MedConnoisseurg©g2022
,Chapterg01:gHealth:gAgCommunitygViewgNies:
Community/PublicgHealthgNursing,g8thgEdition
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. Whichgbestgdescribesgthegprimarygreasongtha
tgAmericansgaregconcernedgaboutghealthgcar
e?
a. Politiciansgaregdiscussingghowgtogimproveghealt
hgcare.
b. Thegmediaghasgprovidedgmixedgmessagesgaboutgth
eghealthgcaregsystem.
c. Ourgnationalghealthgcaregcostsgkeepgincreasing.
d. Thegnewghealthgcaregsystemgoffersgfreegservicesgt
ogAmericans.
ANS:g C
Thegprimarygreasongforgthegfocusgonghealthgcaregisgthegconstantlygincreasinggcosts,gwhichgca
nnotgbegsustained.gThegcostsgofgcaringgforgthegsickgaccountedgforgthegmajoritygofgescalatinggh
ealthgcaregdollars,gwhichgincreasedgfromg5.7%gofgtheggrossgdomesticgproductging1965gtog17.8
%ging2015.gPoliticiansgandgthegmediagbothginfluencegAmericans’gperceptionsgaboutghealthgca
re;ghowever,gtheygaregnotgthegprimarygreasongwhygAmericansgaregconcerned.gThegnewghealthg
caregsystemgwillgchangegtheghealthgcaregaccessgandgavailability,gbutgwillgnotgnecessarilygbego
fferingganygfreegservicesgtogAmericans.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gUnderstandg(Comprehension)
2. Agnurseghasgbegungtoglobbygwithgpoliticiansgforgchangesgtogtheghealthgcaregsystem.gWhygisgth
isginvolvementgimportant?
a. Nurses,gasgcentralgcharactersgingseveralgpopulargTVgseries,garegcurrentlygver
ygvisiblegingAmericangm ed iNa.
b. NursesgaregprimarilygresponUsibSle gfoNrgmTanagingOthe gvariousgunitsgingourghealthgcare
system.
c. Nursesgaregtheglargestgsegmentgofghealthgcaregproviders.
d. Nursesgaregthegonlyggroupgthatgisgemployedgbothginsidegandgoutsidegofghospitals.
ANS:g C
Asgtheglargestgsegmentgofghealthgcaregproviders,gnursesgareginformedgaboutgthegcurrentghealth
gcaregsystemgandgallgthegproblemsgthatgresultgfromgpeoplegnotgseekinggcareguntilgtheygaregdes
peratelygill.gNurses,gasgthegAmericangNursesgAssociationg(ANA)gemphasize,gusuallygbelieveg
thatghealthgcaregisgagright,gnotgagprivilege.gTherefore,gnurses,gwhosegworkgisgcentralgtogourgcu
rrentghealthgcaregdeliverygsystem,gcangalsogbeginstrumentalgingworkinggpoliticallygtogcreategag
healthgcaregdeliverygsystemgthatgwillgmeetghealthgneeds.gWhilegnursesgaregingseveralgcurrentg
TVgseriesgandgaregemployedgbothginsidegandgoutsidegofghospitals,gphysiciansgandgotherghealth
gcaregprovidersgaregasgwell.gNursesgaregoftengmanagers,gbutgmanagersgoftenghavegothergbackg
rounds,gsuchgasgbusinessgadministration.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gUnderstandg(Comprehension)
3. Whatgconclusiongcangbegdrawngfromgexamininggwheregnursesgaregemployed?
a. Theregisgagtrendgtowardgconsolidationgofghealthgcaregintoglargegcentralgmedical
MedConnoisseurg©g2022
, centers.
b. Theregisgangincreasedgemphasisgongcommunity-basedghealthgcare.
c. Theregisgangobviousgneedgtogdecreaseghealthgcaregcostsgbygcuttinggpositions.
d. Managedgcaregorganizationsg(MCOs)garegemployinggnursesgtogimprovegcustomer
relations.
