,
,Chapter79 01:7 9 Introduction7 9 to7 9 Imaging7 9 and7 9 Radiologic7 9 Sciences
Adler:7 9 Introduction7 9 to7 9 Radiologic7 9 and7 9 Imaging7 9 Sciences7 9 and7 9 Patient7 9 Care,7 9 6th7 9 Edition
MULTIPLE79CHOICE
1. The7 9 use7 9 of7 9 x-rays7 9 to7 9 create7 9 a7 9 medical7 9 image7 9 on7 9 patients7 9 is7 9 referred7 9 to7 9 as
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magnetic7 9 resonance7 9 imaging.
ANS: B
Radiography79is79the79making79of79records79of79internal79structures79of79the79body79by79passa
ge79of79x-
79rays7 9 or7 9 gamma7 9 rays7 9 through7 9 the7 9 body.7 9 These7 9 records7 9 or7 9 images7 9 are7 9 typi
cally7 9 referred7 9 t79o79a79s79radiographs.
REF: p.7 9 4
2. Particular79care79must79be79taken79when79using79radiation79for79medical79imaging.79This79is79
the79result79of79radiation’s79ability79to79create
in7 9 human7 9 tissue7 9 and7 9 possible7 9 biochemical7 9 changes
.
a. ionizations
b. radio7 9 waves
c. sound7 9 waves
d. thermal7 9 changes
ANS: A
Some7 9 forms7 9 of7 9 electromagnetic7 9 energy,7 9 including7 9 x-
rays,79have79the79ability79to79ionize79atoms79in79matter.79These79ionizations79have79the79abilit
y79to79disru79pt79 the79 composition79 of79 matter79 and79 are79 capable79 of79 disrupting79 life79 pro
cesses.79 Special79 protect
i7 9 on79should79be79provided79to79prevent7 9 excessive79exposure79to79ionizing79r
adiation.79REF: p.793
3. In79the79diagnosis79of79patient79disease79states,79physicians79can79select79from79an79array79of7
9medical79diagnostic79modalities.79A79few79of79these79involve79the79use79of79ionizing79energ
y79to79create79a79medi79cal79image.79If79a79physician79is79concerned79about79the79use79of79ioni
zing79radiation,79he79or79she79may79choose79to79order79any79of79the79following79diagnostic79
modalities79EXCEPT
a. thermograms.
b. medical7 9 sonography.
c. radiography.
d. magnetic7 9 resonance7 9 imaging.
ANS: C
Radiography7 9 involves7 9 the7 9 use7 9 of7 9 x-
rays79 for79 the79 production79 of79 medical79 images.79 Medical79 procedures79 such7 9 as79 thermograms,79 so
o79 grams,79 and79 magnetic79 resonance79 scans79 use79 nonionizing79 energy79 forms79 and79 consequently79
o7 9 not79produce79ionizations79in79human79tissue.79They79are79regarded79as79nonionizing79mo
dalities79f79or79i79maging79and79offer79excellent79alternatives79to79physicians79concerned79abo
ut79radiation79expo79sure79t79o79patients.
, REF: pp.7 9 3-4
4. The79Greek79physician79Hippocrates79is79regarded79as79the79father79of79Western79medicin
e.79All79of7 9 t79he79following79choices79represent79his79medical79beliefs79EXCEPT79the
a. use7 9 of7 9 high7 9 ethical7 9 standards7 9 of7 9 conduct.
b. important7 9 medical7 9 value7 9 of7 9 sorcery7 9 and7 9 witchcraft.
c. importance79 of7 9 closely7 9 monitoring7 9 a7 9 patient’s7 9 condition7 9 and7 9 recovery.
d. value7 9 of7 9 diet7 9 and7 9 exercise7 9 and7 9 allowing7 9 nature7 9 to7 9 take7 9 its7 9 course7 9 in7 9 recovery.
ANS: B
The7 9 Hippocratic7 9 Corpus7 9 is7 9 writings7 9 that7 9 they7 9 emphasize7 9 rational7 9 and7 9 natural7 9 e
xplanations79f79or79the79treatment79 of79disease79and79 reject79sorcery79and79magic.79The79Hip
pocratic79oath79still79 gove7 9 r7 9 ns79the79ethical79conduct79of79physicians79today.
