INSTRUCTORMANUALFOR . .
Employment Law for Business, 10th Edition, Dawn Bennett-
. . . . . . .
Alexander Chapter 1-16
. .
Chapter1 .
The Regulation of Employment
. . .
Chapter Objective
.
The.student.is.introduced.to.the.regulatory.environment.of.the.employment.relationship..The.chapter.
examines.whether.regulation.is.actually.necessary.or.beneficial.or.if,.perhaps,.the.relationship.would.f
are.better.with.less.governmental.intervention..The.concepts.of.―freedom‖.to.contract.in.the.regulator
y.employment.environment.and.non-
compete.agreements.are.discussed..Since.the.regulations.and.case.law.discussed.in.this.text.rely.on.an.i
ndividual‘s.classification.as.an.employer.or.an.employee,.those.definitions.are.delineated.and.explore
d.
Learning Objectives
.
(Click.on.the.icon.following.the.learning.objective.to.be.linked.to.the.location.in.the.outline.where.the.c
hapter.addresses.that.particular.objective.)
At.the.conclusion.of.this.chapter,.the.students.should.be.able.to:
1. Describe.the.balance.between.the.freedom.to.contract.and.the.current.regulatory.env
ironment.for.employment..
2. Identify.who.is.subject.to.which.employment.laws.and.understand.the.implication.of.each.of.th
ese.laws.for.both.the.employer.and.employee..
3. Delineate.the.risks.to.the.employer.caused.by.employee.misclassification..
4. Explain.the.difference.between.and.employee.and.an.independent.contractor.and.the.tests.that.
help.us.in.that.determination..
5. Articulate.the.various.ways.in.which.the.concept.―employer‖.is.defined.by.the.various.emp
loyment-related.regulations..
6. Describe.the.permissible.parameters.of.non-compete.agreements..
Detailed Chapter Outline
. .
Scenarios—Points.for.Discussion
1-1
Copyright.2022.©.McGraw.Hill.LLC..All.rights.reserved..No.reproduction.or.distribution.with
out.the.prior.written.consent.of.McGraw.Hill.LLC.
,Scenario.One:.This.scenario.offers.an.opportunity.to.review.the.distinctions.between.an.employee.an
d.an.independent.contractor.discussed.in.the.chapter.(see.―The.Definition.of.Employee,‖.particularly.
Exhibits.1.3–1.5)..Discuss.the.IRS.20-
factor.analysis,.as.it.applies.to.Dalia‘s.position..In.light.of.the.low.level.of.control.that.Dalia.had.over.he
r.fees.and.her.work.process,.and.the.limits.upon.her.choice.of.clients,.students.should.come.to.the.concl
usion.that.Dalia.is.an.employee.(therefore,.eligible.to.file.an.unemployment.claim),.rather.than.an.inde
pendent.contractor.
Scenario.Two:.Soraya.would.not.have.a.cause.of.action.that.would.be.recognized.by.the.EEOC..Review.the
.section.―The.Definition.of.‗Employer‘‖.with.students,.and.discuss.the.rationale.that.determines.the.status.
of.a.supervisor.vis-à-vis.anti-
discrimination.legislation..Because.Soraya.is.Soraya‘s.supervisor,.not.her.employer,.he.cannot.be.the.targ
et.of.an.EEOC.claim.of.sexual.harassment.
