NURS 6630 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM 2 VERSIONS ACTUAL
MIDTERM EXAM SUMMER QRT| MOST
RECENT WALDEN
UNIVERSITY|AGRADED
A spasm of the extraocular muscles causing an upward and outward position of the
eyes (possible extrapyramidal symptom associated with typical antipscyhotics can occur
within hours to days of treatment): - Answer-Oculogyric Crisis
This extrapyramidal symptom involves a feeling of restlessness and an urge to move
the limbs. It can occur within a few days to a month of Typical Antipsychotic use: -
Answer-Akathisia
This extrapyramidal symptom is characterized by muscle rigidity (usually in the facial
muscles, giving the face a wooden mask-like appearance), bradykinesia, and tremors. It
can occur within a few days to a month of Typical Antipsychotic use: - Answer-
Pseudoparkinsonism
This extrapyramidal symptom is characterized by constant, involuntary, rhythmic
movements. usually of the perioral muscles, causing a person to involuntarily smack or
purse their lips. It can occur within a few months to years of Typical Antipsychotic use: -
Answer-Tardive Dyskinesia
Unlike more acute extrapyramidal symptoms, this one can be irreversible and so the
antipscyhotic should be discontinued at the first sign: - Answer-Tardive Dyskinesia
The most dangerous and severe extrapyramidal symptom that typically occurs within
days or weeks of starting a Typical Antipsychotic: - Answer-Neuroleptic Malignant
Syndrome
Seven symptoms associated with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: - Answer-confusion,
coma, agitation, muscle rigidity, seizures, hyperthermia, and hyporeflexia
This syndrome consists of confusion, coma, agitation, muscle rigidity, seizures,
hyperthermia, and HYPOreflexia: - Answer-Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (caused by
antipsychotics)
, The two distinctions between Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and Serotonin
Syndrome: - Answer-HYPOreflexia and NORMAL pupils vs HYPERreflexia and
DILATED pupils
Advanced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome can cause: - Answer-Rhabdomyolysis
Treatment of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome consists of: - Answer-Dantrolene (muscle
relaxant) and Dopamine agonists (bromocriptine)
Less severe neurotransmitter side effects of Typical Antipsychotics include: - Answer-
ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION (Alpha-1 receptor inhibition), ANTICHOLINERGIC
SIDE EFFECTS (muscarinic receptor inhibition), and SEDATION (H1 receptor
inhibition).
Which Typical Antipsychotics have a stronger sedating effect but less extrapyramidal
side effects? Low potency or High potency Typical Antipsychotics: - Answer-Low
potency
Metabolic side effects of Typical Antipsychotics include: - Answer-Weight gain,
dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia
Cardiac side effects of Typical Antipsychotics include: - Answer-Prolongation of the QT
interval (normal = 0.4-0.44 seconds)
Typical Antipsychotic, chlorpromazine specific side effects: - Answer-Corneal deposits
Typical Antipsychotic, thioridazine specific side effects: - Answer-Retinal deposits
Block Dopamine D2 receptors in the Mesolimbic pathway to alleviate positive symptoms
of psychosis (hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thoughts) and block Serotonin 5-
HT2A receptors in the Mesocortical pathway that usually prevent Dopamine release
from dopaminergic neurons, thus increasing mesolimbic dopamine levels and improving
negative symptoms of psychosis (lack of motivation, social withdrawal, and flat affect): -
Answer-Atypical Antipsychotics
Which type of Antipsychotics are preferred? Typical (first-generation) or Atypical
(second generation): - Answer-Atypical (second generation)
Eight common Atypical Antipsychotics: - Answer-clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine,
paliperidone, risperidone, lurasidone, ziprasidone, aripiprazole
This Atypical Antipsychotic uniquely partially stimulates D2 and 5-HT1 receptors: -
Answer-Aripiprazole
Five other indications for Atypical Antipsychotics: - Answer-Bipolar disorder, OCD,
