WGU Course C836 - Fundamentals of
Information Security
How can an operating system be hardened in accordance to the principle of least
privilege?
A Implement account auditing.
B Remove unneeded services.
C Restrict account permissions.
D Remove unnecessary software. - CORRECT ANSWER-C
A company implements an Internet-facing web server for its sales force to review
product information. The sales force can also update its profiles and profile photos, but
not the product information. There is no other information on this server.
Which content access permissions should be granted to the sales force based on the
principle of least privilege?
A Read and limited write access
B Read and write access
C Limited write access only
D Limited read access only - CORRECT ANSWER-A
A corporation has discovered that some confidential personnel information has been
used inappropriately.
How can the principle of least privilege be applied to limit access to confidential
personnel records?
A Only allow access to those with elevated security permissions.
B Only allow access to department heads and executives.
C Only allow access to those who need access to perform their job.
D Only allow access to those who work in the human resources department. -
CORRECT ANSWER-C
A user runs an application that has been infected with malware that is less than 24
hours old. The malware then infects the operating system.
Which safeguard should be implemented to prevent this type of attack?
A Install the latest security updates.
B Uninstall unnecessary software.
,C Modify the default user accounts.
D Limit user account privileges. - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A company was the victim of a security breach resulting in stolen user credentials. An
attacker used a stolen username and password to log in to an employee email account.
Which security practice could have reduced the post-breach impact of this event?
A Multi-factor authentication
B Operating system hardening
C Network segmentation
D Mutual authentication - CORRECT ANSWER-A
A module in a security awareness course shows a user making use of two-factor
authentication using a hardware token.
A malicious hacker was successful in a denial of service (DoS) attack against an
institution's mail server. Fortunately, no data was lost or altered while the server was
offline.
Which type of attack is this?
A Modification
B Fabrication
C Interception
D Interruption - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A company has had several successful denial of service (DoS) attacks on its email
server.
Which security principle is being attacked?
A Possession
B Integrity
C Confidentiality
D Availability - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A new start-up company has started working on a social networking website. The
company has moved all its source code to a cloud provider and wants to protect this
source code from unauthorized access.
Which cyber defense concept should the start-up company use to maintain the
confidentiality of its source code?
A Alarm systems
,B Account permissions
C Antivirus software
D File encryption - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A company has an annual audit of installed software and data storage systems. During
the audit, the auditor asks how the company's most critical data is used. This
determination helps the auditor ensure that the proper defense mechanisms are in
place to protect critical data.
Which principle of the Parkerian hexad is the auditor addressing?
A Possession
B Integrity
C Authenticity
D Utility - CORRECT ANSWER-D
Which web attack is possible due to a lack of input validation?
A Extraneous files
B Clickjacking
C SQL injection
D Cross-site request forgery - CORRECT ANSWER-C
Which file action implements the principle of confidentiality from the CIA triad?
A Compression
B Hash
C Backup
D Encryption - CORRECT ANSWER-D
Which cyber defense concept suggests limiting permissions to only what is necessary to
perform a particular task?
A Authentication
B Authorization
C Defense in depth
D Principle of least privilege - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A company institutes a new policy that "All office computer monitors must face toward
employees and must face away from doorways. The monitor screens must not be
visible to people visiting the office."
Which principle of the CIA triad is this company applying?
A Availability
B Confidentiality
, C Utility
D Integrity - CORRECT ANSWER-B
At a small company, an employee makes an unauthorized data alteration.
Which component of the CIA triad has been compromised?
A Confidentiality
B Authenticity
C Integrity
D Availability - CORRECT ANSWER-C
An organization plans to encrypt data in transit on a network.
Which aspect of data is the organization attempting to protect?
A Integrity
B Possession
C Availability
D Authenticity - CORRECT ANSWER-A
Which aspect of the CIA triad is violated by an unauthorized database rollback or undo?
A Availability
B Identification
C Integrity
D Confidentiality - CORRECT ANSWER-C
A company's website has suffered several denial of service (DoS) attacks and wishes to
thwart future attacks.
Which security principle is the company addressing?
A Availability
B Authenticity
C Confidentiality
D Possession - CORRECT ANSWER-A
An organization has a requirement that all database servers and file servers be
configured to maintain operations in the presence of a failure.
Which principle of the CIA triad is this requirement implementing?
