CHEM 1005 FINAL EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔A 45 year old man is found to have elevated serum triglycerides of > 730mg/dL. He
tells you he fasted for 24 hours before his visit and only had water to drink. Which of the
following lipoproteins would be the largest contributors to a measurement of
triglycerides in this situation? - ✔✔VLDLs
✔✔which of the following is the regulatory enzyme in cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔HMG-
CoA reductase
✔✔a patient's triglyceride levels are within normal limits, but their cholesterol is 350
mg/dL (normal 200 mg/dL). The physician prescribes medication for this patient, which
he states inhibits the enzyme HMG CoA reductase. The drug that was prescribed
lowers circulating levels of cholesterol by - ✔✔decreasing hepatic cholesterol
biosynthesis
✔✔cholesterol is a substrate for the synthesis of all of the following compounds except:
- ✔✔thyroid hormone
✔✔dietary cholesterol is primarily transported in the body by which of the following
lipoproteins? - ✔✔chylomicron
✔✔a deficiency in the LDL receptor will result in an initial decrease in which of the
following? - ✔✔intracellular cholesterol
✔✔cholesterol stimulates the activity of which of the following proteins required for bile
acid synthesis - ✔✔7 a-hydroxylase
✔✔several familial disorders are characteristics of defects in the LDL-receptor that
inhibit cellular uptake of LDLS and reduce intracellular cholesterol. In these patients, all
of the following are true except: - ✔✔HMG CoA reductase is phosphorylated
✔✔secondary bile salts are generated by bacterial modification of primary bile salts in
the intestinal lumen. These modifications will have which of the following impacts on bile
salt solubility? - ✔✔decrease solubility
✔✔in the reaction catalyzed by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), the VLDL
particle receives which of the following compounds from HDL particles? - ✔✔cholesteryl
ester
✔✔which of the following compounds is the full complement of apoproteins on a mature
HDL? - ✔✔Apo A; Apo CII; Apo E
, ✔✔Shortly after a high-fat meal, you would expect an elevation of which of the following
lipoproteins in circulation? - ✔✔chylomicrons
✔✔under fasting conditions (ratio of insulin to glucagon < 1), elevated glucagon will
activate which of the following enzymes? - ✔✔hormone-sensitive lipase
✔✔which of the following is not a product of beta-oxidation? - ✔✔NADPH
✔✔A 55 year old male is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and his current presentation is
consistent which a lack of insulin production. Serum levels of free fatty acids were
elevated in this individual primarily due to increased activity in which of the following
enzymes? - ✔✔hormone sensitive lipase
✔✔under conditions when glucose oxidation is elevated, the acetyl CoA produced will
allosterically activate which of the following enzymes leading to an increase in the
production of oxaloacetate? - ✔✔pyruvate carboxylase
✔✔a 3 year old male is brought to the emergency department with hypoglycemia
following a brief seizure. His parents put him to bed the night before and he had not
eaten much dinner. His urine tested positive for dicarboxylic acids, serum-free fatty
acids are elevated and there were no detectable ketones in his blood or urine. In this
individual. at the same time of presentation his ratio of insulin to glucagon is - ✔✔< 1
✔✔Under fasting conditions (ratio of insulin to glucagon < 1), elevated glucagon will
activate which of the following enzymes? - ✔✔hormone sensitive lipase
✔✔which of the following enzymes is correctly paired with its allosteric inhibitor? -
✔✔acetyl CoA carboxylase; palmitoyl CoA
✔✔following a meal, the ratio of insulin to glucagon will be > 1. Which of the following
compounds will be elevated to inhibit carnitine palmitoyltransferase I? - ✔✔malonyl-CoA
✔✔under conditions when glucose oxidation is elevated, the acetyl-CoA produced will
allosterically activate which of the following enzymes leading to an increase in the
production of oxaloacetate? - ✔✔pyruvate carboxylase
✔✔malate can be converted to pyruvate in the cytosol. which of the following
compounds is directly generated in this conversion and is essential for fatty acid
synthesis? - ✔✔NADPH
✔✔which of the following is the regulatory enzyme for fatty acid synthesis? - ✔✔acetyl-