Anxiety, Depression, Tourette Syndrome
MIDTERM EXAM 2 VERSIONS ACTUAL
MIDTERM EXAM SUMMER QRT| MOST
RECENT WALDEN
UNIVERSITY|AGRADED
A spasm of the extraocular muscles causing an upward and outward position of the
eyes (possible extrapyramidal symptom associated with typical antipscyhotics can occur
within hours to days of treatment): - Answer-Oculogyric Crisis
This extrapyramidal symptom involves a feeling of restlessness and an urge to move
the limbs. It can occur within a few days to a month of Typical Antipsychotic use: -
Answer-Akathisia
This extrapyramidal symptom is characterized by muscle rigidity (usually in the facial
muscles, giving the face a wooden mask-like appearance), bradykinesia, and tremors. It
can occur within a few days to a month of Typical Antipsychotic use: - Answer-
Pseudoparkinsonism
This extrapyramidal symptom is characterized by constant, involuntary, rhythmic
movements. usually of the perioral muscles, causing a person to involuntarily smack or
purse their lips. It can occur within a few months to years of Typical Antipsychotic use: -
Answer-Tardive Dyskinesia
Unlike more acute extrapyramidal symptoms, this one can be irreversible and so the
antipscyhotic should be discontinued at the first sign: - Answer-Tardive Dyskinesia
The most dangerous and severe extrapyramidal symptom that typically occurs within
days or weeks of starting a Typical Antipsychotic: - Answer-Neuroleptic Malignant
Syndrome
Seven symptoms associated with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: - Answer-confusion,
coma, agitation, muscle rigidity, seizures, hyperthermia, and hyporeflexia
This syndrome consists of confusion, coma, agitation, muscle rigidity, seizures,
hyperthermia, and HYPOreflexia: - Answer-Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (caused by
antipsychotics)
, The two distinctions between Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and Serotonin
Syndrome: - Answer-HYPOreflexia and NORMAL pupils vs HYPERreflexia and
DILATED pupils
Advanced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome can cause: - Answer-Rhabdomyolysis
Treatment of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome consists of: - Answer-Dantrolene (muscle
relaxant) and Dopamine agonists (bromocriptine)
Less severe neurotransmitter side effects of Typical Antipsychotics include: - Answer-
ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION (Alpha-1 receptor inhibition), ANTICHOLINERGIC
SIDE EFFECTS (muscarinic receptor inhibition), and SEDATION (H1 receptor
inhibition).
Which Typical Antipsychotics have a stronger sedating effect but less extrapyramidal
side effects? Low potency or High potency Typical Antipsychotics: - Answer-Low
potency
Metabolic side effects of Typical Antipsychotics include: - Answer-Weight gain,
dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia
Cardiac side effects of Typical Antipsychotics include: - Answer-Prolongation of the QT
interval (normal = 0.4-0.44 seconds)
Typical Antipsychotic, chlorpromazine specific side effects: - Answer-Corneal deposits
Typical Antipsychotic, thioridazine specific side effects: - Answer-Retinal deposits
Block Dopamine D2 receptors in the Mesolimbic pathway to alleviate positive symptoms
of psychosis (hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thoughts) and block Serotonin 5-
HT2A receptors in the Mesocortical pathway that usually prevent Dopamine release
from dopaminergic neurons, thus increasing mesolimbic dopamine levels and improving
negative symptoms of psychosis (lack of motivation, social withdrawal, and flat affect): -
Answer-Atypical Antipsychotics
Which type of Antipsychotics are preferred? Typical (first-generation) or Atypical
(second generation): - Answer-Atypical (second generation)
Eight common Atypical Antipsychotics: - Answer-clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine,
paliperidone, risperidone, lurasidone, ziprasidone, aripiprazole
This Atypical Antipsychotic uniquely partially stimulates D2 and 5-HT1 receptors: -
Answer-Aripiprazole
Five other indications for Atypical Antipsychotics: - Answer-Bipolar disorder, OCD,
Anxiety, Depression, Tourette Syndrome