A Utility
B Integrity
C Availability
Information Security
How can an operating system be hardened in accordance to the principle of least
privilege?
A Implement account auditing.
B Remove unneeded services.
C Restrict account permissions.
D Remove unnecessary software. - CORRECT ANSWER-C
A company implements an Internet-facing web server for its sales force to review
product information. The sales force can also update its profiles and profile photos, but
not the product information. There is no other information on this server.
Which content access permissions should be granted to the sales force based on the
principle of least privilege?
A Read and limited write access
B Read and write access
C Limited write access only
D Limited read access only - CORRECT ANSWER-A
A corporation has discovered that some confidential personnel information has been
used inappropriately.
How can the principle of least privilege be applied to limit access to confidential
personnel records?
A Only allow access to those with elevated security permissions.
B Only allow access to department heads and executives.
C Only allow access to those who need access to perform their job.
D Only allow access to those who work in the human resources department. -
CORRECT ANSWER-C
A user runs an application that has been infected with malware that is less than 24
hours old. The malware then infects the operating system.
Which safeguard should be implemented to prevent this type of attack?
A Install the latest security updates.
B Uninstall unnecessary software.
,C Modify the default user accounts.
D Limit user account privileges. - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A company was the victim of a security breach resulting in stolen user credentials. An
attacker used a stolen username and password to log in to an employee email account.
Which security practice could have reduced the post-breach impact of this event?
A Multi-factor authentication
B Operating system hardening
C Network segmentation
D Mutual authentication - CORRECT ANSWER-A
A module in a security awareness course shows a user making use of two-factor
authentication using a hardware token.
A malicious hacker was successful in a denial of service (DoS) attack against an
institution's mail server. Fortunately, no data was lost or altered while the server was
offline.
Which type of attack is this?
A Modification
B Fabrication
C Interception
D Interruption - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A company has had several successful denial of service (DoS) attacks on its email
server.
Which security principle is being attacked?
A Possession
B Integrity
C Confidentiality
D Availability - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A new start-up company has started working on a social networking website. The
company has moved all its source code to a cloud provider and wants to protect this
source code from unauthorized access.
Which cyber defense concept should the start-up company use to maintain the
confidentiality of its source code?
A Alarm systems
,B Account permissions
C Antivirus software
D File encryption - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A company has an annual audit of installed software and data storage systems. During
the audit, the auditor asks how the company's most critical data is used. This
determination helps the auditor ensure that the proper defense mechanisms are in
place to protect critical data.
Which principle of the Parkerian hexad is the auditor addressing?
A Possession
B Integrity
C Authenticity
D Utility - CORRECT ANSWER-D
Which web attack is possible due to a lack of input validation?
A Extraneous files
B Clickjacking
C SQL injection
D Cross-site request forgery - CORRECT ANSWER-C
Which file action implements the principle of confidentiality from the CIA triad?
A Compression
B Hash
C Backup
D Encryption - CORRECT ANSWER-D
Which cyber defense concept suggests limiting permissions to only what is necessary to
perform a particular task?
A Authentication
B Authorization
C Defense in depth
D Principle of least privilege - CORRECT ANSWER-D
A company institutes a new policy that "All office computer monitors must face toward
employees and must face away from doorways. The monitor screens must not be
visible to people visiting the office."
Which principle of the CIA triad is this company applying?
A Availability
B Confidentiality
, C Utility
D Integrity - CORRECT ANSWER-B
At a small company, an employee makes an unauthorized data alteration.
Which component of the CIA triad has been compromised?
A Confidentiality
B Authenticity
C Integrity
D Availability - CORRECT ANSWER-C
An organization plans to encrypt data in transit on a network.
Which aspect of data is the organization attempting to protect?
A Integrity
B Possession
C Availability
D Authenticity - CORRECT ANSWER-A
Which aspect of the CIA triad is violated by an unauthorized database rollback or undo?
A Availability
B Identification
C Integrity
D Confidentiality - CORRECT ANSWER-C
A company's website has suffered several denial of service (DoS) attacks and wishes to
thwart future attacks.
Which security principle is the company addressing?
A Availability
B Authenticity
C Confidentiality
D Possession - CORRECT ANSWER-A
An organization has a requirement that all database servers and file servers be
configured to maintain operations in the presence of a failure.
Which principle of the CIA triad is this requirement implementing?
A Utility
B Integrity
C Availability
