SEJPME MODULE TEST QUESTION BANK MODULE 2 TO 24:LATEST 2021

SEJPME MODULE TEST QUESTION BANK MODULE 2 TO 24:LATEST 2021SEJPME MODULE TEST QUESTION BANK MODULE 2 TO 24:LATEST 2021SEJPME MODULE TEST QUESTION BANK (MODULE 2 TO 24) MODULE 2 1) _____ is a violent struggle among state and non-state actors for legitimacy and influence over the relevant population(s). It favors indirect and asymmetric approaches, though it may employ the full range of military and other capacities, in order to erode an adversary's power, influence, and will. [objective51] 8) The _____ is a joint force that is constituted and so designated by the Secretary of Defense, a combatant commander, a subordinate unified commander, or an existing Joint Task Force commander to accomplish missions with specific, limited objectives and which do not require overall centralized control of logistics. It is dissolved when the purpose for which it was created has been achieved or when it is no longer required. [objective58] 9) _____ is the authority to perform those functions of command over subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission. It includes authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations and joint training necessary to accomplish missions assigned to the MODULE 3 1) In the Chairman's White Paper on "America's Military - A Profession of Arms," the importance of all of the following themes is discussed: values, the military profession, trust, leadership, mission command, the concept of Jointness, and advancing the profession. [objective62] False True identity 3) Joint education can be broadly parsed into three categories: Joint Professional Military Education (JPME), Enlisted Joint Professional Military Education (EJPME), and other Joint Education. [objective64] True False 4) In the Chairman's White Paper on "Mission Command" (2012), the three key attributes of mission command are _____. [objective65] understanding, intent, and initiative understanding, intent, and flexibility understanding, intent, and speed understanding, intent, and trust 5) There are eight distinct domains within the Total Force Fitness (TFF) Program. _____ fitness refers to the ability to perform mission-specific duties in any environment. [objective71] Physical Behavioral Social Environmental 6) Risk assessment, risk management, and recommending mitigating measures to the commander or others, are all steps that must be taken in order to properly mitigate risk. [objective67] False True 7) Which hostile environment often presents complex emotional and ethical dilemmas? [objective68] major combat operations humanitarian assistance operations support for civil authorities irregular warfare environment 8) Military members are expected to maintain a higher standard of conduct than might be accepted in the larger society and are subject to the rules and regulations of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. [objective69] True False 9) Service members with good psychological health contribute to force readiness by being focused, alert, prepared for new tasks, able to engage in critical thinking, and behave responsibly and ethically. [objective70] False True 10) Within the joint environment, cooperation requires team players, and the willingness to share _____ with all team members. [objective66] [Remediation Accessed :N] credit ideas effort workload A sometimes-ally of the United States requests U.S. support in maintaining stability during an insurgent uprising. The U.S. agrees to lead a multinational peace-keeping force in the volatile country, since supporting the legitimate government adds stability to a key strategic region. The insurgents comprise of a number of radical groups that follow a shared political ideology and collectively seek economic control within the region. They appear to be funded by narcotics cartels and organized crime syndicates in Central and Northern South America. The insurgents use a variety of disruptive, irregular warfare tactics to exert their influence, including the use of Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs), ambushes on peace-keeping forces, civilian kidnapping, graft, and civilian extortion. U.S. forces have also detected numerous cyber-attacks that appear to originate from insurgent sources; however, none of these have been successful. Objective - Least Relevant Offensive - Least Relevant Mass - Least Relevant Economy of Force - Most Relevant Maneuver - Least Relevant Unity of Command - Most Relevant Security - Most Relevant Suprise - Least Relevant Simplicity - Least Relevant Restraint - Most Relevant Perseverance - Most Relevant Legitimacy - Most Relevant Which principles did you rank as among the most important? Explain why. Restraint, perseverance, and legitimacy were ranked among the most important because these principles directly support irregular warfare conditions, such as those described in the scenario. Security was also ranked highly, because the scenario opposition forces use irregular means, such as IEDs and ambush attacks. Next, Economy of Force was ranked among the top principles because stability operations must be carried out with the upmost efficiency, so that the U.S. achieves an optimal return on investment. Finally, because the mission involves a multinational coalition, Unity of Command takes on greater priority; coordination among forces becomes more challenging as a greater number of units, agencies, and countries become involved. Which principles did you rank as among the least important? Explain why. Having a clear objective is vital. However, since the strategic objective in this scenario is to maintain stability in an ally's country, developing more detailed operational objectives takes on comparatively less significance. Similarly, since the mission involves stabilization, versus aggression, taking offensive action becomes less important, as is the element of surprise, the exploitation of maneuver, and the concentration of a large mass of combat power. Finally, while simplicity is important (particularly in multinational operations), it is less vital in the described scenario; given the complexity of the situation, simple responses may not be sufficient MODULE 4 contains 12 Questions 1) Select the answer that matches the following definition. This purpose of joint operations is to defend national interests, not only in conflict but through preventative measures to deter potential adversaries who could threaten the vital interests of the U.S. or its partners. [objective72] Project power despite anti-access/area denial challenges Deter and defeat aggression Maintain a safe, secure, and effective nuclear deterrent Provide a stabilizing presence 2) Select the answer that matches the following definition. This purpose of joint operations is to maintain an arsenal capable of deterring potential adversaries and to assure U.S. allies and other security partners that they can count on America's security commitments. [objective73] Maintain a