ANS:g B
MCOsgaregemployinggnursesgingmanygcapacities.gAlthoughghospitalsgaregclosinggandgacutegcar
egisgincreasinglygfoundgingcentralgmedicalgcenters,gthegsamegtrendgmaygbegseengingangincreaseg
ingneighborhood-
basedgpracticegcenters.gWhilegpositionsgaregcutgingmostgindustries,ghealthgcaregisgrecognizedga
sgangareagwhereggrowthgingemploymentgisgexpected.gHowever,gnursesgaregincreasinglygemplo
yedgingcommunitygsettingsgasgopposedgtoghospitals.gThisgchangegreflectsgthegmovegtowardgco
mmunity-basedgcaregrathergthanghospital-
basedgtertiarygcare.gToghelpgdecreasegthegcontinuedgriseginghealthgcaregcosts,gthegincreasedgem
phasisgisgongdiseasegpreventiongrathergthanghigh-costgtreatment.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gUnderstandg(Comprehension)
4. Whichgethicalgbeliefgwouldgbegmostghelpfulgingthegcurrentghealthgcaregcrisis?
a. Emphasisgshouldgbegongindividualgandgcorporationgfreedomgingthegmarketplace.
b. Emphasisgshouldgbegongindividualgautonomygandgfreedomgofgchoice.
c. Emphasisgshouldgbegongsocialgjusticegandgcollectivegresponsibility.
d. Emphasisgshouldgbegongthegeffectivenessgofgtechnologygingresolvinggproblems.
ANS:g C
Publicghealthgrecognizesgthegnecessitygofgcollectivegactiongingkeepinggthegenvironmentgsafegan
dgingegalitariangtraditiongandgvision.gAngoverinvestmentgingtechnologygandgseekinggofgcuresg
withingthegmarketgjusticegsystemghasgstifledgthegevolutiongofgaghealthgsystemgtogprotectgandgp
reservegtheghealthgofgthegpopulation.gAlthoughgindividualgautonomygandgfreedomgofgchoicega
regimportant,gsogisgthegrecognitiongofgcollectivegresponsibilitygingensuringgsocialgjustice,gwhic
hgentitlesgallgpeoplegtogbasicgnecessities.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gApplyg(Application)
5. WhatgisgthegprimarygproblemgseengingHealthygPeopleg2020’sgemphasisgongchoosingghealth
yglifestylegbehaviors,gsuchgasgdailygexercisegorghealthygfoodgchoices?
a. Emphasisgongotherglifestylegchoices,gsuchgasgnotgsmokinggandgminimalgusego
fgalcoholgorgdrugs,gisgalsogneeded.
b. Allgofgusgmustgworkgtogethergtogmakegunhealthygbehaviorsgsociallygunacceptable.
c. Itgcostsgmoregtogmakeghealthygchoices,gsuchgasgbuyinggandgeatinggfreshgfruitsgan
dgvegetablesgasgopposedgtogquickgandgcheapgfast-foodgchoices.
d. Publicgpolicygemphasizesgpersonalgresponsibilitygbutgignoresgsocialgan
dgenvironmentalgchangesgneededgforgwell-being.
ANS:g D
Althoughgallgresponsesgaregaccurate,gthegprimarygproblemgisgthegemphasisgongpersonalgchoice
sgingthegHealthygPeopleg2020gobjectives.gEmphasisgongpersonalgchoicesgignoresgthegneedgforg
communitygresponsibilitygandgactiongthatgaddressesgenvironmentalgorgculturalgrestraintsgtoghe
alth.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gApplyg(Application)
6. WhatgresponsibilitygdoesgthegAmericangNursesgAssociationg(ANA)gCodegofgEthicsgrequirego
fgthegnursegbeyondggivinggexcellentgcaregtogpatients?
MedConnoisseurg©g2022
, a. Acceptglongergworkgschedulesgtogensuregthatgprofessionalgcaregisgalwaysgavailable
togclients.
b. Recognizegthegneedgforgexperiencedgnursesgtogmentorgnewggraduatesgtoghel
pgincreasegandgexpandgthegnumbergofgprofessionalsgavailable.
c. Supportghealthglegislationgtogimprovegaccessibilitygandgcostgofghealthgcare.
d. Volunteergtogworkgovertimegasgneededgtogensuregmaximumgqualitygofgcare.
ANS:g C
ThegANAgCodegofgEthicsgpromotesgsocialgreformgbygfocusinggonghealthgpolicygandglegislatio
ngtogpositivelygaffectgaccessibility,gquality,gandgcostgofghealthgcare.gThegcodegdoesgnotgdirectl
ygaddressgworkplacegissues,gsuchgasgworkgschedulesgorgneedgforgovertime.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gAnalyzeg(Analysis)
7. Whatgisgthegcommunityghealthgnursinggdefinitiongofghealth?
a. Healthgisgagperson’sggoal-directedgpurposefulgprocessgtowardgwell-
beinggorgwholeness.
b. Healthgisgangindividual’sgphysical,gmental,gandgsocialgwell-
being,gnotgmerelygthegabsencegofgdiseasegorginfirmity.
c. Healthgisgthegmutualgadaptationgbetweengagpersongandghisgorghergenvironmentgi
ngmeetinggdailygexistence.
d. Healthgisgfamiliesgandgaggregatesgchoosinggactionsgtogensuregsafetygandgwell-being.