CoA carboxylase
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔A 45 year old man is found to have elevated serum triglycerides of > 730mg/dL. He
tells you he fasted for 24 hours before his visit and only had water to drink. Which of the
following lipoproteins would be the largest contributors to a measurement of
triglycerides in this situation? - ✔✔VLDLs
✔✔which of the following is the regulatory enzyme in cholesterol synthesis? - ✔✔HMG-
CoA reductase
✔✔a patient's triglyceride levels are within normal limits, but their cholesterol is 350
mg/dL (normal 200 mg/dL). The physician prescribes medication for this patient, which
he states inhibits the enzyme HMG CoA reductase. The drug that was prescribed
lowers circulating levels of cholesterol by - ✔✔decreasing hepatic cholesterol
biosynthesis
✔✔cholesterol is a substrate for the synthesis of all of the following compounds except:
- ✔✔thyroid hormone
✔✔dietary cholesterol is primarily transported in the body by which of the following
lipoproteins? - ✔✔chylomicron
✔✔a deficiency in the LDL receptor will result in an initial decrease in which of the
following? - ✔✔intracellular cholesterol
✔✔cholesterol stimulates the activity of which of the following proteins required for bile
acid synthesis - ✔✔7 a-hydroxylase
✔✔several familial disorders are characteristics of defects in the LDL-receptor that
inhibit cellular uptake of LDLS and reduce intracellular cholesterol. In these patients, all
of the following are true except: - ✔✔HMG CoA reductase is phosphorylated
✔✔secondary bile salts are generated by bacterial modification of primary bile salts in
the intestinal lumen. These modifications will have which of the following impacts on bile
salt solubility? - ✔✔decrease solubility
✔✔in the reaction catalyzed by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), the VLDL
particle receives which of the following compounds from HDL particles? - ✔✔cholesteryl
ester
✔✔which of the following compounds is the full complement of apoproteins on a mature
HDL? - ✔✔Apo A; Apo CII; Apo E
, ✔✔Shortly after a high-fat meal, you would expect an elevation of which of the following
lipoproteins in circulation? - ✔✔chylomicrons
✔✔under fasting conditions (ratio of insulin to glucagon < 1), elevated glucagon will
activate which of the following enzymes? - ✔✔hormone-sensitive lipase
✔✔which of the following is not a product of beta-oxidation? - ✔✔NADPH
✔✔A 55 year old male is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and his current presentation is
consistent which a lack of insulin production. Serum levels of free fatty acids were
elevated in this individual primarily due to increased activity in which of the following
enzymes? - ✔✔hormone sensitive lipase
✔✔under conditions when glucose oxidation is elevated, the acetyl CoA produced will
allosterically activate which of the following enzymes leading to an increase in the
production of oxaloacetate? - ✔✔pyruvate carboxylase
✔✔a 3 year old male is brought to the emergency department with hypoglycemia
following a brief seizure. His parents put him to bed the night before and he had not
eaten much dinner. His urine tested positive for dicarboxylic acids, serum-free fatty
acids are elevated and there were no detectable ketones in his blood or urine. In this
individual. at the same time of presentation his ratio of insulin to glucagon is - ✔✔< 1
✔✔Under fasting conditions (ratio of insulin to glucagon < 1), elevated glucagon will
activate which of the following enzymes? - ✔✔hormone sensitive lipase
✔✔which of the following enzymes is correctly paired with its allosteric inhibitor? -
✔✔acetyl CoA carboxylase; palmitoyl CoA
✔✔following a meal, the ratio of insulin to glucagon will be > 1. Which of the following
compounds will be elevated to inhibit carnitine palmitoyltransferase I? - ✔✔malonyl-CoA
✔✔under conditions when glucose oxidation is elevated, the acetyl-CoA produced will
allosterically activate which of the following enzymes leading to an increase in the
production of oxaloacetate? - ✔✔pyruvate carboxylase
✔✔malate can be converted to pyruvate in the cytosol. which of the following
compounds is directly generated in this conversion and is essential for fatty acid
synthesis? - ✔✔NADPH
✔✔which of the following is the regulatory enzyme for fatty acid synthesis? - ✔✔acetyl-
CoA carboxylase