safe, secure, and effective nuclear deterrent Provide a stabilizing presence Project power despite anti-access/area denial challenges Deter and defeat aggression campaign military, economic, social, infrastructure 6) Some services have an emphasis that vacillates between combat, law enforcement, and safety patrols. This demonstrates which key element to remember when working with other services? [objective83] size and capacity vs. speed and flexibility static vs. dynamic mission sets centralized vs. decentralized approach base-centric vs. ship-centric Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Combatant Commanders SecDef 9) Select the answer that matches the following definition. This type of command is composed of significant assigned components of two or more Military Departments. [objective80] Joint Task Force Subordinate Unified Command Specified Combatant Command Unified Combatant Command 10) A functional Component Command has many favorable factors associated with it, including reduced span of control, integrated planning, unity of effort, and _____. [objective81] decreased combat efficiency control over the scheme of maneuver comprised of service forces responsible for service-specific functions 11) The Marine Corps, while also steeped in tradition and focused on the individual Marine, prides itself on its quick responsiveness and its minimal non-combatant infrastructure. This dynamic is which of the key elements to remember when working with other services? [objective82] Static vs. dynamic mission sets Size and capacity vs. speed and flexibility Centralized vs. decentralized approach Base-centric vs. ship-centric 12) _____ includes restoring essential civil services, counterinsurgency, and humanitarian crises, while embarking on other supporting missions and tasks. [objective77] Relief and reconstruction Security Large-scale combat Military engagement MODULE 5 1) Automation technology can be used to reduce the burden of sorting through large amounts of _____ to enable an analyst to correlate various sets of _____ to make an assessment. [objective84] [Remediation Accessed :N] data, information intelligence, data information, intelligence data, intelligence Contributes to or shapes the commander's decision making process Allows anticipation or prediction of future situations and circumstances Consists of the synthesis of quantitative analysis and qualitative judgment with an assigned degree of confidence to the analytical conclusion environment Ensures that critical intelligence is disseminated appropriately in a timely manner to the joint force commanders (JFCs), staff, and components Assesses the characteristics of the adversary's decision-making process and identifies weaknesses that may be exploited Produces threat assessments on a continuing basis to help the commander create or exploit opportunities to accomplish friendly force objectives 6) During this activity in the joint intelligence process raw data is converted into forms that can be readily used by commanders, decision makers at all levels, intelligence analysts, and other consumers. [objective89] Collection Dissemination and Integration Processing and Exploitation Analysis and Production intelligence. Staff must be aware of intelligence requirements of higher, adjacent, subordinate and supporting elements. Effectiveness of meeting collection requirements to address the JFC's evaluation and feedback portion of the intelligence process Intelligence Analysts Involves the integration of time-sensitive, all-source intelligence and information into concise, a) objective reporting on the current situation in a particular area. Examines foreign developments in basic and applied sciences and technologies with warfare b) potential, particularly enhancements to weapon systems; addresses overall weapon systems, tactics analysis, and equipment effectiveness. Results from the fusion of identity attributes (biologic, biographic, behavioral, and reputational c) information related to individuals) and other information and intelligence associated with those attributes collected across all intelligence disciplines. Information gathered and activities conducted to identify, deceive, exploit, disrupt, or protect against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage, or assassinations conducted for or on d) behalf of foreign powers, organizations, or persons, or their agents, or international terrorist organizations or activities. Forecasts of current or potential situations with implications for planning and executing military operations; includes a description of relevant actors' capabilities, and reporting of their e) activities, and it analyzes known factors using techniques such as pattern analysis, inference, and statistical probability to address unresolved variables. Portrays and locates the components of a target or target complex, networks, and support infrastructure, and indicates its vulnerability and relationship to the enemy Centers of Gravity f) (COG); consists of analysis of physical and virtual attributes and signatures as well as Battle Damage Assessment (BDA) resulting from the application of lethal or non-lethal military force. Provides a distinct communication to a decision maker about threats against U.S. security, g) interests, or citizens; carries a sense of urgency, implying the decision maker should take action to deter or mitigate the threat's impact. Focuses on the military capabilities of foreign countries and organizations to include non-state h) actors, and other topics that could affect potential US or multinational military operations. h General Military Intelligence c Identity Intelligence a Current Intelligence f Target Intelligence d Counterintelligence b Scientific and Technology Intelligence e Estimative Intelligence g Warning Intelligence 11) This intelligence product category results from the fusion of identity attributes and other information and intelligence associated with those attributes collected across all intelligence disciplines. [objective94] Warning Intelligence Identity Intelligence General Military Intelligence Target Intelligence 12) What level of intelligence supports joint operations across the range of military operations in an area of responsibility and determines the current and future capabilities of adversaries that could affect the national security and U.S. or allied interests? [objective95] Force strategic Operational National strategic Theater strategic 13) Advance scouts report that a key bridge crossing is being defended by two tank platoons supported by a reinforced infantry brigade. Which of the following type of intelligence does this represent? [objective96] [Remediation Accessed :N] Operational Theater strategic Tactical National 14) Prior to planning for operations in support of the JFC OPLAN an intelligence brief is presented to the planning staff. Which one of the ten principles of intelligence does this represent? [objective97] Integrity Collaboration