pathophysiology midterm exam (Nightingale
college midterm exam) questions and answers
2025\2026 A+ Grade
When a baby has been identified as having featal exposure to alcohol, which assesment parameter
should be concidered
A. low birth rate
B. mental retardation
C. facial anomalies
D. All of the above
- correct answer D. All of the above
A nurse documents tattooing and stippling in a trauma patient which type of injury does the patient
have?
- correct answer Gunshot wounds tattooing and stapling are caused by gunpowder and occur on the skin
surrounding the entrance wound.
The nurse is caring for a new mother who just gave birth to a baby with Down syndrome. The nurse
explains that this syndrome is a result of trisomy with which chromosome?
- correct answer Chromsome 21
A couple has two offspring's one child has an autosomal recessive disease trait and one is normal what
most likely conclusion can the nurse make about the parents?
- correct answer both parents could be Carriers
If an Ovum has chromosomal nondisjunction which condition could result in the embryo?
- correct answer Monosomies and trisomies
If the patient has liquefactive necrosis which organ should the nurse assess first?
- correct answer Brain
, hypoxic injury to the brain results in liquefactive necrosis because the central nervous system contains
little connective tissue.
A nurse recalls that adaptive cellular mechanisms function too
- correct answer protect cells from injury adaptive cellular mechanisms actually help cells adjust to
environmental changes thereby protecting them from injury and death
The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive
inheritance which is most likely the diagnosis for the patient?
- correct answer cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease
Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol injury
- correct answer Liver
Which of the following statements by a clinician about mutations is correct
Mutations always lead to genetic disease
A. Mutations always lead to genetic disease
B. spontaneous mutations occur as a result of exposure to a mutagen
C. mutations are alterations in a normal DNA sequence
D. Mutations are always inherited
- correct answer C.
The nurse in the genetic clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to progressive dementia in
middle to late adulthood. Which disease is the nurse most likely referring to?
- correct answer Huntington disease
When the clinician is discussing the DNA Helix which information should be included? In the DNA Helix
guanine pairs with:
- correct answer Cytosine
When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap), which medical term should the nurse
document in the chart?
A. Contusion
college midterm exam) questions and answers
2025\2026 A+ Grade
When a baby has been identified as having featal exposure to alcohol, which assesment parameter
should be concidered
A. low birth rate
B. mental retardation
C. facial anomalies
D. All of the above
- correct answer D. All of the above
A nurse documents tattooing and stippling in a trauma patient which type of injury does the patient
have?
- correct answer Gunshot wounds tattooing and stapling are caused by gunpowder and occur on the skin
surrounding the entrance wound.
The nurse is caring for a new mother who just gave birth to a baby with Down syndrome. The nurse
explains that this syndrome is a result of trisomy with which chromosome?
- correct answer Chromsome 21
A couple has two offspring's one child has an autosomal recessive disease trait and one is normal what
most likely conclusion can the nurse make about the parents?
- correct answer both parents could be Carriers
If an Ovum has chromosomal nondisjunction which condition could result in the embryo?
- correct answer Monosomies and trisomies
If the patient has liquefactive necrosis which organ should the nurse assess first?
- correct answer Brain
, hypoxic injury to the brain results in liquefactive necrosis because the central nervous system contains
little connective tissue.
A nurse recalls that adaptive cellular mechanisms function too
- correct answer protect cells from injury adaptive cellular mechanisms actually help cells adjust to
environmental changes thereby protecting them from injury and death
The nurse is caring for a patient with a genetic disease that is transmitted through autosomal recessive
inheritance which is most likely the diagnosis for the patient?
- correct answer cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease
Which organ is most frequently affected by chronic alcohol injury
- correct answer Liver
Which of the following statements by a clinician about mutations is correct
Mutations always lead to genetic disease
A. Mutations always lead to genetic disease
B. spontaneous mutations occur as a result of exposure to a mutagen
C. mutations are alterations in a normal DNA sequence
D. Mutations are always inherited
- correct answer C.
The nurse in the genetic clinic is describing a genetic disease that leads to progressive dementia in
middle to late adulthood. Which disease is the nurse most likely referring to?
- correct answer Huntington disease
When the clinician is discussing the DNA Helix which information should be included? In the DNA Helix
guanine pairs with:
- correct answer Cytosine
When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap), which medical term should the nurse
document in the chart?
A. Contusion
