Macular degeneration patient education
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, NO CURE
EYE INJECTIONS-VEGF inhibitors given by intravitreal injection include
ranibizumab and brolucizumab
Signs and symptoms of AMD may not become apparent until late in the
disease process at which time treatment may not be effective. They include
gradual onset of blurred vision, dysmorphopsia, scotoma, hemorrhagic
RPE, and neurosensory retinal detachment. When changes are found early,
treatments can help
Treatments may include photodynamic therapy (PDT), laser surgery, or a
shot of medicine in the eye.
Dry-retina slowly breaks down
Wet- May have an abrupt onset and is more damaging to the vision-
straight lines appear crooked and distorted or that letters in words appear
broken
WET--This effect results from proliferation of abnormal blood vessels
growing under the retina, within the choroid layer of the eye, a condition
known as choroidal neovascularization. The affected vessels can leak fluid
and blood, elevating the retina. Some patients can be treated with laser
therapy to stop leakage from these vessels.
Glaucoma clinical manifestations
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The patient may not seek health care until they experience blurred vision or
"halos" around lights, difficulty focusing, difficulty adjusting eyes in low
lighting, loss of peripheral vision, aching or discomfort around the eyes,
and headache.
Patient coping of the dying process
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•Closed Awareness
•Patient unaware of their terminal state, but others are aware
•Sometimes the family and healthcare professionals "guard the secret"
fearing that the patient may not be able to cope
•Suspected Awareness
•Patient suspects what others know and attempts to find out details about
their condition
•Mutual Pretense Awareness
•Patient, family, and the health care professionals are aware that the patient
is dying, but all pretend otherwise
•Open Awareness
•Patient, Family, and health care professionals are aware that the patient is
dying and openly acknowledge that reality
Hospice and palliative care
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Palliative care uses an interdisciplinary model of care, focusing on symptom
management and psychosocial/spiritual support for those with serious, life-
limiting illnesses. Palliative care aims to improve quality of life for people
and families
-Institution based
-Outpatient based
-Community based
Hospice is a type of palliative care, focusing on comfort at the end-of-life
All hospice care is palliative care, but not all palliate care is hospice are
Hospice care focuses on quality of life, and by necessity, it usually includes
realistic emotional, social, spiritual, and financial preparation for death.
, Glaucoma nursing management
Give this one a try later!
NO CURE-slows progression of the disease but does not cure it
Assess for knowledge level and adherence to their prescribed medication.
The lifelong therapeutic regimen mandates patient education. The nature of
the disease and the importance of strict adherence to the medication
regimen must be included in an individualized education plan
REASSURANCE AND EMOTIONAL SUPPORT, IN HOME CARE IF
BLINDNESS OCCURS, has a familial tendency, educate family on getting
tested
Chemotherapy effects
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•GI:
•Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea/Constipation
•Ondansetron, Aprepitant
•Hair Loss
•(not in the reading???)
•Myelosuppression/Immunosuppresssion
•Low WBC, HGB, Platelets
•Transfusions as indicated
•High risk for infection/bleeding/fatigue
•Neupogen, Neulasta
•Renal:
•Regular kidney function monitoring
•Some chemo is dosed based on creatinine
•Cardiac:
•Toxicity can occur with some medications- those have have MAX lifetime
doses
Give this one a try later!
, NO CURE
EYE INJECTIONS-VEGF inhibitors given by intravitreal injection include
ranibizumab and brolucizumab
Signs and symptoms of AMD may not become apparent until late in the
disease process at which time treatment may not be effective. They include
gradual onset of blurred vision, dysmorphopsia, scotoma, hemorrhagic
RPE, and neurosensory retinal detachment. When changes are found early,
treatments can help
Treatments may include photodynamic therapy (PDT), laser surgery, or a
shot of medicine in the eye.
Dry-retina slowly breaks down
Wet- May have an abrupt onset and is more damaging to the vision-
straight lines appear crooked and distorted or that letters in words appear
broken
WET--This effect results from proliferation of abnormal blood vessels
growing under the retina, within the choroid layer of the eye, a condition
known as choroidal neovascularization. The affected vessels can leak fluid
and blood, elevating the retina. Some patients can be treated with laser
therapy to stop leakage from these vessels.
Glaucoma clinical manifestations
Give this one a try later!
The patient may not seek health care until they experience blurred vision or
"halos" around lights, difficulty focusing, difficulty adjusting eyes in low
lighting, loss of peripheral vision, aching or discomfort around the eyes,
and headache.
Patient coping of the dying process
,Give this one a try later!
•Closed Awareness
•Patient unaware of their terminal state, but others are aware
•Sometimes the family and healthcare professionals "guard the secret"
fearing that the patient may not be able to cope
•Suspected Awareness
•Patient suspects what others know and attempts to find out details about
their condition
•Mutual Pretense Awareness
•Patient, family, and the health care professionals are aware that the patient
is dying, but all pretend otherwise
•Open Awareness
•Patient, Family, and health care professionals are aware that the patient is
dying and openly acknowledge that reality
Hospice and palliative care
Give this one a try later!
Palliative care uses an interdisciplinary model of care, focusing on symptom
management and psychosocial/spiritual support for those with serious, life-
limiting illnesses. Palliative care aims to improve quality of life for people
and families
-Institution based
-Outpatient based
-Community based
Hospice is a type of palliative care, focusing on comfort at the end-of-life
All hospice care is palliative care, but not all palliate care is hospice are
Hospice care focuses on quality of life, and by necessity, it usually includes
realistic emotional, social, spiritual, and financial preparation for death.
, Glaucoma nursing management
Give this one a try later!
NO CURE-slows progression of the disease but does not cure it
Assess for knowledge level and adherence to their prescribed medication.
The lifelong therapeutic regimen mandates patient education. The nature of
the disease and the importance of strict adherence to the medication
regimen must be included in an individualized education plan
REASSURANCE AND EMOTIONAL SUPPORT, IN HOME CARE IF
BLINDNESS OCCURS, has a familial tendency, educate family on getting
tested
Chemotherapy effects
Give this one a try later!
•GI:
•Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea/Constipation
•Ondansetron, Aprepitant
•Hair Loss
•(not in the reading???)
•Myelosuppression/Immunosuppresssion
•Low WBC, HGB, Platelets
•Transfusions as indicated
•High risk for infection/bleeding/fatigue
•Neupogen, Neulasta
•Renal:
•Regular kidney function monitoring
•Some chemo is dosed based on creatinine
•Cardiac:
•Toxicity can occur with some medications- those have have MAX lifetime
doses