Synchronization Prioritization Vulnerable to incomplete information and adversary deception, but should never be avoided a) because it helps JFCs determine enemy intentions and capabilities. Results in a finished intelligence product that provides the most accurate and complete picture b) possible of what is known about an activity. Requires that all intelligence sources and methods be applied in concert with the operations c) plan and operations order. Relies on unhindered access to and sharing of all relevant information and can take many d) forms such as competitive analysis, brain storming, and federation. a Prediction d Collaboration b Fusion c Synchronization 16) The JTF J2 should have personnel knowledgeable in foreign disclosure policy and procedures and should obtain necessary foreign disclosure authorization from DIA as soon as possible. [objective99] False True 17) Which of the following non-DoD intelligence communities supports HUMINT collection, all source analysis, and political, economic, and biographic intelligence? [objective100] Department of State (DOS) Bureau of Intelligence and Research Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Department of Energy (DOE) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 19) Technology is often applied against what common analyst challenge? [objective85] CCIR management Information overload Subjective assessments Replacing cross staff collaboration 1) Intelligence analysts must communicate a degree of analytical confidence to help intelligence consumers decide how much weight to place on an intelligence assessment when making a decision. [objective84] False True True Matching intelligence collection requirements with appropriate collection capabilities Analyzing the priority intelligence requirements against existing elements of essential information Matching the commander's critical information requirements with other intelligence operations Synchronizing the timing of collection with the operational scheme of maneuver and with other intelligence operations 4) Which of the following types of intelligence focuses on adversary military capabilities and intentions and helps the JFCs and component commanders keep abreast of events within their area of interest? [objective96] Theater strategic Target Operational Tactical MODULE 6 1) Operation RESTORE HOPE in Somalia was a crisis response operation which required _____ to protect U.S. forces while accomplishing the mission. [objective104] security cooperation major campaigns combat operations deterrence activities 2) During the enable civil authority phase of operations, the JFC may be required to transfer responsibility of operations to another authority as the termination criteria. [objective127] True False 3) _____ are DoD activities, normally in support of the United States Agency for International Development or the Department of State, conducted outside the U.S., its territories, and possessions, to relieve or reduce human suffering, disease, hunger, or privation. [objective106] Foreign internal defense Foreign humanitarian assistance Stability operations Civil support 4) _____ is the protection of U.S. sovereignty, territory, domestic population, and critical defense infrastructure against external threats and aggression or other threats as directed by the President. [objective107] Combating terrorism Civil support Homeland defense Peace operations synchronize 6) Transferring responsibility of operations to another authority (such as, UN observers, multinational peacekeeping forces, or NATO) is an action in the _____ phase. [objective109] [Remediation Accessed :N] shape enable stabilize deter 7) _____ generally are governed by various directives and agreements and do not require a joint operation plan (OPLAN) or operation order (OPORD) for execution. [objective110] Commitment of forces Continuity of operations Advance measures Engagement activities Security cooperation 9) _____ ensure(s) DoD processes, procedures, and resources are in place to support the President and Secretary of Defense in a national security emergency. [objective112] Continuity of operations Engagement activities Commitment of forces Advance measures 10) _____ is/are DoD's unified effort to support and augment the development of the capacity and capability of foreign security forces and their supporting institutions to facilitate the achievement of specific objectives shared by the U.S. Government. [objective113] Foreign humanitarian assistance Stability operations Security force assistance Civic assistance programs peacekeeping operation U.S. Ambassador, or Chief of the Diplomatic Mission 14) It is imperative to have a clear national strategic end state for all types of contingencies, regardless of operation _____. [objective117] [Remediation Accessed :N] conditions viability commitment duration strategic objective campaign Defensive Offensive Stability SOF USSOCOM CA FDO 21) The "Seize the Initiative" phase of joint operations seeks decision advantage by using all available elements of combat power to: (Select all that apply.) [objective124] deny the enemy the opportunity to achieve its objectives denounce enemy military by using propaganda to turn public against their military leadership 22) When JFCs consider incorporating combinations of contiguous and noncontiguous AOs with linear and nonlinear operations, they choose the combination that fits the operational environment and the purpose of the operation. Which of the following combinations describe a typical sustained offensive and defensive operation against powerful, echeloned, and symmetrically organized forces and where the forward line of own troops focus combat power and protect sustainment functions? [objective125] linear operations in noncontiguous AOs nonlinear operations in contiguous AOs nonlinear operations in noncontiguous AOs linear operations in contiguous AOs 24) _____ is a general term used to describe military actions conducted by joint forces or by service forces employed under command relationships. [objective105] Range of military operations Major operations Strategic operations Joint operations MODULE 7 1) Joint logisticians coordinate sustained logistic readiness through the integrating functions of _____. [objective128] organizing for execution, achieving situational awareness, and designating lead Service responsibilities translating strategic guidance, developing operational concepts, and assessing logistic plans unity of effort, environment-wide visibility, and rapid and precise response planning, executing, and controlling joint logistic operations 3) When executing a joint logistics plan, which of the following requires maintaining visibility over the status and location of resources, the current and future requirements of the force, and the joint and component processes that deliver support to the joint force? [objective130] [Remediation Accessed :N] Organizing for execution Establishing a battle rhythm Understanding the