SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔How much blood can a healthy person lose? - ✔✔- the loss of 10-15 % of total blood
volume without causing medical issues
- blood donations typically take 8-10% of blood volume
✔✔Describe treatment for superficial burns - ✔✔cooling water may provide pain relief
and prevent damage
✔✔Describe the treatment for partial thickness burns - ✔✔- cleaning may be required
with soap and water
- apply dressing
- ok to leave blisters intact
✔✔Describe the treatment for full thickness burns - ✔✔- extensive burns often require
large amounts of IV fluids
- the inflammatory response can cause significant capillary fluid leakage and edema
- infection is often a complication
✔✔Describe bursitis - ✔✔Inflammation of the small sacs of synovial fluid located near
the joint.
✔✔How is bursitis treated? - ✔✔- bursae should be aspirated to rule out infection
- uninfected bursitis is treated with RICE, physiotherapy, NSAIDS
- Infected bursae need antibiotics and steroids
- sometimes surgery is necessary
✔✔Describe symptoms of MI in an elderly diabetic female - ✔✔- dyspnea, weakness,
fatigue
- fatigue, sleep disturbance, dyspnea can precede MI by as much as one month
- some experience back or jaw pain
✔✔What diagnostic studies help confirm the patient has CHF? - ✔✔- brain natriuretic
peptide (BNP) produced mainly in the cardiac ventricles of humans
- CMP
- chest X-ray
- eval lower extremities for edema
✔✔Describe conjunctivitis - ✔✔Conjunctivitis, or pinkeye, is inflammation of the
conjunctiva, generally caused by a pathogenic infection or by physical, allergic, or
chemical irritation of the conjunctival surface. The most obvious sign of conjunctivitis,
redness, results from the dilation of blood vessels deep to the conjunctival epithelium
- usually a viral infection
, ✔✔Describe herpes of the eye - ✔✔- consists of linear branching corneal ulcer
- during eye exam stained with fluorescein dye
- patients with epitheal keratitis complain of foreign-body sensation, light sensitivity,
redness and blurred vision
- focal or diffuse reduction in corneal sensation develops following recurrent epithelial
keratitis
✔✔The FNP has diagnosed the patient with herpes of the eye, what's the next step? -
✔✔- Opthalmic emergency
- Do not treat
- Consult opthalmology
✔✔What follow up question should the FNP ask for an eye injury? - ✔✔- Always ask
someone with conjunctivitis if they have recently injured their eye or if they wear contact
lenses
- Fluorescein dye is used with a woods lamp
- If the injury is from a tree branch or any vegetation, do not patch the eye
- Ophthalmic emergency
- Refer out for foreign body which is embedded in the eye
✔✔When conducting a biopsy what should the FNP complete first? - ✔✔- always
measure nevus or what you are biopsying and record
✔✔What objective tests are conducted when Bell's Palsy is diagnosed? - ✔✔- eyebrow
raise
- smile
✔✔What is the treatment for an acute asthma attack? - ✔✔- Duoneb, albuterol
2.5mg/ml and atrovent .5mg
- then up to three albuterol nebulizers
- O2 may be needed
- solumedrol injection
- monitor for tachycardia
✔✔Is an I&D in primary care a sterile procedure? - ✔✔often not a sterile procedure
✔✔What clinical prediction rule is used when DVT is suspected? - ✔✔- Wells score
- D-dimer test (high sensitivity)
✔✔What type of imaging is used to diagnose DVT? - ✔✔ultrasound of suspected veins
✔✔How is DVT treated? - ✔✔- commonly treated outpatient
- lovenox injections BID for a few days plus coumadin and then coumadin alone
- INR is required (should be between 2.0-3.0)
- coumadin diet