2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition
MODULE 1-6 STUDY GUIDE FINAL
EXAM (Portage Learning)
BIOD121 provides a clear and practical overview of human nutrition, including
how the body digests, absorbs, and uses nutrients for energy, growth, and health.
The course covers major nutrient categories (carbohydrates, proteins, fats,
vitamins, minerals, and water), the digestive system, energy metabolism, and
dietary guidelines. Students also learn about nutrient functions, deficiency risks,
chronic disease prevention, and nutritional needs across the lifespan. By the end of
the course, learners gain a solid foundation in the science of nutrition and its role in
supporting overall wellness.
QUESTIONS
Which of the following best defines nutrition?
A) The process of eating only organic foods
B) The study of how food affects the body and health
C) The practice of dieting to lose weight
D) The measurement of body weight only
Answer: B
1|Page
,2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition
MODULE 1-6 STUDY GUIDE FINAL
EXAM (Portage Learning)
Hunger is best described as:
A) A psychological desire to eat
B) The physiological need for food
C) Eating for pleasure
D) A craving for sweets
Answer: B
Appetite differs from hunger because it is:
A) A physiological signal
B) A psychological desire for food
C) Controlled by the stomach’s emptying
D) Driven by blood sugar levels only
Answer: B
Macronutrients are nutrients that:
A) Are needed in large amounts and provide energy
B) Include vitamins and minerals
C) Are only found in plant foods
2|Page
,2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition
MODULE 1-6 STUDY GUIDE FINAL
EXAM (Portage Learning)
D) Do not contribute calories
Answer: A
Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Vitamin C
Answer: D
Micronutrients include:
A) Carbohydrates and fats
B) Vitamins and minerals
C) Water and fiber
D) Protein and sugar
Answer: B
Which nutrient provides the highest amount of energy per gram?
A) Carbohydrate
3|Page
, 2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition
MODULE 1-6 STUDY GUIDE FINAL
EXAM (Portage Learning)
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Vitamin A
Answer: C
Which hormone increases pancreatic bicarbonate release?
A. Gastrin
B. Secretin
C. Ghrelin
D. Insulin
Answer: B – Secretin neutralizes stomach acid entering the duodenum.
Pancreatic amylase digests:
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Starch
D. Fiber
Answer: C – Converts starch to maltose.
4|Page
MODULE 1-6 STUDY GUIDE FINAL
EXAM (Portage Learning)
BIOD121 provides a clear and practical overview of human nutrition, including
how the body digests, absorbs, and uses nutrients for energy, growth, and health.
The course covers major nutrient categories (carbohydrates, proteins, fats,
vitamins, minerals, and water), the digestive system, energy metabolism, and
dietary guidelines. Students also learn about nutrient functions, deficiency risks,
chronic disease prevention, and nutritional needs across the lifespan. By the end of
the course, learners gain a solid foundation in the science of nutrition and its role in
supporting overall wellness.
QUESTIONS
Which of the following best defines nutrition?
A) The process of eating only organic foods
B) The study of how food affects the body and health
C) The practice of dieting to lose weight
D) The measurement of body weight only
Answer: B
1|Page
,2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition
MODULE 1-6 STUDY GUIDE FINAL
EXAM (Portage Learning)
Hunger is best described as:
A) A psychological desire to eat
B) The physiological need for food
C) Eating for pleasure
D) A craving for sweets
Answer: B
Appetite differs from hunger because it is:
A) A physiological signal
B) A psychological desire for food
C) Controlled by the stomach’s emptying
D) Driven by blood sugar levels only
Answer: B
Macronutrients are nutrients that:
A) Are needed in large amounts and provide energy
B) Include vitamins and minerals
C) Are only found in plant foods
2|Page
,2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition
MODULE 1-6 STUDY GUIDE FINAL
EXAM (Portage Learning)
D) Do not contribute calories
Answer: A
Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Vitamin C
Answer: D
Micronutrients include:
A) Carbohydrates and fats
B) Vitamins and minerals
C) Water and fiber
D) Protein and sugar
Answer: B
Which nutrient provides the highest amount of energy per gram?
A) Carbohydrate
3|Page
, 2025 BIOD121 Essentials in Nutrition
MODULE 1-6 STUDY GUIDE FINAL
EXAM (Portage Learning)
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Vitamin A
Answer: C
Which hormone increases pancreatic bicarbonate release?
A. Gastrin
B. Secretin
C. Ghrelin
D. Insulin
Answer: B – Secretin neutralizes stomach acid entering the duodenum.
Pancreatic amylase digests:
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Starch
D. Fiber
Answer: C – Converts starch to maltose.
4|Page
