BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition TEST BANK EXAM MODULE 6

2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition TEST
BANK EXAM MODULE 6


DESCRIPTION


Module 6 focuses on kidney structure and function, urine formation,

electrolyte regulation, body fluid compartments, hormonal control of fluid

balance, and acid–base homeostasis. The questions cover filtration, reabsorption,

secretion, nephron physiology, hormones like ADH and aldosterone, pH balance,

and clinical concepts like dehydration, acidosis, and electrolyte disorders.


Topics: The Urinary System, Fluid & Electrolyte Balance, and Acid–Base

Regulation




QUESTIONS


1. Which structure is the functional unit of the kidney?


A. Nephron

B. Ureter

C. Glomerulus

,2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition TEST
BANK EXAM MODULE 6
D. Loop of Henle

Answer: A

Explanation:

The nephron performs filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.




2. Where does filtration occur?


A. Distal tubule

B. Glomerulus

C. Collecting duct

D. Loop of Henle

Answer: B

Explanation:

The glomerulus filters blood into the Bowman’s capsule.




3. Which force promotes filtration?

,2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition TEST
BANK EXAM MODULE 6
A. Capsular pressure

B. Blood hydrostatic pressure

C. Osmotic pressure

D. ADH

Answer: B




4. Which hormone increases water reabsorption?


A. Aldosterone

B. ANP

C. ADH

D. PTH

Answer: C

Explanation:

ADH inserts aquaporins into collecting ducts to retain water.




5. Aldosterone primarily increases reabsorption of:

, 2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition TEST
BANK EXAM MODULE 6
A. Potassium

B. Sodium

C. Glucose

D. Urea

Answer: B




6. Which electrolyte is most abundant inside cells?


A. Sodium

B. Chloride

C. Potassium

D. Calcium

Answer: C




7. The majority of body water is found in the:


A. Plasma

B. Interstitial fluid