ANS:g D
Thegtextgstressesgthatghealthgisgnotgjustgthegresultgofgangindividual’sgchoices,gbutgchoicesgandga
ctionsgofgindividuals,gfamilies,ggroups,gandgcommunitiesgthatgleadgtogbetterghealth.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gApplyg(Application)
8. Howgdoesgcommunityghealthgnursinggdefinegcommunity?
a. Aggroupgofgpersonsglivinggwithingspecificggeographicgboundaries
b. Aggroupgofgpersonsgwhogsharegagcommongidentitygandgenvironment
c. Aggroupgofgpersonsgwhogworkgtogethergtogmeetgcommonggoals
d. Aggroupgofgpersonsgwhogresolvegagcommunitygconcern
ANS:g B
Communityghealthgnursesgworkgwithgbothggeopoliticalggroupsg(withingspecificggeographicgbo
undaries)gandgphenomenologicalggroupsg(whoghavegagcommongidentitygbasedgongculture,ghist
ory,gorggoals).gAgparticulargphenomenologicalggroupgmaygorgmaygnotghavegbeengagplannedggr
oup—
thatgis,gaggroupgthatgcamegtogethergtogresolvegagrecognizedgcommongproblemgorgtogmeetgagco
mmonggoal.gHowever,gofgallgthegchoices,gaggroupgofgpersonsgwhogsharegagcommongidentityg(
phenomenologicalggroup)gandgenvironmentg(whichgimpliesgagspecificggeographicgsetting)gisgt
hegbroadestgandgmostgcompletegdefinition.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gApplyg(Application)
9. Whichgvariableghasgagmajorginfluencegongagcommunity’sghealth?
a. Behaviorgchoicesgmadegbygpersonsgingthegcommunity
b. Numbergofghealthgcaregprovidersgandghospitalsgingthegcommunity
c. Qualitygofgthegpublicgsafetygofficersg(policegofficers,gfirefighters,getc.)
d. Thegnumbergandgcredentialsgofgpublicghealthgofficialsgingthegcommunity
ANS:g A
MedConnoisseurg©g2022
,Chapterg01:gHealth:gAgCommunitygViewgNies:
Community/PublicgHealthgNursing,g8thgEdition
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. Whichgbestgdescribesgthegprimarygreasongtha
tgAmericansgaregconcernedgaboutghealthgcar
e?
a. Politiciansgaregdiscussingghowgtogimproveghealt
hgcare.
b. Thegmediaghasgprovidedgmixedgmessagesgaboutgth
eghealthgcaregsystem.
c. Ourgnationalghealthgcaregcostsgkeepgincreasing.
d. Thegnewghealthgcaregsystemgoffersgfreegservicesgt
ogAmericans.
ANS:g C
Thegprimarygreasongforgthegfocusgonghealthgcaregisgthegconstantlygincreasinggcosts,gwhichgca
nnotgbegsustained.gThegcostsgofgcaringgforgthegsickgaccountedgforgthegmajoritygofgescalatinggh
ealthgcaregdollars,gwhichgincreasedgfromg5.7%gofgtheggrossgdomesticgproductging1965gtog17.8
%ging2015.gPoliticiansgandgthegmediagbothginfluencegAmericans’gperceptionsgaboutghealthgca
re;ghowever,gtheygaregnotgthegprimarygreasongwhygAmericansgaregconcerned.gThegnewghealthg
caregsystemgwillgchangegtheghealthgcaregaccessgandgavailability,gbutgwillgnotgnecessarilygbego
fferingganygfreegservicesgtogAmericans.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gUnderstandg(Comprehension)
2. Agnurseghasgbegungtoglobbygwithgpoliticiansgforgchangesgtogtheghealthgcaregsystem.gWhygisgth
isginvolvementgimportant?
a. Nurses,gasgcentralgcharactersgingseveralgpopulargTVgseries,garegcurrentlygver
ygvisiblegingAmericangm ed iNa.
b. NursesgaregprimarilygresponUsibSle gfoNrgmTanagingOthe gvariousgunitsgingourghealthgcare
system.
c. Nursesgaregtheglargestgsegmentgofghealthgcaregproviders.
d. Nursesgaregthegonlyggroupgthatgisgemployedgbothginsidegandgoutsidegofghospitals.