Commander's Critical Information Requirements (CCIRs) Situational awareness 4) War games, simulations, or table exercises enable joint logisticians to work directly with the operations planners as they seek to _____. [objective131] [Remediation Accessed :N] identify vulnerabilities in joint logistic plans improve friendly forces' opportunity for success determine feasibility of support by assessing capabilities of the supply chain conduct assessments and identify risk 5) Health service support is organized into functional capabilities that include _____. [objective132] hygiene, patient movement, and preventative medicine casualty management, water and ice service, and preventative medicine casualty management, patient movement, and medical logistics hygiene, food, and base camp services The joint logistician balances Commander's Critical Information Requirements (CCIRs) with risk, force availability, and unit readiness. The joint logistician manages supplies and equipment, inventory, and supplier networks. The joint logistician manages people, materiel, and transportation. The joint logistician develops plans, studies feasibility, and identifies who is responsible for executing the plan. Personnel Readiness Division Global Force Management Plan Concept of Operations (CONOPS) Joint Manning Document Operation Plan (OPLAN) Geographic Combatant Commander 12) Prior to deployment, the Staff Judge Advocate must determine what legal authorities are in place and what authorities are needed or desired to support the JTF mission. [objective139] False True 13) An environment in which operations may or may not be opposed at any point during deployment by forces or individuals not under the host government's control is a(n) _____ environment. [objective140] operational uncertain hostile permissive Concept of operations (CONOPS) 15) Which stage of the projection process is identified by the movement of forces within the operational areas (OAs), the positioning of forces into a formation for battle, or the relocation of forces and materiel to a different OA? [objective142] Redeployment Mobilization Sustainment Deployment 16) During which stage of the projection process can senior leaders establish support facilities in multiple sites outside of the U.S. and the crisis area? [objective143] [Remediation Accessed :N] Sustainment Joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration (JRSOI) Deployment Mobilization 19) Which statement describes the difference between the responsibilities of the supported combatant commander (CCDR) and the supporting CCDR? [objective146] The supported CCDR builds and validates force and movement requirements, whereas the supporting CCDR reports force movement requirements data. The supported CCDR regulates the transportation flow of support personnel, whereas the supporting CCDR regulates the force flow based on strategic, operational, and tactical control. The supported CCDR ensures units retain visibility and mobility, whereas the supporting CCDR determines predeployment standards. The supported CCDR establishes a collaborative process, whereas the supporting CCDR must prioritize mission, align forces, and consider planned theater distribution. provide personnel, equipment and materiel when and where required by the concept of operations (CONOPS) Reception Staging Integration Onward movement 23) Which of the segments of joint reception, staging, onward movement, and integration (JRSOI) is defined as the process of offloading, marshalling, and transporting personnel, equipment, and materiel? [objective150] Onward movement Reception Staging Integration applicability of joint logistic capabilities, concept of operation (CONOPS), and rapid deployment of support unity of effort, joint logistics environment-wide visibility, and rapid and precise response MODULE 8 1) _____ emphasizes planning for the next phase of operations or sequels to the current operation. [objective154] Future plans Future operations plans Current operations plans Theater-strategic plans increasing the complexity of concepts that can be shared on the same networks with multinational partners focusing on earlier and more frequent discourse between DoD planners and their interagency/multinational counterparts updating static interagency/multinational plans in advance of execution collating all activity branches and sequels, to streamline interagency/multinational information sharing 3) The Joint Planning and Execution Community uses _____ to develop plans for a broad range of potential emergencies based on tasks identified in strategic documents. [objective156] [Remediation Accessed :N] planning directive execution crisis action planning deliberate planning deliberate planning, crisis action planning, and execution 5) In which area is a commander seeking an answer when he/she asks: "What is required to accomplish that sequence of actions within given or requested resources?" [objective158] Ends Ways Means Risks 6) What is the primary goal of operational design? [objective159] Understand the ends, ways, and means Visualize the ultimate operational approach Link tactical action to strategic objectives Conceive and construct and the framework that underpins a campaign or major operation plan fifth step, Course of Action Approval 8) The Joint Operational Planning Process, which is used during deliberate planning to produce both contingency and campaign plans, is comprised of the following steps: [objective161] Planning Initiation; Mission Analysis; Course of Action Development; COA Analysis and Wargaming; COA Comparison; COA Approval; and Plan or Order Development Determine and Analyze Operational Limitations; Determine the JFC's Specified, Implied, and Essential Tasks; Develop a Mission Statement; Conduct Initial Force Allocation Review; and Develop Risk Assessment Planning and Mission Analysis; Course of Action Development; Staff Assessments; COA Approval; and EXORD Issued Concept Development; Plan Assessment; IPR A; IPR C; and IPR R 9) During Crisis Action Planning, COA _____ is an objective process where the staff considers COAs independently of one another, against a set of criteria established by the Joint Force Commander and staff. [objective162] analysis development comparison elimination Operational activities 11) The supported commander's _____ gives the Service components, supporting commands, and agencies a detailed OPLAN, and it formally tasks those involved to prepare for the operation. [objective164] [Remediation Accessed :N] OPORD OPLAN WARNORD EXORD 14) According to doctrine, what does the staff focus on during planning? [objective167] Determining available resources to support the end state Developing effective plans and orders, and helping the commander make related decisions Determining whether the commander's situational awareness needs to be updated Developing courses of action that are all reasonable and executable Planning activities allowed in advance of formal COA selection by the President