REF: p.7 9 5
5. Throughout79the79history79of79medicine,79remarkable79achievements79have79been79recorde
d.79The7 9 s79e79events79have79led79to79our79current79understanding79of79the79human79organi
sm79 and79disease.79A7 9 s7 9 this79research79continues,7 9 much79of79it79will79most79likely79f
ocus79on
a. proper7 9 sanitation7 9 and7 9 public7 9 health.
b. immunology7 9 and7 9 the7 9 development7 9 of7 9 vaccines.
c. germ7 9 theory7 9 and7 9 infection.
d. human7 9 genes7 9 and7 9 genetic7 9 engineering.
ANS: D
Although79the79Human79Genome79Project79is79finished,79analyses79of79the79data79will79contin
ue79for7 9 m79any7 9 years.7 9 The7 9 replacement7 9 of7 9 faulty7 9 genes7 9 through7 9 gene7 9 therapy7 9 o
ffers7 9 promises7 9 of7 9 cure79s79for79a79variety79of79hereditary79diseases,79and79through79genetic
79engineering,79important79pharma79ceuticals7 9 continue7 9 to7 9 be7 9 developed.7 9 Medical7 9 res
earch7 9 will7 9 continue7 9 to7 9 focus7 9 on7 9 the7 9 gene79ti79c79code79in79all79cells.
REF: p.7 9 6
6. Wilhelm79 C.79 Roentgen’s79 discovery79of79―the79 x-
ray‖79is79regarded79as79one79of79medicine’s79most79significant79achievements.79Although79his
79disco79very79was79accidental,79his79early79research79was79so79thorough79that79no79significan
t79findings79have79been79added79to79his79original79theories.79This79in79itself79is79a79true79tribut
e79to79the79brilliance79of79Ro79entgen7 9 as7 9 a7 9 scientist.7 9 One7 9 of7 9 the7 9 most7 9 famous7 9 e
arly7 9 images7 9 he7 9 created7 9 was7 9 an7 9 x-
ray7 9 image7 9 of7 9 his
a. colon.
b. laboratory79assistant’s79foot.
c. wife’s79hand.
d. kidneys.
ANS: C
November798,791895,79is79believed79by79historians79to79be79the79day79that79Roentgen79created
79the79famo79us79image79of79the79hand79of79his79wife.79Through79his79investigative79methods,
79Roentgen79identified79the79properties79of79x-rays.
REF: p.7 9 6
,Chapter79 01:7 9 Introduction7 9 to7 9 Imaging7 9 and7 9 Radiologic7 9 Sciences
Adler:7 9 Introduction7 9 to7 9 Radiologic7 9 and7 9 Imaging7 9 Sciences7 9 and7 9 Patient7 9 Care,7 9 6th7 9 Edition
MULTIPLE79CHOICE
1. The7 9 use7 9 of7 9 x-rays7 9 to7 9 create7 9 a7 9 medical7 9 image7 9 on7 9 patients7 9 is7 9 referred7 9 to7 9 as
a. electrocardiography.
b. radiography.
c. sonography.
d. magnetic7 9 resonance7 9 imaging.
ANS: B
Radiography79is79the79making79of79records79of79internal79structures79of79the79body79by79passa
ge79of79x-
79rays7 9 or7 9 gamma7 9 rays7 9 through7 9 the7 9 body.7 9 These7 9 records7 9 or7 9 images7 9 are7 9 typi
cally7 9 referred7 9 t79o79a79s79radiographs.
REF: p.7 9 4
2. Particular79care79must79be79taken79when79using79radiation79for79medical79imaging.79This79is79
the79result79of79radiation’s79ability79to79create
in7 9 human7 9 tissue7 9 and7 9 possible7 9 biochemical7 9 changes
.
a. ionizations
b. radio7 9 waves
c. sound7 9 waves
d. thermal7 9 changes
ANS: A
Some7 9 forms7 9 of7 9 electromagnetic7 9 energy,7 9 including7 9 x-
rays,79have79the79ability79to79ionize79atoms79in79matter.79These79ionizations79have79the79abilit
y79to79disru79pt79 the79 composition79 of79 matter79 and79 are79 capable79 of79 disrupting79 life79 pro
cesses.79 Special79 protect
i7 9 on79should79be79provided79to79prevent7 9 excessive79exposure79to79ionizing79r
adiation.79REF: p.793
3. In79the79diagnosis79of79patient79disease79states,79physicians79can79select79from79an79array79of7
9medical79diagnostic79modalities.79A79few79of79these79involve79the79use79of79ionizing79energ
y79to79create79a79medi79cal79image.79If79a79physician79is79concerned79about79the79use79of79ioni
zing79radiation,79he79or79she79may79choose79to79order79any79of79the79following79diagnostic79
modalities79EXCEPT
a. thermograms.
b. medical7 9 sonography.
c. radiography.
d. magnetic7 9 resonance7 9 imaging.