ANS:g C
Asgtheglargestgsegmentgofghealthgcaregproviders,gnursesgareginformedgaboutgthegcurrentghealth
gcaregsystemgandgallgthegproblemsgthatgresultgfromgpeoplegnotgseekinggcareguntilgtheygaregdes
peratelygill.gNurses,gasgthegAmericangNursesgAssociationg(ANA)gemphasize,gusuallygbelieveg
thatghealthgcaregisgagright,gnotgagprivilege.gTherefore,gnurses,gwhosegworkgisgcentralgtogourgcu
rrentghealthgcaregdeliverygsystem,gcangalsogbeginstrumentalgingworkinggpoliticallygtogcreategag
healthgcaregdeliverygsystemgthatgwillgmeetghealthgneeds.gWhilegnursesgaregingseveralgcurrentg
TVgseriesgandgaregemployedgbothginsidegandgoutsidegofghospitals,gphysiciansgandgotherghealth
gcaregprovidersgaregasgwell.gNursesgaregoftengmanagers,gbutgmanagersgoftenghavegothergbackg
rounds,gsuchgasgbusinessgadministration.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gUnderstandg(Comprehension)
3. Whatgconclusiongcangbegdrawngfromgexamininggwheregnursesgaregemployed?
a. Theregisgagtrendgtowardgconsolidationgofghealthgcaregintoglargegcentralgmedical
MedConnoisseurg©g2022
, centers.
b. Theregisgangincreasedgemphasisgongcommunity-basedghealthgcare.
c. Theregisgangobviousgneedgtogdecreaseghealthgcaregcostsgbygcuttinggpositions.
d. Managedgcaregorganizationsg(MCOs)garegemployinggnursesgtogimprovegcustomer
relations.
ANS:g B
MCOsgaregemployinggnursesgingmanygcapacities.gAlthoughghospitalsgaregclosinggandgacutegcar
egisgincreasinglygfoundgingcentralgmedicalgcenters,gthegsamegtrendgmaygbegseengingangincreaseg
ingneighborhood-
basedgpracticegcenters.gWhilegpositionsgaregcutgingmostgindustries,ghealthgcaregisgrecognizedga
sgangareagwhereggrowthgingemploymentgisgexpected.gHowever,gnursesgaregincreasinglygemplo
yedgingcommunitygsettingsgasgopposedgtoghospitals.gThisgchangegreflectsgthegmovegtowardgco
mmunity-basedgcaregrathergthanghospital-
basedgtertiarygcare.gToghelpgdecreasegthegcontinuedgriseginghealthgcaregcosts,gthegincreasedgem
phasisgisgongdiseasegpreventiongrathergthanghigh-costgtreatment.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gUnderstandg(Comprehension)
4. Whichgethicalgbeliefgwouldgbegmostghelpfulgingthegcurrentghealthgcaregcrisis?
a. Emphasisgshouldgbegongindividualgandgcorporationgfreedomgingthegmarketplace.
b. Emphasisgshouldgbegongindividualgautonomygandgfreedomgofgchoice.
c. Emphasisgshouldgbegongsocialgjusticegandgcollectivegresponsibility.
d. Emphasisgshouldgbegongthegeffectivenessgofgtechnologygingresolvinggproblems.
ANS:g C
Publicghealthgrecognizesgthegnecessitygofgcollectivegactiongingkeepinggthegenvironmentgsafegan
dgingegalitariangtraditiongandgvision.gAngoverinvestmentgingtechnologygandgseekinggofgcuresg
withingthegmarketgjusticegsystemghasgstifledgthegevolutiongofgaghealthgsystemgtogprotectgandgp
reservegtheghealthgofgthegpopulation.gAlthoughgindividualgautonomygandgfreedomgofgchoicega
regimportant,gsogisgthegrecognitiongofgcollectivegresponsibilitygingensuringgsocialgjustice,gwhic
hgentitlesgallgpeoplegtogbasicgnecessities.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gApplyg(Application)
5. WhatgisgthegprimarygproblemgseengingHealthygPeopleg2020’sgemphasisgongchoosingghealth
yglifestylegbehaviors,gsuchgasgdailygexercisegorghealthygfoodgchoices?
a. Emphasisgongotherglifestylegchoices,gsuchgasgnotgsmokinggandgminimalgusego
fgalcoholgorgdrugs,gisgalsogneeded.
b. Allgofgusgmustgworkgtogethergtogmakegunhealthygbehaviorsgsociallygunacceptable.
c. Itgcostsgmoregtogmakeghealthygchoices,gsuchgasgbuyinggandgeatinggfreshgfruitsgan
dgvegetablesgasgopposedgtogquickgandgcheapgfast-foodgchoices.
d. Publicgpolicygemphasizesgpersonalgresponsibilitygbutgignoresgsocialgan
dgenvironmentalgchangesgneededgforgwell-being.
