Abdominal Sonography Review for ARDMS 2025/2026 ACTUAL
COMPLETE MOST TESTED REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT SOLUTIONS )| GET IT
RIGHT!! | ALREADY GRADED A+ | NEWEST EXAM | JUST
RELEASED!!
What technique could be used to better optimize slow blood
flow to rule out a
complete torsion? - ANSWER-decreasing PRF
(color scale)
Name 4 Hyperechoic Hepatic Masses. - ANSWER-1. Hepatic
lipoma
2. Hemangioma
3. Echogenic metastasis
4. Focal fatty infiltration
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) - ANSWER-- primary
malignancy in liver
- invades venous structures (PV, HV, & IVC)
- assoc w/ AFP, AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT)
What is the most common primary malignancy in the
liver? - ANSWER-
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
(HCC)
,HCC invades______? RCC invades ______? - ANSWER-HCC
invades IVC,
HV,
PV
RCC invades IVC
only
What is the most common solid mass in the liver? - ANSWER-
metastatic tumors
w/ Bull's
eye/target
What do these common sonographic patterns
suggest? a) Hyperechoic metastases
b) Hypoechoic metastases
c) Bull's eye/target metastases
d) Calcified metastases
e) Cystic metastases - ANSWER-a) GI tract
b) Lymphoma
c) Lung
d) Mucinous adenocarcinoma
e) Sarcoma
What is the most common malignant liver tumor in early
childhood? – ANSWER-Hepatoblastoma
- most before 2 yo
- assoc w/ Beckwith-Wiedemann
,What do ALL cancers have an increased lab value of? -
ANSWER-AFP
AST/SGOT - ANSWER-Aspartate
Aminotransferase/Serum Glutamic
Oxaloacetic
Transaminase
- by itself, non specific for liver
disease
- increased AST w/out ALT, myocardial
infarction
ALT/SGPT - ANSWER-Alanine Aminotransferase/Serum
Glutamic Pyruvic
Transaminase
- specific for liver
disease
What is excluded if you have increased AST & LDH and
normal ALT? -
ANSWER-hepatic
disease
ALT is specific for liver disease, no change =
not in the liver
GGT - ANSWER-Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase
- elevation indicates hepatocellular disease & biliary
obstruction
- elevated w/ acute damage to liver & bile duct and alcoholism
, What do you have with increased GGT & ALP? - ANSWER-
biliary obstruction
What do you have with increased GGT & ALT? - ANSWER-
hepatocellular
disease
Cryptorchidism & complications - ANSWER--
undescended testicles
- pts have increased chance of infertility
& cancer
The most common location of the cryptorchid testis is in the
__________. -
ANSWER-inguinal
canal
Anorchia - ANSWER-rare, congenital absence of testicles
Pyramidal lobe - ANSWER-normal variant extending superior to
isthmus
Strap muscles are ____________ to the thyroid & are also called
_________ &
___________. - ANSWER-
anterior
COMPLETE MOST TESTED REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT SOLUTIONS )| GET IT
RIGHT!! | ALREADY GRADED A+ | NEWEST EXAM | JUST
RELEASED!!
What technique could be used to better optimize slow blood
flow to rule out a
complete torsion? - ANSWER-decreasing PRF
(color scale)
Name 4 Hyperechoic Hepatic Masses. - ANSWER-1. Hepatic
lipoma
2. Hemangioma
3. Echogenic metastasis
4. Focal fatty infiltration
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) - ANSWER-- primary
malignancy in liver
- invades venous structures (PV, HV, & IVC)
- assoc w/ AFP, AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT)
What is the most common primary malignancy in the
liver? - ANSWER-
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
(HCC)
,HCC invades______? RCC invades ______? - ANSWER-HCC
invades IVC,
HV,
PV
RCC invades IVC
only
What is the most common solid mass in the liver? - ANSWER-
metastatic tumors
w/ Bull's
eye/target
What do these common sonographic patterns
suggest? a) Hyperechoic metastases
b) Hypoechoic metastases
c) Bull's eye/target metastases
d) Calcified metastases
e) Cystic metastases - ANSWER-a) GI tract
b) Lymphoma
c) Lung
d) Mucinous adenocarcinoma
e) Sarcoma
What is the most common malignant liver tumor in early
childhood? – ANSWER-Hepatoblastoma
- most before 2 yo
- assoc w/ Beckwith-Wiedemann
,What do ALL cancers have an increased lab value of? -
ANSWER-AFP
AST/SGOT - ANSWER-Aspartate
Aminotransferase/Serum Glutamic
Oxaloacetic
Transaminase
- by itself, non specific for liver
disease
- increased AST w/out ALT, myocardial
infarction
ALT/SGPT - ANSWER-Alanine Aminotransferase/Serum
Glutamic Pyruvic
Transaminase
- specific for liver
disease
What is excluded if you have increased AST & LDH and
normal ALT? -
ANSWER-hepatic
disease
ALT is specific for liver disease, no change =
not in the liver
GGT - ANSWER-Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase
- elevation indicates hepatocellular disease & biliary
obstruction
- elevated w/ acute damage to liver & bile duct and alcoholism
, What do you have with increased GGT & ALP? - ANSWER-
biliary obstruction
What do you have with increased GGT & ALT? - ANSWER-
hepatocellular
disease
Cryptorchidism & complications - ANSWER--
undescended testicles
- pts have increased chance of infertility
& cancer
The most common location of the cryptorchid testis is in the
__________. -
ANSWER-inguinal
canal
Anorchia - ANSWER-rare, congenital absence of testicles
Pyramidal lobe - ANSWER-normal variant extending superior to
isthmus
Strap muscles are ____________ to the thyroid & are also called
_________ &
___________. - ANSWER-
anterior
