MED-SURG II HESI EXAM
MED-SURG II HESI EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM 2025/2026
WITH COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY
GRADED A+
A client's daughter is sitting by her mother's bedside who was recently transferred
to the Intermediate Care Unit. She states "I don't understand what a brain attack
is. The healthcare provider told me my mother is in serious condition and they are
going to run several tests. I just don't know what is going on. What happened to
my mother?" What is the best response by the nurse?
A) "I am sorry, but according to the Health Insurance Portability and Accounting
Act (HIPAA), I cannot give you any information."
B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has been
blocked."
C) "How do you feel about what the healthcare provider said?"
D) "I will call the healthcare provider so he/she can talk to you about your
mother's serious condition."
B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has been
blocked."
Rationale: The nurse can discuss what a diagnosis means. Nancy is unable to
make decisions, so the next of kin, her daughter, Gail, needs sufficient
information to make informed decisions. The nurse has the knowledge, and the
responsibility, to explain Nancy's condition to Gail. The nurse should give facts
first, and then address her feelings after the information is provided.
What is the normal range for cardiac output?
The normal range for cardiac output to ensure cerebral blood flow and oxygen
delivery is 4 to 8 L/min.
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, MED-SURG II HESI EXAM
A client was admitted with the diagnosis of a brain attack. Their symptoms began
24 hours before being admitted. Why would this client not be a candidate for for
thrombolytic therapy?
Thrombolytic therapy is contraindicated in clients with symptom onset longer
than 3 hours prior to admission. This client had symptoms for 24 hours before
being brought to the medical center
What are plate guards?
Plate guards prevent food from being pushed off the plate. Using plate guards and
other assistive devices will encourage independence in a client with a self-care
deficit.
Which condition is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for a brain attack?
A) High cholesterol levels.
B) Obesity.
C) History of atrial fibrillation.
D) Advanced age.
D) Advanced age.
Rationale: People over age 55 are a high-risk group for a brain attack because
the incidence of stroke more than doubles in each successive decade of life.
Non-modifiable means the client cannot do anything to change the risk factor.
All the other options are modifiable risk factors.
A client is experiencing homonymous hemianopsia as the result of a brain attack.
Which nursing intervention would the nurse implement to address this condition?
A) Turn Nancy every two hours and perform active range of motion exercises.
B) Place the objects Nancy needs for activities of daily living on the left side of the
table.
C) Speak slowly and clearly to assist Nancy in forming sounds to words.
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, MED-SURG II HESI EXAM
D) Request that the dietary department thicken all liquids on Nancy's meal and
snack trays.
B) Place the objects Nancy needs for activities of daily living on the left side of the
table.
Rationale: Homonymous hemianopsia is loss of the visual field on the same side
as the paralyzed side. This results in the client neglecting that side of the body,
so it is beneficial to place objects on that side. Nancy had a left-hemisphere
brain attack so her right side is the weak side. Speaking slowly and clearly would
address the client's verbal deficits due to aphasia. Requesting all liquids to be
thickened would address dysphagia. Turning the client every 2 hours and
performing active range of motion exercises would address the client's risk for
immobility due to paralysis.
A physical therapist (PT) places a gait belt on a client and is assisting them with
ambulation from the bed to the chair. As they get up out of the bed, they report
being dizzy and begin to fall. The PT carefully allows them to fall back to the bed
and notifies the primary nurse. Which written documentation should the nurse
put in the client's record?
A) Client experienced orthostatic hypotension when getting out of bed.
B) PT reported client complained of dizziness when getting out of bed, and gait
belt was used to allow client to fall back onto the bed.
C) PT notified the primary nurse that the client could not ambulate at this time
because of dizziness.
D) Client had difficulty ambulating from the bed to the chair when accompanied
by the PT, variance report completed.
B) PT reported client complained of dizziness when getting out of bed, and gait
belt was used to allow client to fall back onto the bed.
Rationale: This documentation provides the factual data of the events that
3|Page
, MED-SURG II HESI EXAM
occurred. A)The nurse is making an assumption that the dizziness was caused by
orthostatic hypotension. C) Not all the pertinent facts are included in this
documentation.
D) A variance report should never be documented in the client's record.
A new nurse graduate is caring for a postoperative client with the following
arterial blood gases (ABGs): pH, 7.30; PCO2, 60 mm Hg; PO2, 80 mm Hg;
bicarbonate, 24 mEq/L; and O2 saturation, 96%. Which of these actions by the
new graduate is indicated?
A) Encourage the client to use the incentive spirometer and to cough.
B) Administer oxygen by nasal cannula.
C) Request a prescription for sodium bicarbonate from the health care provider.
D) Inform the charge nurse that no changes in therapy are needed.
A) Encourage the client to use the incentive spirometer and to cough.
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is caused by CO2 retention and impaired chest
expansion secondary to anesthesia. The nurse takes steps to promote CO2
elimination, including maintaining a patent airway and expanding the lungs
through breathing techniques. O2 is not indicated because Po2 and oxygen
saturation are within the normal range. Sodium bicarbonate is not indicated
because the bicarbonate level is in the normal range; promoting excretion of
respiratory acids is the priority in respiratory acidosis. Post anesthesia, the client
will need interventions as described in A above or may progress to a state of
somnolence and unresponsiveness.
The nurse is providing dietary instructions to a 68-year-old client who is at high
risk for development of coronary heart disease (CHD). Which information should
the nurse include?
A) Limit dietary selection of cholesterol to 300 mg per day
B) Increase intake of soluble fiber to 10 to 25 grams per day.
