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Every member is listed with a number, then individuals are chosen at
regular intervals.
stratafied sampling
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dividing the population into subgroups (called stratas) based on the
relevant based on relevant characteristics.
Contrast naturalistic and participant observation, with examples
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Naturalistic Observation - The study of natural occurring behaviours by an
invisible observer.
- E.x Jean Pigat watched children playing, working on tasks, etc.
Participant Observation - A research method where the researcher is
immersed in the day-to-day activities of all participants.
- E.x Jane Goodall & her chimps are a great example of this.
Random Sample
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a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an
equal chance of inclusion
Confound variable
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an unanticipated variable not accounted for in a research study that could
be causing or associated with observed changes in one or more measured
, variables
Large samples are often more
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Accurate
Pygmalion Effect
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closely related to the self-fulfilling prophecy; the two terms are even
considered synonymous in some circles; it is a type of self-fulfilling
prophecy where if you think something will happen, you may unconsciously
make it happen through your actions or inaction. It occurs in the workplace
when a manager raises his or her expectations for the performance of
workers, and this actually results in an increase in worker performance.
Research Design
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The only design that allows conclusions about cause & effect
What are the ethical guidelines for observing people in public places?