Pathopharm Exam 2 With Ques ons And Answers
2025/2026
A client with diabetes mellitus complains of difficulty seeing. Which factor would the nurse
suspect as being the cause?
a. lack of glucose in the re na
b. the growth of new re na blood vessels or "neovasculariza on"
c. inadequate glucose supply to rods and cones
d. destruc ve effect of ketones on re nal metabolism - correct answers b. the growth of new
re na blood vessels or "neovasculariza on"
an adolescent with a history of type 1 diabetes is admi ed in ketoacidosis. which cause would
the nurse suspect as precipita ng the episode of ketoacidosis.
a. infec on
b. increased exercise
c. recent weight loss
d. overdose of insulin - correct answers a. infec on
which is the priority concern of a 10-year-old child who was recently diagnosed with type 2
diabetes?
a. how much school might be missed
b. whether the diabetes can be controlled
c. how a parent will react to the diagnosis
,d. whether having diabetes means future sterility - correct answers a. how much school might
be missed
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
Which assessment finding would the nurse associate with a client with diabe c ketoacidosis?
a. diaphoresis
b. re nopathy
c. acetone breath
d. increased arterial bicarbonate level
e. decreased arterial carbon dioxide level - correct answers c, e
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A client is taught how to recognize signs of hypoglycemic reac on. which symptoms iden fied
by the client indicate to the nurse that the teaching was effec ve?
a. fa gue
b. nausea
c. weakness
d. nervousness
e. increased thirst
f. increased perspira on - correct answers a, c, d, f
which cause of tremors, pallor, and diaphoresis would be suspected in a client with type 1
diabetes?
a. overea ng
b. viral infec on
c. aerobic exercise
d. missed insulin dose - correct answers c. aerobic exercise
,SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
which responses would the nurse expect a client experiencing hypoglycemia to exhibit?
a. nausea
b. palpa ons
c. tachycardia
d. nervousness
e. warm, dry skin
f. increased respira ons - correct answers b, c, d
which results would the nurse expect to find when assessing the laboratory values of a client
with type 2 diabetes?
a. ketones in the blood but not in the urine
b. glucose in the urine but not in the blood
c. urine and blood posi ve for glucose and ketones
d. urine nega ve for ketones and posi ve glucose in the blood - correct answers d. urine
nega ve for ketones and posi ve glucose in the blood
which ini al response would the nurse make to a 67-year-old man with type 2 diabetes who
sadly confides in the nurse that he has been unable to have an erec on for several years?
a. 'at your age, sex isn't that important'
b. 'that is a natural occurrence at your age'
c. ' you sound upset about not being able to have an erec on'
d. 'maybe it's me for you to speak to your primary health care provider about this' - correct
answers c. ' you sound upset about not being able to have an erec on'
which eye problem is the leading cause of blindness in clients with diabetes?
, a. cataracts
b. glaucoma
c. re nopathy
d. as gma sm - correct answers c. re nopathy
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
which client is at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus?
a. 15-year-old male who plays video games 6 hours per day
b. 36-year-old female with a history of gesta onal diabetes
c. 47-year-old male who weighs 250 pounds and is 5'9" tall
d. 28-year-old female with polycys c ovarian syndrome (POS)
e. 60-year-old male of na ve american decent who abuses alcohol - correct answers a, b, c, d, e
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
which child would the nurse recommend screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus during a local
health screening?
a. child who recently turned 10 years old, has not yet entered puberty, and has no other risk
factors
b. 7-year-old child, body mass index (BMI) in the 80th percen le, no other risk factors
c. african-american child, BMI in the 87th percen le, family history of diabetes
d. 9-year-old hispanic child, BMI in the 90th percen le, no other risk factors
e. caucasian child, BMI in the 96th percen le, signs of insulin resistance - correct answers a, c, e
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
the nurse is providing instruc ons about foot care for a client with diabetes mellitus. which
would the nurse include in the instruc ons?