CCC,.Soraya‘s.employer,.would.be.vulnerable.to.an.EEOC.claim.if.the.company.lacked.or.failed.to.fol
low.a.system.for.employee.redress.of.discrimination.grievances..However,.in.this.case,.CCC.appears.t
o.have.a.viable.anti-
discrimination.policy.that.it.adhered.to.diligently;.consequently,.Soraya.would.be.unlikely.to.win.a.de
cision.in.her.favor..The.court.in.Williams.v..Banning.(1995).offered.the.following.rationale.for.its.decis
ion.in.a.similar.case:
―She.has.an.employer.who.was.sensitive.and.responsive.to.her.complaint..She.can.take.comfort.i
n.the.knowledge.that.she.continues.to.work.for.this.company,.while.her.harasser.does.not.and.that.t
he.company's.prompt.action.is.likely.to.discourage.other.would.be.harassers..This.is.precisely.the.r
esult.Title.VII.was.meant.to.achieve.‖
Scenario.Three:.Students.should.discuss.whether.or.not.Mya.non-
compete.agreement.is.likely.to.be.found.reasonable.by.a.court,.and.elaborate.the.aspects.of.the.agreeme
nt.that.Mya.might.contest.as.unreasonable.(see.section.below,.―Covenants.Not.to.Compete‖)..Does.
Mya.have.a.persuasive.argument.that.the.terms.of.her.non-
compete.agreement.are.unreasonable.in.scope.or.duration?.Might.she.have.grounds.to.claim.that.the.ag
reement.prohibits.her.from.making.a.living?
Given.the.diversity.of.state.laws.regulating.non-
compete.agreements,.discuss.the.range.of.legal.restrictions.that.might.apply.to.Mya‘s.particular.agree
ment.with.her.employer..As.an.employee.who.works.across.several.states,.Mya‘s.defense.may.depend.
upon.the.presence—and.specific.language—of.a.forum.selection.clause.in.her.non-
compete.agreement..Consider.what.language.would.be.more.likely.to.provide.Nan.with.a.strong.defen
se.against.the.breach.of.contract.claim.
Mya.might.also.argue.that.the.company‘s.client.list.is.available.through.public.means,.and.therefore,.h
er.access.to.this.list.should.not.be.prohibited.
General.Lecture.Note.for.Employment.Law.Course
In.order.to.teach.this.course,.instructors.have.found.that.students.must.be.made.to.feel.relatively.comfor
1-2
Copyright.2022.©.McGraw.Hill.LLC..All.rights.reserved..No.reproduction.or.distribution.with
out.the.prior.written.consent.of.McGraw.Hill.LLC.
,table.with.their.peers..Instructors.will.be.asking.the.students.to.be.honest.and.to.stay.in.their.truth,.even.
at.times.when.they.feel.that.their.opinion.on.one.of.these.matters.will.not.be
1-3
Copyright.2022.©.McGraw.Hill.LLC..All.rights.reserved..No.reproduction.or.distribution.with
out.the.prior.written.consent.of.McGraw.Hill.LLC.
, popular.or.accepted.by.the.group..In.order.to.encourage.an.open.atmosphere,.it.is.therefore.necessary.f
or.the.class.to.feel.comfortable.with.and.to.be.aware.of.itself.as.a.group..Here.are.two.exercises,.which.h
ave.proven.to.be.useful.in.reaching.that.goal.in.some.classes:
Cultural.Introductions
Have.students.sit.in.groups.of.four.or.five..Once.they.are.in.their.groups.(some.instructors.call.them.f
amilies,.so.as.to.prevent.a.feeling.of.competition),.have.students.introduce.themselves,.as.well.as.pr
ovide.a.bit.of.cultural.introduction.(where.they.or.their.parents.are.from,.where.they.may.have.lived
,.or.other.―cultural‖.information,.like.they.are.from.the.suburbs,.or.they.work.for.a.certain.industry,
.or.they.went.to.a.catholic.school,.etc.)..They.should.also.discuss.times.when.they.may.have.been.m
ore.aware.of.this.cultural.difference.than.others..This.will.only.be.shared.with.the.families..In.this.w
ay,.each.student.is.made.aware.of.the.fact.that.she.or.he.belongs.to.a.number.of.different.cultures,.th
eir.gender,.race,.and.ethnicity,.as.well.as.geography,.age,.type.of.education,.etc..Generally.―white.
males‖.is.used.as.the.concept.of.majority,.though.many.of.the.―white.males‖.in.the.class.may.belon
g.to.a.variety.of.cultural.groups..Allow.each.of.them.to.understand.their.own.uniqueness.
