NR566 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 WITH
ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
|CURRENTLY TESTING QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|ALREADY GRADED A+ |JUST
RELEASED!!|GUARANTEED PASS
1. Which physiologic change in older adults MOST increases the risk for adverse drug reactions?
A. Increased gastric pH
B. Decreased hepatic blood flow
C. Decreased renal clearance
D. Increased body fat
Answer: C
Rationale: Reduced GFR and renal blood flow slow drug elimination, causing accumulation
and toxicity—especially with renally cleared medications (e.g., metformin, digoxin).
2. Bioavailability refers to the:
A. Time required for peak effect
B. Percentage of unchanged drug reaching systemic circulation
C. Drug distribution to tissues
D. Drug half-life
Answer: B
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,3. A medication with a narrow therapeutic index requires:
A. Standard dosing
B. Minimal monitoring
C. Frequent serum level monitoring
D. Higher loading doses
Answer: C
4. Which route of administration bypasses first-pass hepatic metabolism?
A. Oral
B. Rectal
C. Sublingual
D. Enteral feeding tube
Answer: C
5. Stimulation of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors results in:
A. Bronchodilation
B. Vasoconstriction
C. Decreased heart rate
D. Decreased blood pressure
Answer: B
6. Which beta blocker is NON-selective?
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,A. Metoprolol
B. Atenolol
C. Propranolol
D. Bisoprolol
Answer: C
Rationale: Non-selective beta blockers block β1 and β2 receptors and may worsen
asthma/COPD.
7. Beta-2 receptor stimulation causes:
A. Bronchoconstriction
B. Vasoconstriction
C. Bronchodilation
D. Bradycardia
Answer: C
8. ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure primarily by:
A. Blocking calcium channels
B. Increasing sodium excretion directly
C. Preventing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
D. Decreasing heart rate
Answer: C
9. A patient on lisinopril develops facial and tongue swelling. This indicates:
A. Allergic rash
B. Hyperkalemia
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, C. Angioedema
D. Orthostatic hypotension
Answer: C
Rationale: ACE-inhibitor-induced angioedema is life-threatening and requires permanent
discontinuation.
10. Which medication improves mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
(HFrEF)?
A. Verapamil
B. Diltiazem
C. Metoprolol succinate
D. Nifedipine
Answer: C
11. Thiazide diuretics become ineffective when eGFR is below:
A. 60 mL/min
B. 45 mL/min
C. 30 mL/min
D. 15 mL/min
Answer: C
12. ARBs are preferred over ACE inhibitors in patients who develop:
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Angioedema
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ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
|CURRENTLY TESTING QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|ALREADY GRADED A+ |JUST
RELEASED!!|GUARANTEED PASS
1. Which physiologic change in older adults MOST increases the risk for adverse drug reactions?
A. Increased gastric pH
B. Decreased hepatic blood flow
C. Decreased renal clearance
D. Increased body fat
Answer: C
Rationale: Reduced GFR and renal blood flow slow drug elimination, causing accumulation
and toxicity—especially with renally cleared medications (e.g., metformin, digoxin).
2. Bioavailability refers to the:
A. Time required for peak effect
B. Percentage of unchanged drug reaching systemic circulation
C. Drug distribution to tissues
D. Drug half-life
Answer: B
1|Page
,3. A medication with a narrow therapeutic index requires:
A. Standard dosing
B. Minimal monitoring
C. Frequent serum level monitoring
D. Higher loading doses
Answer: C
4. Which route of administration bypasses first-pass hepatic metabolism?
A. Oral
B. Rectal
C. Sublingual
D. Enteral feeding tube
Answer: C
5. Stimulation of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors results in:
A. Bronchodilation
B. Vasoconstriction
C. Decreased heart rate
D. Decreased blood pressure
Answer: B
6. Which beta blocker is NON-selective?
2|Page
,A. Metoprolol
B. Atenolol
C. Propranolol
D. Bisoprolol
Answer: C
Rationale: Non-selective beta blockers block β1 and β2 receptors and may worsen
asthma/COPD.
7. Beta-2 receptor stimulation causes:
A. Bronchoconstriction
B. Vasoconstriction
C. Bronchodilation
D. Bradycardia
Answer: C
8. ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure primarily by:
A. Blocking calcium channels
B. Increasing sodium excretion directly
C. Preventing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
D. Decreasing heart rate
Answer: C
9. A patient on lisinopril develops facial and tongue swelling. This indicates:
A. Allergic rash
B. Hyperkalemia
3|Page
, C. Angioedema
D. Orthostatic hypotension
Answer: C
Rationale: ACE-inhibitor-induced angioedema is life-threatening and requires permanent
discontinuation.
10. Which medication improves mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
(HFrEF)?
A. Verapamil
B. Diltiazem
C. Metoprolol succinate
D. Nifedipine
Answer: C
11. Thiazide diuretics become ineffective when eGFR is below:
A. 60 mL/min
B. 45 mL/min
C. 30 mL/min
D. 15 mL/min
Answer: C
12. ARBs are preferred over ACE inhibitors in patients who develop:
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Angioedema
4|Page