ANS:g D
Althoughgallgresponsesgaregaccurate,gthegprimarygproblemgisgthegemphasisgongpersonalgchoice
sgingthegHealthygPeopleg2020gobjectives.gEmphasisgongpersonalgchoicesgignoresgthegneedgforg
communitygresponsibilitygandgactiongthatgaddressesgenvironmentalgorgculturalgrestraintsgtoghe
alth.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gApplyg(Application)
6. WhatgresponsibilitygdoesgthegAmericangNursesgAssociationg(ANA)gCodegofgEthicsgrequirego
fgthegnursegbeyondggivinggexcellentgcaregtogpatients?
MedConnoisseurg©g2022
, a. Acceptglongergworkgschedulesgtogensuregthatgprofessionalgcaregisgalwaysgavailable
togclients.
b. Recognizegthegneedgforgexperiencedgnursesgtogmentorgnewggraduatesgtoghel
pgincreasegandgexpandgthegnumbergofgprofessionalsgavailable.
c. Supportghealthglegislationgtogimprovegaccessibilitygandgcostgofghealthgcare.
d. Volunteergtogworkgovertimegasgneededgtogensuregmaximumgqualitygofgcare.
ANS:g C
ThegANAgCodegofgEthicsgpromotesgsocialgreformgbygfocusinggonghealthgpolicygandglegislatio
ngtogpositivelygaffectgaccessibility,gquality,gandgcostgofghealthgcare.gThegcodegdoesgnotgdirectl
ygaddressgworkplacegissues,gsuchgasgworkgschedulesgorgneedgforgovertime.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gAnalyzeg(Analysis)
7. Whatgisgthegcommunityghealthgnursinggdefinitiongofghealth?
a. Healthgisgagperson’sggoal-directedgpurposefulgprocessgtowardgwell-
beinggorgwholeness.
b. Healthgisgangindividual’sgphysical,gmental,gandgsocialgwell-
being,gnotgmerelygthegabsencegofgdiseasegorginfirmity.
c. Healthgisgthegmutualgadaptationgbetweengagpersongandghisgorghergenvironmentgi
ngmeetinggdailygexistence.
d. Healthgisgfamiliesgandgaggregatesgchoosinggactionsgtogensuregsafetygandgwell-being.
ANS:g D
Thegtextgstressesgthatghealthgisgnotgjustgthegresultgofgangindividual’sgchoices,gbutgchoicesgandga
ctionsgofgindividuals,gfamilies,ggroups,gandgcommunitiesgthatgleadgtogbetterghealth.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gApplyg(Application)
8. Howgdoesgcommunityghealthgnursinggdefinegcommunity?
a. Aggroupgofgpersonsglivinggwithingspecificggeographicgboundaries
b. Aggroupgofgpersonsgwhogsharegagcommongidentitygandgenvironment
c. Aggroupgofgpersonsgwhogworkgtogethergtogmeetgcommonggoals
d. Aggroupgofgpersonsgwhogresolvegagcommunitygconcern
ANS:g B
Communityghealthgnursesgworkgwithgbothggeopoliticalggroupsg(withingspecificggeographicgbo
undaries)gandgphenomenologicalggroupsg(whoghavegagcommongidentitygbasedgongculture,ghist
ory,gorggoals).gAgparticulargphenomenologicalggroupgmaygorgmaygnotghavegbeengagplannedggr
oup—
thatgis,gaggroupgthatgcamegtogethergtogresolvegagrecognizedgcommongproblemgorgtogmeetgagco
mmonggoal.gHowever,gofgallgthegchoices,gaggroupgofgpersonsgwhogsharegagcommongidentityg(
phenomenologicalggroup)gandgenvironmentg(whichgimpliesgagspecificggeographicgsetting)gisgt
hegbroadestgandgmostgcompletegdefinition.
DIF: CognitivegLevel:gApplyg(Application)
9. Whichgvariableghasgagmajorginfluencegongagcommunity’sghealth?
a. Behaviorgchoicesgmadegbygpersonsgingthegcommunity
b. Numbergofghealthgcaregprovidersgandghospitalsgingthegcommunity
c. Qualitygofgthegpublicgsafetygofficersg(policegofficers,gfirefighters,getc.)
d. Thegnumbergandgcredentialsgofgpublicghealthgofficialsgingthegcommunity
ANS:g A
MedConnoisseurg©g2022
