Chamberlain NR 511 Midterm questions with answers

Chamberlain NR 511 Midterm |\ |\ |\ |\




questions with answers |\ |\




What are common causes of N/V associated with
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



gastritis? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Alcohol, NSAIDs, ASA,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



ABX, and illicit substances
|\ |\ |\




What is the most common cause of nausea and vomiting?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE)
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What are some manifestations of AGE? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



ANSWERS ✔✔Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, fever,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



abdominal pain. May also include fatigue, malaise, |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



anorexia, tenesmus and borborygmus. |\ |\ |\




How is the severity of AGE gauged? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



✔✔Dehydration secondary to profuse watery diarrhea,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



fever greater than 101ºF (38.3ºC), vomiting, or dysentery.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What are important parts of a patient's history when AGE
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



is suspected? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Travel, dining
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



locations, ABX history.. |\ |\

,What happens to the pH of the stomach when antacids
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



are taken and how does this affect bacteria? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



ANSWERS ✔✔High pH can make it easier for bacteria to |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



survive and cause and infection. |\ |\ |\ |\




How does motility of the GI tract affect bacteria
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



colonization? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Small bowel stasis |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



as a result of obstruction, diverticulitis, or blind loop
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



syndrome frequently develop an overgrowth of bacteria |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



within the stagnant segment.
|\ |\ |\




Which immunoglobulin may protect the GI tract against
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



invading organisms? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔IgA...may
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



also help protect against a future attack by the same
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



pathogen.


Onset of N/V begin within 6 hours after exposure. Is this
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



bacterial or viral? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Bacterial: time
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



frame suggests food poisoning resulting from the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



ingestion of a preformed toxin such as that of Bacillus
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



cereus.


What two indications are highly suggestive of viral AGE? -
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Incubation periods greater than |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



14 hours and the initial symptom of vomiting.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\

,If a patient presents with AGE and reports bloody stools,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



what can be understood about the reason for blood in the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



stool/ - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Mucosal damage and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



inflammatory process secondary to invasive pathogens. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What do frothy stools and flatus suggest? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



ANSWERS ✔✔Malabsorption problem. |\ |\




Patients with prolonged AGE illness who are malnourished
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



may present with edema. What is the reason? - CORRECT
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



ANSWERS ✔✔Hypoalbuminemia
|\ |\




T or F: Chronic diarrhea usually has a noninfectious
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



etiology. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔True |\ |\ |\ |\




T or F: Acute diarrhea usually is caused by infectious
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



agents or toxins - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔True
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What is the most common viral pathogen causing AGE in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



adults? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Norovirus|\ |\ |\ |\




What is the most common viral pathogen causing AGE in
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



pediatrics? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Rotavirus. This has |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



been greatly reduced since the introduction of the
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



rotavirus vaccine. |\

, T or F: Stool studies are indicated in the absence of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



bloody diarrhea or systemic disease - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



✔✔False
|\




T or F: A CBC will help distinguish between viral and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



bacterial AGE - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔False |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




When are stool studies warranted? - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



✔✔Severe or prolonged diarrhea, a fever > 38.5ºC, |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



bloody stools or stools that test positive for leukocytes or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



occult blood. |\




What are common pathogens involved in Traveler's
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



Diarrhea? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Shigella, |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



Campylobacter, and E. coli. |\ |\ |\




What should the clinician do if the patient develops
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



diarrhea after initiation of completion of antibiotic
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



therapy? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Test for C. diff.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What are some DDx of AGE, particularly in patients with
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



persistent or chronic diarrhea and severe abdominal pain?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔IBS, IBD, ischemic bowel
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



disease, partial bowel obstruction, small bowel
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



diverticulosis.