uncw bio 202 exam 1 Questions
and answ er s w ith accur ate
r ationales(PASSED)
What are the stages of how life got started? - answer 1. Nucleotides &
amino acids were produced prior to the existence of cells.
2. Organic polymers may have formed on the surface of clay
3. Cell-like structures may have originated when polymers were
enclosed by a boundary
4. Polymers enclosed in membranes acquired cellular properties
What are the 3 hypotheses on how nucleotides and amino acids were
produced prior to the existence of cells? - answer 1. Reducing
Atmosphere Hypothesis
2. Extraterrestrial Hypothesis
3. Deep-sea Vent Hypothesis
What is a protobiont? - answer A self organized, spherical collection of
lipids (natural oils, waxes, and steroids)
What are the 4 characteristics of a protobiont? - answer 1. Membrane
separating internal contents from environment
,2. Internal polymers contain info (RNA)
3. Polymers with some kind of metabolism
4. Ability to self replicate
RNA: 1st macromolecule in protobionts characteristics - answer -can
store info in nucleotides
-self replicate
-catalyze chemical reactions
-combines properties otherwise found in DNA and proteins
Precambrian Eons: - answer Hadean, Archaean, Proterozoic
Major Environmental Changes (5) - answer 1. Atmosphere
2. Landmasses
3. Floods & Glaciations
4. Volcanic Eruptions
5. Meteorite Impacts
Prokaryotes - answer Archaean Eon (3.8-2.5 bya)
little O2= anaerobic respiration
autotrophs
, heterotrophs
Autotrophs - answer derive energy from light or chemicals
Heterotrophs - answer eat other organisms for energy; rely on
autotrophs for the production of food
Eukaryotes - answer Proterozoic Eon (2.5 bya - 543 mya)
have DNA in nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts
Heterotrophs first? - answer Archaeans living around deep sea vents
Chemosynthesis is basis of energy in these systems
Autotrophs first? - answer Cyanobacteria in stromatolites
Produce O2 as a waste product of photosynthesis
high O2 levels doomed anaerobic species; promoted evolution of
aerobic species
First multicellular organism appeared when and resembled what? -
answer 1.5 bya; fossils resemble modern red algae
and answ er s w ith accur ate
r ationales(PASSED)
What are the stages of how life got started? - answer 1. Nucleotides &
amino acids were produced prior to the existence of cells.
2. Organic polymers may have formed on the surface of clay
3. Cell-like structures may have originated when polymers were
enclosed by a boundary
4. Polymers enclosed in membranes acquired cellular properties
What are the 3 hypotheses on how nucleotides and amino acids were
produced prior to the existence of cells? - answer 1. Reducing
Atmosphere Hypothesis
2. Extraterrestrial Hypothesis
3. Deep-sea Vent Hypothesis
What is a protobiont? - answer A self organized, spherical collection of
lipids (natural oils, waxes, and steroids)
What are the 4 characteristics of a protobiont? - answer 1. Membrane
separating internal contents from environment
,2. Internal polymers contain info (RNA)
3. Polymers with some kind of metabolism
4. Ability to self replicate
RNA: 1st macromolecule in protobionts characteristics - answer -can
store info in nucleotides
-self replicate
-catalyze chemical reactions
-combines properties otherwise found in DNA and proteins
Precambrian Eons: - answer Hadean, Archaean, Proterozoic
Major Environmental Changes (5) - answer 1. Atmosphere
2. Landmasses
3. Floods & Glaciations
4. Volcanic Eruptions
5. Meteorite Impacts
Prokaryotes - answer Archaean Eon (3.8-2.5 bya)
little O2= anaerobic respiration
autotrophs
, heterotrophs
Autotrophs - answer derive energy from light or chemicals
Heterotrophs - answer eat other organisms for energy; rely on
autotrophs for the production of food
Eukaryotes - answer Proterozoic Eon (2.5 bya - 543 mya)
have DNA in nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts
Heterotrophs first? - answer Archaeans living around deep sea vents
Chemosynthesis is basis of energy in these systems
Autotrophs first? - answer Cyanobacteria in stromatolites
Produce O2 as a waste product of photosynthesis
high O2 levels doomed anaerobic species; promoted evolution of
aerobic species
First multicellular organism appeared when and resembled what? -
answer 1.5 bya; fossils resemble modern red algae