ANS: C
Radiography7 9 involves7 9 the7 9 use7 9 of7 9 x-
rays79 for79 the79 production79 of79 medical79 images.79 Medical79 procedures79 such7 9 as79 thermograms,79 so
o79 grams,79 and79 magnetic79 resonance79 scans79 use79 nonionizing79 energy79 forms79 and79 consequently79
o7 9 not79produce79ionizations79in79human79tissue.79They79are79regarded79as79nonionizing79mo
dalities79f79or79i79maging79and79offer79excellent79alternatives79to79physicians79concerned79abo
ut79radiation79expo79sure79t79o79patients.
, REF: pp.7 9 3-4
4. The79Greek79physician79Hippocrates79is79regarded79as79the79father79of79Western79medicin
e.79All79of7 9 t79he79following79choices79represent79his79medical79beliefs79EXCEPT79the
a. use7 9 of7 9 high7 9 ethical7 9 standards7 9 of7 9 conduct.
b. important7 9 medical7 9 value7 9 of7 9 sorcery7 9 and7 9 witchcraft.
c. importance79 of7 9 closely7 9 monitoring7 9 a7 9 patient’s7 9 condition7 9 and7 9 recovery.
d. value7 9 of7 9 diet7 9 and7 9 exercise7 9 and7 9 allowing7 9 nature7 9 to7 9 take7 9 its7 9 course7 9 in7 9 recovery.
ANS: B
The7 9 Hippocratic7 9 Corpus7 9 is7 9 writings7 9 that7 9 they7 9 emphasize7 9 rational7 9 and7 9 natural7 9 e
xplanations79f79or79the79treatment79 of79disease79and79 reject79sorcery79and79magic.79The79Hip
pocratic79oath79still79 gove7 9 r7 9 ns79the79ethical79conduct79of79physicians79today.
REF: p.7 9 5
5. Throughout79the79history79of79medicine,79remarkable79achievements79have79been79recorde
d.79The7 9 s79e79events79have79led79to79our79current79understanding79of79the79human79organi
sm79 and79disease.79A7 9 s7 9 this79research79continues,7 9 much79of79it79will79most79likely79f
ocus79on
a. proper7 9 sanitation7 9 and7 9 public7 9 health.
b. immunology7 9 and7 9 the7 9 development7 9 of7 9 vaccines.
c. germ7 9 theory7 9 and7 9 infection.
d. human7 9 genes7 9 and7 9 genetic7 9 engineering.
ANS: D
Although79the79Human79Genome79Project79is79finished,79analyses79of79the79data79will79contin
ue79for7 9 m79any7 9 years.7 9 The7 9 replacement7 9 of7 9 faulty7 9 genes7 9 through7 9 gene7 9 therapy7 9 o
ffers7 9 promises7 9 of7 9 cure79s79for79a79variety79of79hereditary79diseases,79and79through79genetic
79engineering,79important79pharma79ceuticals7 9 continue7 9 to7 9 be7 9 developed.7 9 Medical7 9 res
earch7 9 will7 9 continue7 9 to7 9 focus7 9 on7 9 the7 9 gene79ti79c79code79in79all79cells.
REF: p.7 9 6
6. Wilhelm79 C.79 Roentgen’s79 discovery79of79―the79 x-
ray‖79is79regarded79as79one79of79medicine’s79most79significant79achievements.79Although79his
79disco79very79was79accidental,79his79early79research79was79so79thorough79that79no79significan
t79findings79have79been79added79to79his79original79theories.79This79in79itself79is79a79true79tribut
e79to79the79brilliance79of79Ro79entgen7 9 as7 9 a7 9 scientist.7 9 One7 9 of7 9 the7 9 most7 9 famous7 9 e
arly7 9 images7 9 he7 9 created7 9 was7 9 an7 9 x-
ray7 9 image7 9 of7 9 his
a. colon.
b. laboratory79assistant’s79foot.
c. wife’s79hand.
d. kidneys.
ANS: C
November798,791895,79is79believed79by79historians79to79be79the79day79that79Roentgen79created
79the79famo79us79image79of79the79hand79of79his79wife.79Through79his79investigative79methods,
79Roentgen79identified79the79properties79of79x-rays.
REF: p.7 9 6