and/or SecDef 16) What APEX activity is a cyclical process that assures the resulting plan has been properly adapted to address any important factors that may have changed from the time the plan was formulated? [objective169] Concept development Plan assessment IPR A IPR R MODULE 9 1) _____ does not, in and of itself, include authoritative direction for logistics or matters of administration, discipline, internal organization, or unit training. [objective171] OPCON TACON ADCON COCOM TACON ADCON COCOM OPCON 5) The _____ stage of the commander's decision cycle is where the commander and staff make adjustments to the current plan or develop new plans with the purpose of successful completion of the broader mission. [objective176] [Remediation Accessed :N] plan monitor direct assess 6) Component and supporting commands' organizations and capabilities must be integrated into a joint organization that enables effective and efficient joint C2. The joint force commander should be guided in this effort by _____. (Select all that sustainable protected 8) The joint communications system supports commander's intent and planning by enhancing situational awareness and decision making, as well as the conduct of missions. This contributes to _____. [objective179] [Remediation Accessed :N] strategic agility tactical flexibility network-enabled operations operational reach Joint Information Management Board Joint Network Operations Control Center Theater Network Operations Control Center True 1) The _____ stage of the commander's decision cycle includes determination of the impact of events as they relate to overall mission accomplishment. [objective176] assess plan direct monitor 2) The joint communications system includes synchronization of warfighting functions, such as locating and identifying friendly forces, and supports the conduct of operations. This contributes to _____. [objective179] strategic agility tactical flexibility network-enabled operations operational reach 3) The joint communications system includes doctrine, tactics, techniques, and procedures, organizational relationships, and technology. This contributes to _____. [objective180] [Remediation Accessed :N] cyberspace strategic agility network-enabled operations information superiority MODULE 10 contains 9 Questions weapon systems or other actions to create a specific lethal or nonlethal effect on a target lethal weapon systems to destroy an specific enemy equipment, infrastructure, and manpower any action to cause an effect within the operational environment any lethal and nonlethal weapon systems A target the enemy commander requires for the successful completion of the mission A loss to the enemy that will significantly contribute to the success of the friendly course of action A target that is nearly irreplaceable to enemy functions throughout the operational environment A target that is able to cause considerable damage or disruption to friendly forces environment The prosecution of targets identified too late for normal planning The management and prosecution of planned targets as plans change The comprehensive prosecution of known and unknown targets to the greatest effects of lethal and nonlethal fires 5) The joint force J4 provides the J3 with the capability and capacity of the logistics train to deliver fuel to the multinational and coalition cavalry forces. What joint fire support task does this represent? [objective191] [Remediation Accessed :N] Sustain joint fire support operations Support forces in contact Support the CONOPS Integrate and synchronize joint fire support 6) Working from a prioritized list of targets the joint force J3 prepares tasking orders and releases these orders to all subordinate commands. What phase of the targeting process does this represent? [objective188] [Remediation Accessed :N] Phase 4 - Commander's decision and force assignment Phase 2 - Target development and prioritization Phase 5 - Mission Planning and Force Execution Phase 3 - Capabilities analysis the U.S. is a party The law of war rests on the fundamental principles of military necessity, unnecessary suffering, proportionality and distinction Manage and direct intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) collection requirements Conduct joint fires and targeting assessments Develop Joint Operating Area (JOA)-wide joint targeting guidance, objectives, and priorities 9) Joint actions against the command and control center for an air defense network causes coordinated responses between air defense sites to be disrupted there by leaving enemy armor units unprotected. This is an example of the _____ effects of direct and indirect fires. [objective187] [Remediation Accessed :N] cascading cumulative unintended intentional 1) What is the purpose of joint targeting? [objective186] The process of selecting and prioritizing targets and matching the appropriate response to them The process of locating and isolating targets to enable the greatest lethal, on nonlethal effect The process of designating and assigning targets to joint force subordinate commands The process of categorizing the characteristics of all targets A clear understanding of the problem, planning guidance, commander's intent, and the operational framework provide the necessary direction for the coherent integration of lethal and nonlethal actions Commanders and their planners should integrate lethal and nonlethal actions early in the planning process The operational level HQ should attempt to synchronize every lethal and nonlethal action within the Joint Operating Area (JOA) Lethal and nonlethal planning and synchronization requires close coordination and information sharing across all staff directorates 4) That portion of the law of war pertaining to unnecessary suffering does not apply as long as combatants use lawful weapons. [objective189] False True Employing the least amount of resources to achieved the desired effect 1) Interagency coordination refers to the interaction between engaged U.S. Government agencies for the purpose of achieving an objective. [objective192] False True an ad-hoc arrangement between two or more nations for common action a union overseen by an intergovernmental organization such as the United Nations MODULE 12 1) CCIRs that focus primarily on well-defined decision points provide the commander with a broad view to support better understanding of the complex environment. [objective198] [Remediation Accessed :N] True False notification criteria matrices JOC chart decision support templates all of the answers are correct Planners drive the development of CCIRs as commanders collaborate with partners to ensure the relevance of CCIRs. These CCIRs must be constantly monitored to ensure they transcend all three event horizons and met higherheadquarters priorities. Commanders drive the development of CCIRs as planners help develop the CCIRs exclusively in the current operations event horizon. CCIRs will likely not include partner actions but may change as the mission changes. A process to periodically review CCIRs provides little benefit and thus is not required. Commanders drive the development of CCIRs. Planners help develop CCIRs to support understanding and decision making across all three event horizons. CCIRs may likely include DIME partner actions and change as the operating environment changes. CCIRs should be periodically reviewed and updated. 