B IO 201 LAB PRACTICAL #1
com plete ver ifi ed solu tions +
r ationales (PASS
GUARANTEED)
Simple Squamous Epithelium - answer Appearance: one-layer thick, flat
cells bulging at nucleus
Functions: allows for rapid diffusion or transport of substances through
membrane
Locations: alveoli (air sacs) of lungs, kidneys, blood vessels, gastro-
intestinal tract
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium - answer Appearance: one-layer thick, cube-
shaped, sometimes pyramidal around a central shape (lumen)
Functions: absorption, secretion, and movement of mucus
Locations: liver, thyroid, salivary glands, kidney tubules
Simple Columnar Epithelium - answer Appearance: one-layer thick, long
rectangular or cylindrical cells, often have microvilli on apical surface
Functions: absorption, secretion, and movement of mucus; movement
of egg in uterine tubes
Locations: gastrointestinal tract, uterus, and uterine tubes
,Pseudo-stratified Ciliate Epithelium - answer Appearance: appears multi
layered however only one-layer thick (some cells do not reach the free
surface), rectangular or cylindrical-shaped, often ciliated and contain
goblet cells
Functions: secretes and propels mucus
Locations: respiratory tract, portions of male urethra
Stratified Squamous Epithelium - answer Keratinized Stratified
Squamous Epithelium
Appearance: multi-layered, cells become increasingly flat towards
surface, surface contains layer of compact dead cells without nuclei
Functions: resist abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms;
prevents water loss
Locations: epidermis, heavily keratinized at palms of hands and soles of
feet
Non-keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Appearance: multi-layered, cells become increasingly flat towards
surface
Functions: resist abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms
Locations: tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus, anal canal, and vagina
,Transitional Epithelium - answer Transitional Epithelium
Appearance: multi-layered, cells at apical surface are rounded
Functions: stretches to permit distension; protects underlying
epithelium from acidic urine
Locations: urinary tract (kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra); umbilical cord
Areolar Tissue - answer Appearance: loose arrangement of collagenous
and elastic fibers; numerous blood vessels
Functions: loosely bind epithelia to deeper tissues; allows passage of
nerves/blood vessels to other tissues
Locations: underlying nearly all epithelia; fascia between muscles;
mesenteries (intestines); visceral layers of pericardium (heart sac) and
pleura (lungs)
Adipose Connective Tissue - answer Appearance: adipocytes—large,
empty-looking cells with thin margins; nucleus pressed to plasma
membrane while lipid occupies majority of cell
Functions: energy storage; insulation; protective cushion
Locations: subcutaneous fat beneath skin; breasts; heart surface;
mesenteries (intestines); surrounding eyes and kidneys
Reticular Tissue - answer Appearance: loose network of reticular fibers
and cells; numerous leukocytes (immune cells)
Functions: forms framework of lymphatic organs
, Locations: lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow
Dense Regular Connective Tissue - answer Appearance: densely packed,
parallel, often wavy collagen fibers; slender fibroblast nuclei;
Functions: bind bone to bone (ligaments); bind bone to muscle
(tendons)
Locations: ligaments and tendons
Hyaline Cartilage - answer Appearance: clear, glassy matrix;
chondrocytes enclosed in lacunae; typically covered in perichondrium
Functions: eases joint movements; supports airway during respiration;
moves vocal cords during speech; precursor of bone in fetal skeleton
and growth zones of children
Locations: ends of long bones; supportive rings around trachea and
bronchi; larynx (voice box); costal cartilage connecting the ribs to the
sternum
Elastic Cartilage - answer Appearance: elastic fibers form web-like mesh
amid lacunae
Functions: provides flexibility and elastic support
Locations: auricle (external ear); epiglottis
Fibrocartilage - answer Appearance: parallel collagen fibers; rows of
chondrocytes in lacunae between collagen fibers
com plete ver ifi ed solu tions +
r ationales (PASS
GUARANTEED)
Simple Squamous Epithelium - answer Appearance: one-layer thick, flat
cells bulging at nucleus
Functions: allows for rapid diffusion or transport of substances through
membrane
Locations: alveoli (air sacs) of lungs, kidneys, blood vessels, gastro-
intestinal tract
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium - answer Appearance: one-layer thick, cube-
shaped, sometimes pyramidal around a central shape (lumen)
Functions: absorption, secretion, and movement of mucus
Locations: liver, thyroid, salivary glands, kidney tubules
Simple Columnar Epithelium - answer Appearance: one-layer thick, long
rectangular or cylindrical cells, often have microvilli on apical surface
Functions: absorption, secretion, and movement of mucus; movement
of egg in uterine tubes
Locations: gastrointestinal tract, uterus, and uterine tubes
,Pseudo-stratified Ciliate Epithelium - answer Appearance: appears multi
layered however only one-layer thick (some cells do not reach the free
surface), rectangular or cylindrical-shaped, often ciliated and contain
goblet cells
Functions: secretes and propels mucus
Locations: respiratory tract, portions of male urethra
Stratified Squamous Epithelium - answer Keratinized Stratified
Squamous Epithelium
Appearance: multi-layered, cells become increasingly flat towards
surface, surface contains layer of compact dead cells without nuclei
Functions: resist abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms;
prevents water loss
Locations: epidermis, heavily keratinized at palms of hands and soles of
feet
Non-keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Appearance: multi-layered, cells become increasingly flat towards
surface
Functions: resist abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms
Locations: tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus, anal canal, and vagina
,Transitional Epithelium - answer Transitional Epithelium
Appearance: multi-layered, cells at apical surface are rounded
Functions: stretches to permit distension; protects underlying
epithelium from acidic urine
Locations: urinary tract (kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra); umbilical cord
Areolar Tissue - answer Appearance: loose arrangement of collagenous
and elastic fibers; numerous blood vessels
Functions: loosely bind epithelia to deeper tissues; allows passage of
nerves/blood vessels to other tissues
Locations: underlying nearly all epithelia; fascia between muscles;
mesenteries (intestines); visceral layers of pericardium (heart sac) and
pleura (lungs)
Adipose Connective Tissue - answer Appearance: adipocytes—large,
empty-looking cells with thin margins; nucleus pressed to plasma
membrane while lipid occupies majority of cell
Functions: energy storage; insulation; protective cushion
Locations: subcutaneous fat beneath skin; breasts; heart surface;
mesenteries (intestines); surrounding eyes and kidneys
Reticular Tissue - answer Appearance: loose network of reticular fibers
and cells; numerous leukocytes (immune cells)
Functions: forms framework of lymphatic organs
, Locations: lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow
Dense Regular Connective Tissue - answer Appearance: densely packed,
parallel, often wavy collagen fibers; slender fibroblast nuclei;
Functions: bind bone to bone (ligaments); bind bone to muscle
(tendons)
Locations: ligaments and tendons
Hyaline Cartilage - answer Appearance: clear, glassy matrix;
chondrocytes enclosed in lacunae; typically covered in perichondrium
Functions: eases joint movements; supports airway during respiration;
moves vocal cords during speech; precursor of bone in fetal skeleton
and growth zones of children
Locations: ends of long bones; supportive rings around trachea and
bronchi; larynx (voice box); costal cartilage connecting the ribs to the
sternum
Elastic Cartilage - answer Appearance: elastic fibers form web-like mesh
amid lacunae
Functions: provides flexibility and elastic support
Locations: auricle (external ear); epiglottis
Fibrocartilage - answer Appearance: parallel collagen fibers; rows of
chondrocytes in lacunae between collagen fibers