Then.ask.group.members.to.introduce.other.members.to.the.class.
Four.Facts
Ask.the.students.to.get.into.groups.and.list.four.statements.about.themselves,.three.of.which.should.
be.true,.and.one.of.which.should.be.false..Also.ask.them.to.list.below.those.statements.the.names.of.t
he.members.of.their.family..(The.instructor.should.do.this.too,.up.on.the.board,.then.disclose.later.to.
the.whole.class.)
Now,.each.individual.should.take.turns.reading.her.or.his.statements.to.their.family..As.each.person.
reads.their.statement,.the.other.people.should.jot.down.which.numbered.statement.is.false.next.to.th
eir.name.
Then,.take.one.person.at.a.time,.and.all.of.the.others.should.identify.which.statement.they.believe.is.f
alse.and.why..After.everyone.has.made.their.guess,.the.person.who.shared.the.statements.can.reveal
.which.is.actually.false.
• Were.the.students.surprised.at.some.of.the.facts.that.people.shared?.Which?.Why?
• How.good.were.the.students,.individually.and.as.a.group,.at.picking.the.false.statement?
• What.does.this.tell.one.about.making.assumptions.and.judgments.about.people?
• Were.some.of.the.statements.given.by.different.people.similar?. Why?
Give.the.following.instructions.to.students.to.find.out.how.many.they.got.right—
―Everyone.stand.up..If.you.got.at.least.one.right,.stay.standing..Two.right,.stay.standing..Three.rig
ht?.Four.fight?.Five.right?.etc.‖.Soon.only.one.or.two.may.remain.standing.
Opening.Discussion.Tip
What.is.employment.law?
1-4
Copyright.2022.©.McGraw.Hill.LLC..All.rights.reserved..No.reproduction.or.distribution.with
out.the.prior.written.consent.of.McGraw.Hill.LLC.
Employment Law for Business, 10th Edition, Dawn Bennett-
. . . . . . .
Alexander Chapter 1-16
. .
Chapter1 .
The Regulation of Employment
. . .
Chapter Objective
.
The.student.is.introduced.to.the.regulatory.environment.of.the.employment.relationship..The.chapter.
examines.whether.regulation.is.actually.necessary.or.beneficial.or.if,.perhaps,.the.relationship.would.f
are.better.with.less.governmental.intervention..The.concepts.of.―freedom‖.to.contract.in.the.regulator
y.employment.environment.and.non-
compete.agreements.are.discussed..Since.the.regulations.and.case.law.discussed.in.this.text.rely.on.an.i
ndividual‘s.classification.as.an.employer.or.an.employee,.those.definitions.are.delineated.and.explore
d.
Learning Objectives
.
(Click.on.the.icon.following.the.learning.objective.to.be.linked.to.the.location.in.the.outline.where.the.c
hapter.addresses.that.particular.objective.)
At.the.conclusion.of.this.chapter,.the.students.should.be.able.to:
1. Describe.the.balance.between.the.freedom.to.contract.and.the.current.regulatory.env
ironment.for.employment..
2. Identify.who.is.subject.to.which.employment.laws.and.understand.the.implication.of.each.of.th
ese.laws.for.both.the.employer.and.employee..
3. Delineate.the.risks.to.the.employer.caused.by.employee.misclassification..
4. Explain.the.difference.between.and.employee.and.an.independent.contractor.and.the.tests.that.
help.us.in.that.determination..
5. Articulate.the.various.ways.in.which.the.concept.―employer‖.is.defined.by.the.various.emp
loyment-related.regulations..
6. Describe.the.permissible.parameters.of.non-compete.agreements..
Detailed Chapter Outline
. .
Scenarios—Points.for.Discussion
1-1
Copyright.2022.©.McGraw.Hill.LLC..All.rights.reserved..No.reproduction.or.distribution.with
out.the.prior.written.consent.of.McGraw.Hill.LLC.