5) To facilitate component and stakeholder awareness of CCIRs, where can commanders post CCIRs and their statuses? [objective202] [Remediation Accessed :N] commander's dashboard web portal operations centers all of the answers are correct 6) What effect(s) can occur when commanders retain tactical level decision-oriented CCIRs at the operational level in lieu of decentralizing CCIRs associated with decentralized decision approval levels? slows subordinates' agility adds unnecessary reporting requirements shifts HQ's focus away from setting conditions all of the answers are correct 1) Commanders at most operational-level headquarters have observed that CCIRs are developed to support three major activities. One of these major activities is "prioritization of limited resources." The other two are _____. [objective198] commander decision-making and branch planning commander decision-making and understanding the complex environment well-defined decision points and non-lethal actions sequel planning and collection analysis 2) Which of the following is an example of a tool used to help maintain situational awareness of the various CCIR criteria that the staff and stakeholders are monitoring? [objective202] decision support template (DST) notification criteria matrix JOC chart storyboards MODULE 13 1) Which of the following choices best summarizes the importance of knowledge management (KM) in the commander's decision-making process? [objective213] Commanders understand the myriad of players and information flows that make up the complex operational environment and must therefore endeavor to precisely control all the information by leveraging its benefits. Commanders have a continuous reliance on the processes and technological solutions to gain situational understanding. This focus ensures leaders leverage the benefits of the technological solutions in order to arrive at a more comprehensive understanding of the environment. Commanders at every level continue to emphasize the importance of controlling the information provided by all sources in order to achieve knowledge dominance. KM involves people, processes, and technology. It enables commander's decision-making, making it better and faster in a complex environment that includes many other players. It must be seamlessly woven into operations. In order to gain situational understanding, commanders are emphasizing an increased reliance on processes and technological solutions, rather than people interaction. Commanders can greatly assist their staff by sharing their unique perspectives. Commanders should instill a climate of seamless information sharing and push toward "co-creation" of context. Commanders should focus their units and staff through commander's critical information requirements (CCIR) that address both necessary decisions and information needs. There is little benefit, if any, to be gained from the myriad of players and information flows. The 'costs' associated with the complex environment far outweigh any benefit which may be gained. Commanders at every level can gain situational awareness through the many different compartmentalized processes and technologies that each player brings. Experience, expertise, and perspectives can be leveraged through collaboration and dialogue among many players. 4) Knowledge management (KM) and information management (IM) are two distinct activities that are necessary aspects in today's headquarters decision-making. Which two overarching insights clearly delineate their distinctions? [objective216] KM is people-centric. IM is information technology-centric. KM is technology-centric. IM is people-centric. KM focuses on the rules, procedures, applications, and tools. IM focuses on the players gaining and sharing knowledge to aid decision making. KM balances the need-to-share with the need-to-know. IM leverages the different perspectives of the myriad of players. The KMP is an all-inclusive authoritative document and therefore should not need to be supplemented with training to implement the procedures. The KMP design should be agile and flexible to keep pace with the rapidly changing information sharing environment as directed by the commander and Chief of Staff. Focus processes to share information with stakeholders who are in your communications network only. 6) What information management (IM) activity is normally a theater-level decision because of its significant second order effects, such as interoperability within the joint force, fielding and pre-mission training? [objective218] development of procedures into a formalized, authoritative document battle rhythm development maintenance procedures determination of the networks, databases, and software applications use of commander's critical information requirements (CCIR) to guide and prioritize information flow 7) Which of the following roles provides guidance on decision-making style, and degree of desired technology to support knowledge management and information management? [objective219] J-codes directors knowledge management representative (KMR) commander J6 9) What action(s) can commanders take that will help them organize and interface with the myriad of relevant players and information flows? [objective217] [Remediation Accessed :N] reducing reliance on e-mail for sharing information delineating staff interface responsibilities and designate LNOs avoiding using Foreign Disclosure Officers (FDOs) as part of their staff all answers are correct MODULE 14 1) The _____ is responsible for determining processes, procedures, and structures to fill the coordination void within an area of responsibility. [objective222] geographic combatant commander USG agency joint task force commander and staff joint interagency coordination group "supported" and "supporting" operational control and tactical control 3) Within the "whole-of-government approach," the _____ stage involves ascertaining the "real" (and often changing) problem as well as clarifying and developing national objectives, desired end states, risks, and a feasible policy direction. [objective224] actions analysis dialogue means 4) Stakeholders have unique perspectives and expertise, which commanders should leverage to gain a more complete understanding the problem to be solved and actions required to solve it. This can be summarized as which best practice? [objective228] [Remediation Accessed :N] inclusiveness in understanding the complex environment and the problem inclusiveness in developing plans and during execution inclusiveness in assessment 5) The _____ is responsible for recommending and