4|Page
MED-SURG II HESI EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM 2025/2026
WITH COMPLETE 250 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY
GRADED A+
A client's daughter is sitting by her mother's bedside who was recently transferred
to the Intermediate Care Unit. She states "I don't understand what a brain attack
is. The healthcare provider told me my mother is in serious condition and they are
going to run several tests. I just don't know what is going on. What happened to
my mother?" What is the best response by the nurse?
A) "I am sorry, but according to the Health Insurance Portability and Accounting
Act (HIPAA), I cannot give you any information."
B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has been
blocked."
C) "How do you feel about what the healthcare provider said?"
D) "I will call the healthcare provider so he/she can talk to you about your
mother's serious condition."
B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the brain has been
blocked."
Rationale: The nurse can discuss what a diagnosis means. Nancy is unable to
make decisions, so the next of kin, her daughter, Gail, needs sufficient
information to make informed decisions. The nurse has the knowledge, and the
responsibility, to explain Nancy's condition to Gail. The nurse should give facts
first, and then address her feelings after the information is provided.
What is the normal range for cardiac output?
The normal range for cardiac output to ensure cerebral blood flow and oxygen
delivery is 4 to 8 L/min.
1|Page
, MED-SURG II HESI EXAM
A client was admitted with the diagnosis of a brain attack. Their symptoms began
24 hours before being admitted. Why would this client not be a candidate for for
thrombolytic therapy?
Thrombolytic therapy is contraindicated in clients with symptom onset longer
than 3 hours prior to admission. This client had symptoms for 24 hours before
being brought to the medical center
What are plate guards?
Plate guards prevent food from being pushed off the plate. Using plate guards and
other assistive devices will encourage independence in a client with a self-care
deficit.
Which condition is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for a brain attack?
A) High cholesterol levels.
B) Obesity.
C) History of atrial fibrillation.
D) Advanced age.
D) Advanced age.
Rationale: People over age 55 are a high-risk group for a brain attack because
the incidence of stroke more than doubles in each successive decade of life.
Non-modifiable means the client cannot do anything to change the risk factor.
All the other options are modifiable risk factors.
A client is experiencing homonymous hemianopsia as the result of a brain attack.
Which nursing intervention would the nurse implement to address this condition?
A) Turn Nancy every two hours and perform active range of motion exercises.
B) Place the objects Nancy needs for activities of daily living on the left side of the
table.
C) Speak slowly and clearly to assist Nancy in forming sounds to words.
2|Page
, MED-SURG II HESI EXAM
D) Request that the dietary department thicken all liquids on Nancy's meal and
snack trays.
B) Place the objects Nancy needs for activities of daily living on the left side of the
table.
Rationale: Homonymous hemianopsia is loss of the visual field on the same side
as the paralyzed side. This results in the client neglecting that side of the body,
so it is beneficial to place objects on that side. Nancy had a left-hemisphere
brain attack so her right side is the weak side. Speaking slowly and clearly would
address the client's verbal deficits due to aphasia. Requesting all liquids to be
thickened would address dysphagia. Turning the client every 2 hours and
performing active range of motion exercises would address the client's risk for
immobility due to paralysis.
A physical therapist (PT) places a gait belt on a client and is assisting them with
ambulation from the bed to the chair. As they get up out of the bed, they report
being dizzy and begin to fall. The PT carefully allows them to fall back to the bed
and notifies the primary nurse. Which written documentation should the nurse
put in the client's record?
A) Client experienced orthostatic hypotension when getting out of bed.
B) PT reported client complained of dizziness when getting out of bed, and gait
belt was used to allow client to fall back onto the bed.
C) PT notified the primary nurse that the client could not ambulate at this time
because of dizziness.
D) Client had difficulty ambulating from the bed to the chair when accompanied
by the PT, variance report completed.
B) PT reported client complained of dizziness when getting out of bed, and gait
belt was used to allow client to fall back onto the bed.
Rationale: This documentation provides the factual data of the events that
3|Page
, MED-SURG II HESI EXAM
occurred. A)The nurse is making an assumption that the dizziness was caused by
orthostatic hypotension. C) Not all the pertinent facts are included in this
documentation.
D) A variance report should never be documented in the client's record.
A new nurse graduate is caring for a postoperative client with the following
arterial blood gases (ABGs): pH, 7.30; PCO2, 60 mm Hg; PO2, 80 mm Hg;
bicarbonate, 24 mEq/L; and O2 saturation, 96%. Which of these actions by the
new graduate is indicated?
A) Encourage the client to use the incentive spirometer and to cough.
B) Administer oxygen by nasal cannula.
C) Request a prescription for sodium bicarbonate from the health care provider.
D) Inform the charge nurse that no changes in therapy are needed.
A) Encourage the client to use the incentive spirometer and to cough.
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is caused by CO2 retention and impaired chest
expansion secondary to anesthesia. The nurse takes steps to promote CO2
elimination, including maintaining a patent airway and expanding the lungs
through breathing techniques. O2 is not indicated because Po2 and oxygen
saturation are within the normal range. Sodium bicarbonate is not indicated
because the bicarbonate level is in the normal range; promoting excretion of
respiratory acids is the priority in respiratory acidosis. Post anesthesia, the client
will need interventions as described in A above or may progress to a state of
somnolence and unresponsiveness.
The nurse is providing dietary instructions to a 68-year-old client who is at high
risk for development of coronary heart disease (CHD). Which information should
the nurse include?
A) Limit dietary selection of cholesterol to 300 mg per day
B) Increase intake of soluble fiber to 10 to 25 grams per day.
4|Page
