primary lipid component of a VLDL particle? - ✔✔Triacylglycerols
, ✔✔In the reaction catalyzed by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), the VLDL
particle receives which of the following compounds from HDL particles? -
✔✔Cholesteryl-ester
✔✔Which of the following proteins is responsible for the transfer of ApoB48 to nascent
chylomicrons before secretion into circulation? - ✔✔Microsomal transfer protein (MTP)
✔✔A deficiency in the LDL receptor will result in an initial decrease in which of the
following? - ✔✔Intracellular cholesterol
✔✔Under cellular conditions when cholesterol is low, which of the following is a true
statement regarding the sterol response element binding protein? - ✔✔It will be
associated with the sterol response element (SRE) in the DNA
✔✔Which of the following compounds is not synthesized from cholesterol? -
✔✔Guanine
✔✔Secondary bile salts lack a hydroxyl group when compared to primary bile salts.
What is the consequence of the loss of the OH group? - ✔✔Secondary bile salts are
less soluble
✔✔Under fasted conditions (glucagon is elevated) which of the following enzymes will
be phosphorylated and inactive? - ✔✔HMG-CoA reductase
✔✔A 47-year-old male is prescribed a statin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor) to manage
his elevated LDL cholesterol. What is the initial mechanism of action for obtaining the
desired effect in this man? - ✔✔Decreasing hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis
✔✔Which of the following best describes the mechanism in which cholesterol is
eliminated? - ✔✔Cholesterol is used to stimulate secondary bile acids that are
eliminated in the feces
✔✔Cushing syndrome is caused by an increase in the synthesis of cortisol in the
adrenal gland. Which of the following compounds is directly required as a substrate for
the synthesis of this hormone? - ✔✔Cholesterol
✔✔The cellular uptake of LDL increases intracellular cholesterol levels. This has which
of the following impacts of de novo cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔Increases degradation of
HMG-CoA
✔✔A 45 year old man has a mild heart attack and a history of vascular disease. He is
placed on a Mediterranean diet and statin drug therapy. Which of the following would be
the most likely result of this drug therapy? - ✔✔Low blood LDLs