implementing national policy regarding the foreign country, and is responsible for overseeing the activities of USG employees. [objective226] senior defense official joint task force liaison officer chief of mission U.S. Defense Attache Office 6) Commanders must achieve some technical means of information sharing with stakeholders during an operation. Which of the following is an important factor in effective information sharing? [objective227] insist on frequent face-to-face meetings codify tenants of the communication plan into a formal agreement emphasize virtual information sharing above other methods avoid over-classifying information MODULE 15 Back to Status page contains 5 Questions 1) Which of the following choices best summarizes the attributes and importance of mission command in today's complex environment? [objective229] Mission command is a continual process that seeks to understand the intent of our adversaries, while setting the conditions a force must establish to accomplish the mission. Mission command involves a continual effort of adherence to mission-type orders, being careful not to spend too much time on clarifying intent, and instilling trust among subordinates. Mission command is a systematic and mechanical process that relates to how commanders conduct decentralized execution based on the intent of their leaders. Mission command is a continual effort to understand the environment, clearly convey the intent of the operation, and build trust with subordinates and partners. 2) The use of capabilities oriented functional task forces, such as special operations and counter improvised explosive device (IED) task forces, is a significant evolution in joint task force organization. [objective230] False True The supporting commander must expect that sometimes the support he or she provides to the supported commander may have a higher priority than his or her own missions. Therefore, the supporting commander should provide the support and internally resolve any unintended consequences. The supporting commander should recognize that the support he or she provides to the supported commander may have an even higher priority than his or her own missions. He/she should address to both the supported commander and/or establishing authority any real or perceived risks to planned or ongoing missions. The supported commander should understand that his or her priorities will sometimes conflict with those of the supporting commander. Therefore, the supported commander should align his or her priorities to avoid these conflicts. Conflicts between supported and supporting commander mission priorities are rare. The supporting commander must immediately address any conflicts directly to the establishing authority for resolution. support 5) While not boundaries, which of the following assist in integrating fires with maneuver across the joint operating areas (JOA) and areas of operation (AO)? [objective231] fire direction center (FDC) fire support coordination measures (FSCM) fire support coordination line (FSCL) fire support area (FSA) MODULE 16 1) Which of the following statements best describes the renewed focus on the term design? [objective244] The value of design as a complementary concept to planning has grown significantly in recent years. It includes more commander-led direction concluding with some form of operational approach. Design focuses on a narrow view of view of mission analysis, often creating a checklist mentality and a more structured approach to framing the problem. In certain crises situations, planning replaces design due to the amount of critical resources required to conduct design activities. This results in a more efficient process. only be considered by members of the initial planning team can lead the commander and planners to spend more time on design, rather than detailed planning and execution invariably, problem statement becomes the mission statement can lead the commander and planners to narrow the focus too soon There are no dangers posed by planning efforts outside of the three event horizons. Planning efforts, outside of the three event horizons, are more prone to losing visibility from the Chief of Staff because they are not generally followed and managed through the plans management board (PMB). Planning efforts, outside of the three event horizons, often contribute to conflict for planning resources among directorates. Planning efforts, outside of the three event horizons, often cause overlaps and duplication of existing efforts managed through the plans management board (PMB). 8) Which of the following choices accurately describes how commands follow the standard joint operation planning process (JOPP) steps to achieve success in the development of commander's critical information requirements (CCIRs)? [objective251] [Remediation Accessed :N] Core planners interact with the commander to create the initial estimates during initiation of the JOPP; the staff develops CCIRs during course of action development in consultation with the commander. Core planners collaborate with working groups during initial JOPP steps; the staff creates initial estimates during mission analysis and the commander interacts with the staff to develop CCIRs. Commands have not actually achieved success by following the JOPP steps; success in the development of CCIRs has been achieved through creative, unstructured collaboration between the commander and his staff. The commander interacts with the staff during course of action development; planners collaborate with working groups during course of action analysis to develop CCIRs. 10) Adaptive planning centers on _____. [objective253] an operational-level "Pinnacle" plan an operational-level "Capstone" plan a strategic-level "Pinnacle" plan a strategic-level "Capstone" plan 11) Training exercises are conducted by joint force commanders and their headquarters and based on their operation plans, concept plans, and scenarios related to "most likely" and "most dangerous" crises/contingencies in their areas of responsibility. What is a secondary role of these complex training events? [objective254] provide an intensive venue for the focused, structured dialogue that drives design and subsequent planning understand how the planning process affects the readiness of the joint headquarters to control operations test the readiness of the staff in understanding their commander's battle rhythm 13) How can joint task force (JTF) headquarters promote the sharing of design products to the greatest extent possible? [objective250] [Remediation Accessed :N] ensuring design products are at a classification level that promotes sharing by not promote the sharing of design products due to the risks associated with divulging classified information carefully choosing stakeholders to ensure they are cleared to access the available design products The "co-creation of context" principle has given commanders unique viewpoints to leverage joint capabilities. Recent