Exam 1 Nagelhout Questions and Answers |Latest Version 2025/2026

Exam 1 Nagelhout Questions and Answers |Latest Version 2025/2026 What are the renal effects of all anesthetics except nitrous oxide? - answer-decrease blood pressure decrease renal blood flow decrease GFR decrease UO What anesthetic is associated with hepatotoxicity in adults but not children? - answer-Halothane What inhalation anesthetics trigger malignant hyperthermia and are contraindicated? - answer-All except nitrous oxide This inhalation anesthetic blocks DNA and RNA synthesis. - answer-Nitrous Oxide How does Nitrous Oxide block DNA & RNA production? - answer-oxidies the Cobalt atom on Vitamin B12 inhibits methionine synthetase What patients are at risk with Nitrous oxide due to possible prior Cobalamin Deficiency? - answer-(1) Nutritional disorders - elderly, vegans, and alcoholics (2) Malabsorption disorders - prolonged use of proton pump inhibitors (H2 antagonists), pernicious anemia, atrophic gastritis, postgastrectomy, Crohn's disease (3) Infection - bacterial overgrowth, tapeworm What are the absolute contraindications to Nitrous Oxide? - answer-(1) Known deficiency of enzyme or substrate in methionine synthase pathway (2) Potential toxicity from expansion of gas filled space - emphysema, pneumothorax, middle ear, surgery, pneumocephalus, air embolus (3) Raised intracranial pressureWhat are the relative contraindications to Nitrous Oxide? - answer-(1) Pulmonary HTN (2) Prolonged anesthesia (6 hr) (3) First trimester of pregnancy (tetragenic) (4) High risk of PONV