,Scenario.One:.This.scenario.offers.an.opportunity.to.review.the.distinctions.between.an.employee.an
d.an.independent.contractor.discussed.in.the.chapter.(see.―The.Definition.of.Employee,‖.particularly.
Exhibits.1.3–1.5)..Discuss.the.IRS.20-
factor.analysis,.as.it.applies.to.Dalia‘s.position..In.light.of.the.low.level.of.control.that.Dalia.had.over.he
r.fees.and.her.work.process,.and.the.limits.upon.her.choice.of.clients,.students.should.come.to.the.concl
usion.that.Dalia.is.an.employee.(therefore,.eligible.to.file.an.unemployment.claim),.rather.than.an.inde
pendent.contractor.
Scenario.Two:.Soraya.would.not.have.a.cause.of.action.that.would.be.recognized.by.the.EEOC..Review.the
.section.―The.Definition.of.‗Employer‘‖.with.students,.and.discuss.the.rationale.that.determines.the.status.
of.a.supervisor.vis-à-vis.anti-
discrimination.legislation..Because.Soraya.is.Soraya‘s.supervisor,.not.her.employer,.he.cannot.be.the.targ
et.of.an.EEOC.claim.of.sexual.harassment.
CCC,.Soraya‘s.employer,.would.be.vulnerable.to.an.EEOC.claim.if.the.company.lacked.or.failed.to.fol
low.a.system.for.employee.redress.of.discrimination.grievances..However,.in.this.case,.CCC.appears.t
o.have.a.viable.anti-
discrimination.policy.that.it.adhered.to.diligently;.consequently,.Soraya.would.be.unlikely.to.win.a.de
cision.in.her.favor..The.court.in.Williams.v..Banning.(1995).offered.the.following.rationale.for.its.decis
ion.in.a.similar.case:
―She.has.an.employer.who.was.sensitive.and.responsive.to.her.complaint..She.can.take.comfort.i
n.the.knowledge.that.she.continues.to.work.for.this.company,.while.her.harasser.does.not.and.that.t
he.company's.prompt.action.is.likely.to.discourage.other.would.be.harassers..This.is.precisely.the.r
esult.Title.VII.was.meant.to.achieve.‖
Scenario.Three:.Students.should.discuss.whether.or.not.Mya.non-
compete.agreement.is.likely.to.be.found.reasonable.by.a.court,.and.elaborate.the.aspects.of.the.agreeme
nt.that.Mya.might.contest.as.unreasonable.(see.section.below,.―Covenants.Not.to.Compete‖)..Does.
Mya.have.a.persuasive.argument.that.the.terms.of.her.non-
compete.agreement.are.unreasonable.in.scope.or.duration?.Might.she.have.grounds.to.claim.that.the.ag
reement.prohibits.her.from.making.a.living?
Given.the.diversity.of.state.laws.regulating.non-
compete.agreements,.discuss.the.range.of.legal.restrictions.that.might.apply.to.Mya‘s.particular.agree
ment.with.her.employer..As.an.employee.who.works.across.several.states,.Mya‘s.defense.may.depend.
upon.the.presence—and.specific.language—of.a.forum.selection.clause.in.her.non-
compete.agreement..Consider.what.language.would.be.more.likely.to.provide.Nan.with.a.strong.defen
se.against.the.breach.of.contract.claim.
Mya.might.also.argue.that.the.company‘s.client.list.is.available.through.public.means,.and.therefore,.h
er.access.to.this.list.should.not.be.prohibited.
General.Lecture.Note.for.Employment.Law.Course
In.order.to.teach.this.course,.instructors.have.found.that.students.must.be.made.to.feel.relatively.comfor
1-2
Copyright.2022.©.McGraw.Hill.LLC..All.rights.reserved..No.reproduction.or.distribution.with
out.the.prior.written.consent.of.McGraw.Hill.LLC.
