PEDIATRICS HESI EXAM WITH 400
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
2025 - 2026
QUESTIONThe nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-
year-old with cystic fibrosis about respiratory
treatments. Which statement indicates to the nurse
that the parents understand?
Perform postural drainage before starting aerosol
therapy.
Give respiratory treatments when the child is
coughing a lot.
Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural
drainage before meals.
Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any
respiratory infection. - answer-Administer aerosol
therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is
most effective when performed after nebulization
,and before meals (C) or at least 1 hour after eating
to prevent nausea and vomiting. Postural drainage
uses gravity to promote mucous removal after
nebulization (A) treatments which open the airways.
Pulmonary toileting or respiratory treatments
should be given 3 to 4 times daily, not episodically
(B and D).
A 6-month-old infant with congestive heart failure
(CHF) is receiving digoxin elixir. Which observation
by the nurse warrants immediate intervention?
Apical heart rate of 60.
Sweating across the forehead.
Doesn't suck well.
Respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute. -
answer-Apical heart rate of 60.
A heart rate of 60 (A) is much lower than normal for
a 6-month-old and warrants immediate
intervention. The normal heart rate for a 6-month-
old is 80 to 150 BPM when awake, and a rate of 70
,while sleeping is considered within normal limits.
(B and C) are expected symptoms of heart failure in
an infant. (D) is within normal limits for an infant.
QUESTIONA female teenager is taking oral
tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris.
What is the most important instruction for the nurse
to include in this client's teaching plan?
Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Cleanse the skin at least 4 times a day.
Take the medication with a glass of milk.
Menstrual periods may become irregular. -
answer-Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Photosensitivity is a common side effect of
tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) therapy. Severe
sunburn can occur with minimal sun exposure and
clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and to
use sunscreen (A). (B and D) are not related to
tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) therapy. (C) should
, be avoided because dairy products interfere with
the absorption of tetracyclines.
QUESTIONWhat preoperative nursing intervention
should be included in the plan of care for an infant
with pyloric stenosis?
Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
Place in a supine position after feeding.
Observe for projectile vomiting. - answer-Observe
for projectile vomiting.
Projectile vomiting (D), which contributes to
metabolic alkalosis (A), is the classic sign of pyloric
stenosis. (B) is not indicated. (C) is dangerous, due
to the potential for aspiration with frequent
vomiting.
QUESTIONAn infant is born with a ventricular septal
defect (VSD) and surgery is planned to correct the
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
2025 - 2026
QUESTIONThe nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-
year-old with cystic fibrosis about respiratory
treatments. Which statement indicates to the nurse
that the parents understand?
Perform postural drainage before starting aerosol
therapy.
Give respiratory treatments when the child is
coughing a lot.
Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural
drainage before meals.
Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any
respiratory infection. - answer-Administer aerosol
therapy followed by postural drainage before meals.
Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is
most effective when performed after nebulization
,and before meals (C) or at least 1 hour after eating
to prevent nausea and vomiting. Postural drainage
uses gravity to promote mucous removal after
nebulization (A) treatments which open the airways.
Pulmonary toileting or respiratory treatments
should be given 3 to 4 times daily, not episodically
(B and D).
A 6-month-old infant with congestive heart failure
(CHF) is receiving digoxin elixir. Which observation
by the nurse warrants immediate intervention?
Apical heart rate of 60.
Sweating across the forehead.
Doesn't suck well.
Respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute. -
answer-Apical heart rate of 60.
A heart rate of 60 (A) is much lower than normal for
a 6-month-old and warrants immediate
intervention. The normal heart rate for a 6-month-
old is 80 to 150 BPM when awake, and a rate of 70
,while sleeping is considered within normal limits.
(B and C) are expected symptoms of heart failure in
an infant. (D) is within normal limits for an infant.
QUESTIONA female teenager is taking oral
tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris.
What is the most important instruction for the nurse
to include in this client's teaching plan?
Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Cleanse the skin at least 4 times a day.
Take the medication with a glass of milk.
Menstrual periods may become irregular. -
answer-Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Photosensitivity is a common side effect of
tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) therapy. Severe
sunburn can occur with minimal sun exposure and
clients should be instructed to avoid sunlight and to
use sunscreen (A). (B and D) are not related to
tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) therapy. (C) should
, be avoided because dairy products interfere with
the absorption of tetracyclines.
QUESTIONWhat preoperative nursing intervention
should be included in the plan of care for an infant
with pyloric stenosis?
Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
Place in a supine position after feeding.
Observe for projectile vomiting. - answer-Observe
for projectile vomiting.
Projectile vomiting (D), which contributes to
metabolic alkalosis (A), is the classic sign of pyloric
stenosis. (B) is not indicated. (C) is dangerous, due
to the potential for aspiration with frequent
vomiting.
QUESTIONAn infant is born with a ventricular septal
defect (VSD) and surgery is planned to correct the
