mason policy politics in nursing and health care 8th edition by Elizabeth Lynne Mason, Diana J.; Perez, Adrianna; McLemore, Monica R.NEW!!!!

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For mason policy politics in nursing and health care 8th edition by Elizabeth

Lynne Mason, Diana J.; Perez, Adrianna; McLemore, Monica R.; Dickson



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Mason Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 8th Edition
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Chapter 01: Introduction x x


MULTIPLE CHOICE x




1. Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention?
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a. Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger than the age of 1 year x x x x x x x x x x x


b. Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bone cancer)
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c. Screening for gestational diabetes after 24 weeks of pregnancy
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d. Sexual education program in elementary schools
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e. Increasing taxes for buying cigarettes x x x x




ANS: B
x x




Surgical amputation of an extremity with osteosarcoma (bone cancer) is an example in which
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when a disease is present the treatment (amputation) is done to reduce the impact of disease
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by preventing the tumor from dissemination. Vaccination for rotavirus for children younger
x x x x x x x x x x x x


than the age of 1 year, sexual education program in elementary schools, and increasing taxes
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


for buying cigarettes represent examples of primary prevention. Screening for gestational
x x x x x x x x x x x


diabetes after 24 weeks of pregnancy is an example of secondary prevention.
x x x x x x x x x x x x




2. This historic character observed that childbed fever mortality was more common among
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women treated by physicians and medical students compared with women treated by
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midwives. Based on his observations, he implemented a hand wash policy that resulted in a
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


decrease in mortality. Name the character that we are talking about.
x x x x x x x x x x x




a. John Snow x


b. Edward Jenner x


c. D.A. Henderson x


d. Leon Gordis x


e. Ignaz Semmelweis x




ANS: E
x x




Ignaz Semmelweis identified that medical students and physicians transmitted the disease by
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xnot washing their hands after examining bodies at autopsies and conducting multiple
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xexaminations in the clinic. x x x




3. Thanks to the contributions of Edward Jenner, the following disease was eradicated later
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by efforts organized by D.A. Henderson:
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a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika

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ANS: B x




Smallpox was eradicated in 1980. Edward Jenner vaccinated James Phipps in 1796 against
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smallpox. Almost 200 years later, the World Health Organization (WHO) commissioned
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D.A. Henderson to lead the efforts to eradicate the disease.
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4. Over the past century, a marked decline in the mortality rates of many infectious diseases
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has been observed. Which of the following is the most likely reason for the observed decline
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in mortality rates from common infectious diseases?
x x x x x x x




a. Development of penicillin x x


b. Development of insulin x x


c. Development of vaccines x x


d. Improvement in social conditions x x x


e. Worse sanitation and unsafe water x x x x




x ANS: D x




Although medical treatments potentially helped in the decrease of infectious diseases, the
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advancement in social conditions played a major role. These improvements include better
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sanitation, safe disposal of waste, better nutrition, and improvement in housing conditions.
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Chapter 02: The Dynamics of Disease Transmission x x x x x x




Test Bank x




x MULTIPLE

CHOICE
x




1. Which term most accurately describes the following definition? “The occurrence in a
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community or region of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health-
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


related events clearly in excess of normal expectancy.” [Porta M, ed. A Dictionary of
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Epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press; 2014.]
x x x x x x x




a. Endemic
b. Epidemic
c. Pandemic
d. Attack rate x


e. Incubation period x




x ANS: B x




An epidemic is the occurrence of health-related events in a community or region, in clear
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excess of normal expectation. Endemic is not true because it is defined as the constant
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occurrence of a disease, disorder, or noxious infectious agent in a geographic area or
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population group. Pandemic is not true because it is defined as an epidemic occurring over a
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very wide area, crossing international boundaries, and usually affecting a large number of
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Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
x x x x x x x x

, Test Bank x 1-3

people. Attack rate is not true because it is defined as number of people at risk in whom a
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certain illness develops over total number of people at risk. Incubation period is not true
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because it is the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


onset of recognizable symptoms).
x x x x




2. What is the most accurate definition of the incubation period (of an infectious disease)?
x x x x x x x x x x x x x




a. The time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of recognizable symptoms
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b. The interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of
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recognizable symptoms)
x x


c. The time of invasion by an infectious agent
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d. The time between initiation of infection and first shedding or excretion of the agent
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e. The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness
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ANS: B
x x




The incubation period is defined as the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


of clinical illness (the onset of recognizable symptoms); in other words, the time between the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


moment of developing symptoms and the moment of invasion by an infectious agent. “The
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of recognizable symptoms” is not true as it
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


corresponds to “time of onset.” “The time of invasion by an infectious agent” is not true as it
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


corresponds to “time of infection.” “The time between initiation of infection and first
x x x x x x x x x x x x x


shedding or excretion of the agent” and “The period between exposure and the onset of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


infectiousness” are not true as they correspond to the latent period. (The latent period is
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


focusing on the onset of infectiousness, but the incubation period is focusing on the onset of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


the symptom.)
x x




3. There was a food poisoning outbreak on April 1, 2018, at the City Z Food Safety
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


Conference. There were 1,000 people registered for the conference with luncheon, 100
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volunteers to host attendees, and 50 people who served the luncheon during the conference.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


Except for 50 people who served the food, all of the participants and volunteers ate the food
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


from the luncheon at the conference on April 1, 2018. Based only on the information given in
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


this question, how many people are at risk in this food poisoning outbreak?
x x x x x x x x x x x x x




a. 1,000
b. 1,100
c. 1,150
d. 150
e. 50

ANS: B
x x




People at risk in this outbreak are people who were exposed to the food at the conference.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


Even though 1,150 people were at the conference, 50 people who served the food did not eat
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the food. Therefore we have to exclude those 50 people.
x x x x x x x x x x




4. There was a food poisoning outbreak on April 1, 2018, at the City Z Food Safety
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


Conference. There were 1,000 people registered for the conference with luncheon, 100
x x x x x x x x x x x x


volunteers to host attendees, and 50 people who served the luncheon during the conference.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


Except for 50 people who served the food, all of the participants and volunteers ate the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


food
x




Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
x x x x x x x x