a. wear shoes when out of bed
2025/2026
A client with diabetes mellitus complains of difficulty seeing. Which factor would the nurse
suspect as being the cause?
a. lack of glucose in the re na
b. the growth of new re na blood vessels or "neovasculariza on"
c. inadequate glucose supply to rods and cones
d. destruc ve effect of ketones on re nal metabolism - correct answers b. the growth of new
re na blood vessels or "neovasculariza on"
an adolescent with a history of type 1 diabetes is admi ed in ketoacidosis. which cause would
the nurse suspect as precipita ng the episode of ketoacidosis.
a. infec on
b. increased exercise
c. recent weight loss
d. overdose of insulin - correct answers a. infec on
which is the priority concern of a 10-year-old child who was recently diagnosed with type 2
diabetes?
a. how much school might be missed
b. whether the diabetes can be controlled
c. how a parent will react to the diagnosis
,d. whether having diabetes means future sterility - correct answers a. how much school might
be missed
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
Which assessment finding would the nurse associate with a client with diabe c ketoacidosis?
a. diaphoresis
b. re nopathy
c. acetone breath
d. increased arterial bicarbonate level
e. decreased arterial carbon dioxide level - correct answers c, e
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A client is taught how to recognize signs of hypoglycemic reac on. which symptoms iden fied
by the client indicate to the nurse that the teaching was effec ve?
a. fa gue
b. nausea
c. weakness
d. nervousness
e. increased thirst
f. increased perspira on - correct answers a, c, d, f
which cause of tremors, pallor, and diaphoresis would be suspected in a client with type 1
diabetes?
a. overea ng
b. viral infec on
c. aerobic exercise
d. missed insulin dose - correct answers c. aerobic exercise
,SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
which responses would the nurse expect a client experiencing hypoglycemia to exhibit?
a. nausea
b. palpa ons
c. tachycardia
d. nervousness
e. warm, dry skin
f. increased respira ons - correct answers b, c, d
which results would the nurse expect to find when assessing the laboratory values of a client
with type 2 diabetes?
a. ketones in the blood but not in the urine
b. glucose in the urine but not in the blood
c. urine and blood posi ve for glucose and ketones
d. urine nega ve for ketones and posi ve glucose in the blood - correct answers d. urine
nega ve for ketones and posi ve glucose in the blood
which ini al response would the nurse make to a 67-year-old man with type 2 diabetes who
sadly confides in the nurse that he has been unable to have an erec on for several years?
a. 'at your age, sex isn't that important'
b. 'that is a natural occurrence at your age'
c. ' you sound upset about not being able to have an erec on'
d. 'maybe it's me for you to speak to your primary health care provider about this' - correct
answers c. ' you sound upset about not being able to have an erec on'
which eye problem is the leading cause of blindness in clients with diabetes?
, a. cataracts
b. glaucoma
c. re nopathy
d. as gma sm - correct answers c. re nopathy
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
which client is at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus?
a. 15-year-old male who plays video games 6 hours per day
b. 36-year-old female with a history of gesta onal diabetes
c. 47-year-old male who weighs 250 pounds and is 5'9" tall
d. 28-year-old female with polycys c ovarian syndrome (POS)
e. 60-year-old male of na ve american decent who abuses alcohol - correct answers a, b, c, d, e
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
which child would the nurse recommend screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus during a local
health screening?
a. child who recently turned 10 years old, has not yet entered puberty, and has no other risk
factors
b. 7-year-old child, body mass index (BMI) in the 80th percen le, no other risk factors
c. african-american child, BMI in the 87th percen le, family history of diabetes
d. 9-year-old hispanic child, BMI in the 90th percen le, no other risk factors
e. caucasian child, BMI in the 96th percen le, signs of insulin resistance - correct answers a, c, e
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
the nurse is providing instruc ons about foot care for a client with diabetes mellitus. which
would the nurse include in the instruc ons?
a. wear shoes when out of bed
