ABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND REGISTRY ACTUAL
EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ What divides the right lobe of the liver into an anterior and
posterior segment? Answer: Right hepatic vein
◉ What vessel separates the right and left lobe? Where does it lie
(fissure)? Answer: Middle hepatic vein, which lies in the main lobar
fissure
◉ LLL is divided into medial and lateral segments by: Answer: Left
hepatic vein
◉ The caudate lobe is separated from the LLL by which ligament?
Answer: ligamentum venosum
◉ Main portal vein is created by the merging of which two vessels?
What is this area referred to as? Answer: Superior mesenteric vein
and splenic vein. Known as the splenic portal confluence
◉ What is the name of the capsule surrounding the liver? Answer:
Glisson capsule
,◉ Normal AP measurement of the MPV? Answer: 13mm or less
◉ What is an enlarged (>13mm) portal vein signify? Answer: Portal
hypertension
◉ Normal MPV flow? Answer: Hepatopetal and monophasic w/
some respiratory variation
◉ Where do the hepatic veins drain? Answer: IVC
◉ These veins are considered both interlobar and intersegmental
Answer: hepatic veins. They are located between the segments and
the lobes
◉ normal hepatic vein flow Answer: -Hepatofugal - away from liver
-pulsatile, triphasic due to right atrial pressure changes
-respiratory variation
◉ Narrowing or occlusion of the hepatic veins is indicative of:
Answer: Budd-Chiari syndrome
◉ The liver hilum is also know as Answer: The porta hepatis
,◉ flow pattern of the hepatic artery should be Answer: low
resistance since it is feeding the liver
◉ After birth the umbilical vein becomes Answer: ligamentum teres
aka round ligament
-runs along with the falciform ligament
-will usually be seen near left portal vein in left liver
◉ Where can the main lobar fissure be seen? Answer: -in sag plane
-will appear to connect the neck of the GB with the RPV
-also separates right and left hepatic veins
◉ hepatic steatosis Answer: fatty liver
◉ Causes of fatty liver disease Answer: Fatty deposits within the
hepatocytes.
Once it becomes cirrhosis, it is non-reversible.
1. Alcoholic fatty liver disease
, 2. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:
-obesity
-starvation
-chemotherapy
-diabetes mellitus
-hyperlipidemia
-pregnancy
-von Gierke disease (glycogen storage dx)
-total parental nutrition
-cystic fibrosis
◉ steatohepatitis Answer: inflammation of the liver associated with
fat
precursor for chronic liver dx leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC
◉ hepatomegaly size Answer: >15cm
need to correlate with clinical hx
don't confused Riedel's lobe as hepatomegaly
EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ What divides the right lobe of the liver into an anterior and
posterior segment? Answer: Right hepatic vein
◉ What vessel separates the right and left lobe? Where does it lie
(fissure)? Answer: Middle hepatic vein, which lies in the main lobar
fissure
◉ LLL is divided into medial and lateral segments by: Answer: Left
hepatic vein
◉ The caudate lobe is separated from the LLL by which ligament?
Answer: ligamentum venosum
◉ Main portal vein is created by the merging of which two vessels?
What is this area referred to as? Answer: Superior mesenteric vein
and splenic vein. Known as the splenic portal confluence
◉ What is the name of the capsule surrounding the liver? Answer:
Glisson capsule
,◉ Normal AP measurement of the MPV? Answer: 13mm or less
◉ What is an enlarged (>13mm) portal vein signify? Answer: Portal
hypertension
◉ Normal MPV flow? Answer: Hepatopetal and monophasic w/
some respiratory variation
◉ Where do the hepatic veins drain? Answer: IVC
◉ These veins are considered both interlobar and intersegmental
Answer: hepatic veins. They are located between the segments and
the lobes
◉ normal hepatic vein flow Answer: -Hepatofugal - away from liver
-pulsatile, triphasic due to right atrial pressure changes
-respiratory variation
◉ Narrowing or occlusion of the hepatic veins is indicative of:
Answer: Budd-Chiari syndrome
◉ The liver hilum is also know as Answer: The porta hepatis
,◉ flow pattern of the hepatic artery should be Answer: low
resistance since it is feeding the liver
◉ After birth the umbilical vein becomes Answer: ligamentum teres
aka round ligament
-runs along with the falciform ligament
-will usually be seen near left portal vein in left liver
◉ Where can the main lobar fissure be seen? Answer: -in sag plane
-will appear to connect the neck of the GB with the RPV
-also separates right and left hepatic veins
◉ hepatic steatosis Answer: fatty liver
◉ Causes of fatty liver disease Answer: Fatty deposits within the
hepatocytes.
Once it becomes cirrhosis, it is non-reversible.
1. Alcoholic fatty liver disease
, 2. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:
-obesity
-starvation
-chemotherapy
-diabetes mellitus
-hyperlipidemia
-pregnancy
-von Gierke disease (glycogen storage dx)
-total parental nutrition
-cystic fibrosis
◉ steatohepatitis Answer: inflammation of the liver associated with
fat
precursor for chronic liver dx leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC
◉ hepatomegaly size Answer: >15cm
need to correlate with clinical hx
don't confused Riedel's lobe as hepatomegaly