changes in joint command hierarchical structures have enabled commanders to delegate authority more efficiently across all echelons. Advances in information technology have enabled collaborative and decentralized approaches to better understand the operational environment. commander's critical information requirements (CCIRs) adaptive planning process Standing JTFs have a tendency to revisit design activities often, to ensure all efforts have been adequately explored. JTFs focus on ensuring the design products are kept at the highest classification levels to prevent inadvertent disclosure to certain external stakeholders. Standing JTFs collaborate with numerous external stakeholders in their supporting role, gaining an understanding of the larger crisis faced by the supported combatant commander. JTFs share design products and thoughts with subordinate units and external stakeholders as early and often as possible. MODULE 17 1) Of the following, which apply to the "battle for the narrative?" (Select all that apply.) [objective257] it is commander driven seeks to gain superiority over the adversary's narrative attempts to align communication efforts adversaries do not participate in the "battle for the narrative" the information environment should be passive 2) Commanders have recognized the need for some form of staff organization that can _____ to inform or influence the audiences in support of desired outcomes. Assessment helps to focus and redirect communication efforts when the environment changes. Strategies are static and unchanging. Assessment determines the assets available to the commander. Strategies enrich understanding of information operations. 7) The communication strategy working group (CSWG) is informed by subordinate units and the interagency stakeholders, and supports planning across the current operations, future operations, and future plans event horizons. [objective263] [Remediation Accessed :N] False True 8) Communication strategy is not a separate or parallel effort, but an integral part of the commander's overall strategy that ensures a shared understanding of the commander's vision, mission, and objectives. [objective260] [Remediation Accessed :N] True False 1) Planning for communication strategy involves the careful alignment of themes and messages with interagency organizations and other stakeholders. [objective259] True False narrative, theme, and message words, actions, and audience stability, peace, and prosperity ensure there is no divide between primary agency "inform" role and "influence" activities establish some form of communication directorate or cell creating a passive communication posture ensure these tasks are led only by the J3 or J5 5) Strategic communication _____. (Select all that apply.) [objective260] it is nested with strategic communication efforts is an integral part of the commander's overall strategy does not apply to subordinate units seeks to align joint task force actions, words, and images MODULE 18 1) Which of the following headquarters organization options provide a better focus on a specific mission area, such as theater security cooperation? [objective265] mission-based organization functional organization hybrid organization J-code organization The establishment of the internal relationships among the functional component core is a key element to including external stakeholders. First, establish all internal organizational stakeholders, and then fill the necessary gaps with external stakeholder elements. Think "inclusion" from the beginning, and establish a process to include external stakeholders in cross-functional venues. A positive command climate and logical organizational design is all that is required to ensure integration of external stakeholders. hybrid organization 4) How can headquarters staff personnel effectively deal with the challenge of unplanned demands from higher headquarters that may affect the battle rhythm? [objective269] [Remediation Accessed :N] The battle rhythm should be managed by a J-code director or deputy when necessary, so that the commander can deal with the unplanned event. The battle rhythm must be sufficiently flexible to provide the support to the commander in dealing with the event, and still be able to function in the commander's absence. Headquarters staff personnel should maintain constant communication with higher headquarters in an effort to prevent unplanned events which may affect the battle rhythm. The battle rhythm should be packed with events that ensure all demands from higher headquarters are being met, thereby minimizing unplanned events. In an era of continuous media, both traditional and social, enabled by technology, you're constantly communicating. Your actions, your words, and the image you portray may have an impact far beyond that which you intend. Understanding communication strategy will enable you to take a proactive role in communication. It will allow you to anticipate how your conduct can affect mission success and how your functional area enhances the effectiveness of our communication strategy and ultimately the organizational mission. Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to describe what is meant by the term, "race or battle of the narratives," identify three key areas commanders and staffs have focused on in order to compete in the information war, describe "communication strategy" as it relates to the commander's overall strategy, and identify key insights on the communication strategy which may help overcome the staff organization challenges of development, integration, and execution of communicationrelated activities to support larger strategies. During military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, adversaries of the United States and its coalition partners realized that physical victory on the battlefield was not the only way to meet their overall objectives; by influencing perceptions on a local or global scale, they could advance their interests. The U.S. also had interests in shaping perceptions, and this resulted in a competition in the information environment. The phrase "battle for the narrative" is used to describe the continuing nature of this "information war" among competing nations, entities, and/or ideologies to gain support from key audiences for their missions, causes, and objectives. The battle for the narrative is fought in the cognitive dimension of the information environment. It seeks to gain superiority over the adversary's narrative, to diminish its appeal, make it irrelevant, and supplant it. This fight is commander-driven and attempts to align communication efforts with operations from the strategic to the tactical level. The battle for the narrative begins with strategic communication. Click the button to read an excerpt from Joint Operating Environment, or JOE, 2010. Strategic communication is a whole-of-government effort to align all actions, words, and images in support of United States' objectives. It include