,table.with.their.peers..Instructors.will.be.asking.the.students.to.be.honest.and.to.stay.in.their.truth,.even.
at.times.when.they.feel.that.their.opinion.on.one.of.these.matters.will.not.be
1-3
Copyright.2022.©.McGraw.Hill.LLC..All.rights.reserved..No.reproduction.or.distribution.with
out.the.prior.written.consent.of.McGraw.Hill.LLC.
, popular.or.accepted.by.the.group..In.order.to.encourage.an.open.atmosphere,.it.is.therefore.necessary.f
or.the.class.to.feel.comfortable.with.and.to.be.aware.of.itself.as.a.group..Here.are.two.exercises,.which.h
ave.proven.to.be.useful.in.reaching.that.goal.in.some.classes:
Cultural.Introductions
Have.students.sit.in.groups.of.four.or.five..Once.they.are.in.their.groups.(some.instructors.call.them.f
amilies,.so.as.to.prevent.a.feeling.of.competition),.have.students.introduce.themselves,.as.well.as.pr
ovide.a.bit.of.cultural.introduction.(where.they.or.their.parents.are.from,.where.they.may.have.lived
,.or.other.―cultural‖.information,.like.they.are.from.the.suburbs,.or.they.work.for.a.certain.industry,
.or.they.went.to.a.catholic.school,.etc.)..They.should.also.discuss.times.when.they.may.have.been.m
ore.aware.of.this.cultural.difference.than.others..This.will.only.be.shared.with.the.families..In.this.w
ay,.each.student.is.made.aware.of.the.fact.that.she.or.he.belongs.to.a.number.of.different.cultures,.th
eir.gender,.race,.and.ethnicity,.as.well.as.geography,.age,.type.of.education,.etc..Generally.―white.
males‖.is.used.as.the.concept.of.majority,.though.many.of.the.―white.males‖.in.the.class.may.belon
g.to.a.variety.of.cultural.groups..Allow.each.of.them.to.understand.their.own.uniqueness.
Then.ask.group.members.to.introduce.other.members.to.the.class.
Four.Facts
Ask.the.students.to.get.into.groups.and.list.four.statements.about.themselves,.three.of.which.should.
be.true,.and.one.of.which.should.be.false..Also.ask.them.to.list.below.those.statements.the.names.of.t
he.members.of.their.family..(The.instructor.should.do.this.too,.up.on.the.board,.then.disclose.later.to.
the.whole.class.)
Now,.each.individual.should.take.turns.reading.her.or.his.statements.to.their.family..As.each.person.
reads.their.statement,.the.other.people.should.jot.down.which.numbered.statement.is.false.next.to.th
eir.name.
Then,.take.one.person.at.a.time,.and.all.of.the.others.should.identify.which.statement.they.believe.is.f
alse.and.why..After.everyone.has.made.their.guess,.the.person.who.shared.the.statements.can.reveal
.which.is.actually.false.
• Were.the.students.surprised.at.some.of.the.facts.that.people.shared?.Which?.Why?
• How.good.were.the.students,.individually.and.as.a.group,.at.picking.the.false.statement?
• What.does.this.tell.one.about.making.assumptions.and.judgments.about.people?
• Were.some.of.the.statements.given.by.different.people.similar?. Why?
Give.the.following.instructions.to.students.to.find.out.how.many.they.got.right—
―Everyone.stand.up..If.you.got.at.least.one.right,.stay.standing..Two.right,.stay.standing..Three.rig
ht?.Four.fight?.Five.right?.etc.‖.Soon.only.one.or.two.may.remain.standing.
Opening.Discussion.Tip
What.is.employment.law?
1-4
Copyright.2022.©.McGraw.Hill.LLC..All.rights.reserved..No.reproduction.or.distribution.with
out.the.prior.written.consent.of.McGraw.Hill.LLC.
