,PATHOPHYSIOLOGYV9thVEDITIONVMCCANCEVTESTVBANKV
ChapterV1:VCellularVBiology
MULTIPLEVCHOICE
1. WhichVstatementVbestVdescribesVtheVcellularVfunctionVofVmetabolicVabsorption?
a. CellsVcanVproduceVproteins. c. CellsVcanVtakeVinVandVuseVnutrients.
b. CellsVcanVsecreteVdigestiveVenzymes. d.V CellsVcanVsynthesizeVfats.
ANS:V C
InVmetabolicVabsorption,VallVcellsVtakeVinVandVuseVnutrientsVandVotherVsubstancesVfro
mVtheirVsurroundings.VTheVremainingVoptionsVareVnotVinclusiveVinVtheirVdescriptions
VofVcellularVmetabolicVabsorption.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV2
2. MostVofVaVcell’sVgeneticVinformation,VincludingVRNAVandVDNA,VisVcontainedVinVthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.V V Lysosome
ANS:V C
TheVnucleusVcontainsVtheVnucleolus,VaVsmallVdenseVstructureVcomposedVlargelyVofV
RNA,VmostVofVtheVcellularVDNA,VandVtheVDNA-
bindingVproteins,VsuchVasVtheVhistones,VwhichVregulateVitsVactivity.VTheVotherVoption
sVdoVnotVcontainVmostVofVaVcell’sVgeneticVinformation.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV2
3. WhichVcomponentVofVtheVcellVprodNuUceRsSIhNyGd TroBg.CenO M
p eroxide V(H2O2)VbyVusingVoxy
genVtoVremoveVhydrogenVatomsVfromVspecificVsubstratesVinVanVoxidativeVreactio
n?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.V Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:V B
PeroxisomesVareVsoVnamedVbecauseVtheyVusuallyVcontainVenzymesVthatVuseVoxygenVtoV
removeVhydrogenVatomsVfromVspecificVsubstratesVinVanVoxidativeVreactionVthatVproduce
sVH2O2,VwhichVisVaVpowerfulVoxidantVandVpotentiallyVdestructiveVifVitVaccumulatesVorV
escapesVfromVperoxisomes.VRibosomesVareVRNA-
proteinVcomplexesV(nucleoproteins)VthatVareVsynthesizedVinVtheVnucleolusVandVsecreted
VintoVtheVcytoplasmVthroughVporesVinVtheVnuclearVenvelopeVcalledVnuclearVporeVcompl
exes.VLysosomesVareVsaclikeVstructuresVthatVoriginateVfromVtheVGolgiVcomplexVandVco
ntainVmoreVthanV40VdigestiveVenzymesVcalledVhydrolases,VwhichVcatalyzeVbondsVinVpr
oteins,Vlipids,VnucleicVacids,VandVcarbohydrates.VOxyhydrosomesareVinvolvedVinVenzym
eVproduction.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV8
4. WhichVcellVcomponentVisVcapableVofVcellularVautodigestionVwhenVitVisVreleasedVduri
ngVcellVinjury?
a. Ribosome c. SmoothVendoplasmicVreticulum
,b. GolgiVcomplex d.V Lysosomes
ANS:V D
, TheVlysosomalVmembraneVactsVasVaVprotectiveVshieldVbetweenVtheVpowerfulVdigestiv
eVenzymesVwithinVtheVlysosomeVandVtheVcytoplasm,VpreventingVtheirVleakageVintoVth
eVcytoplasmicVmatrix.VDisruptionVofVtheVmembraneVbyVvariousVtreatmentsVorVcellula
rVinjuryVleadsVtoVaVreleaseVofVtheVlysosomalVenzymes,VwhichVcanVthenVreactVwithVt
heirVspecificVsubstrates,VcausingVcellularVself-
digestion.VTheVotherVoptionsVdoVnotVcorrectlyVdescribeVthisVprocess.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPagesV7-8
5. WhatVisVtheVsequenceVofVstepsVinVtheVdevelopmentVofVaVdigestiveVenzymeVbyVtheV
pancreasVcellsVfromVtheVinitialVtranscriptionVtoVtheVreleaseVfromVtheVcell?
a. TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVfromVDNAVbyVRNAVinVtheVnucleus,Vproceeds
VtoVtheVribosomeVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVaVsecretoryVvesicle
VtoVtheVcellVmembrane.
b. TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVfromVRNAVbyVDNAVinVtheVnucleus,VproceedsVtoV
theVlysosomeVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVanVencapsulatedVmembraneV
toVtheVcellVmembrane.
c. TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVbyVtheVmitochondriaVinVtheVnucleus,VproceedsVto
VtheVribosomeVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVaVcytoskeletonVtoVtheVcell
Vmembrane.
d. TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVfromVDNAVbyVRNAVinVtheVnucleus,VproceedsVto
VtheVGolgiVcomplexVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVaVcytosolVtoVtheVcel
lVmembrane.
ANS:V A
TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVfromVDNAVbyVRNAVinVtheVnucleus,VproceedsVtoVtheVrib
osomeVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVaVsecretoryVvesicleVtoVtheVcellVmembran
e.VTheVotherVoptionsVdoVnotVcorrectlyVdescribeVthisVprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV7V|VFigureV1-5
6. DuringVwhichVphaseVofVtheVcellVcycleVisVDNAVsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.V M
ANS:V B
TheVfourVdesignatedVphasesVofVtheVcellVcycleVare:V(1)VtheVG1V phaseV(GV=Vgap),Vwhi
chVisVtheVperiodVbetweenVtheVMVphaseV(MV=Vmitosis)VandVtheVstartVofVDNAVsynthesi
s;V(2)VtheVSVphaseV(SV=Vsynthesis),VduringVwhichVDNAVisVsynthesizedVinVtheVcellVnu
cleus;V(3)VtheVG2V phase,VduringVwhichVRNAVandVproteinVsynthesisVoccurs,VtheVperio
dVbetweenVtheVcompletionVofVDNAVsynthesisVandVtheVnextVphaseV(M);VandV(4)VtheV
MVphase,VwhichVincludesVnuclearVandVcytoplasmicVdivision.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV37
7. WhatVorganicVcompoundVfacilitatesVtransportationVacrossVcellVmembranesVbyVacti
ngVasVreceptors,VtransportVchannelsVforVelectrolytes,VandVenzymesVtoVdriveVactiv
eVpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.V Carbohydrates
ANS:V C
ChapterV1:VCellularVBiology
MULTIPLEVCHOICE
1. WhichVstatementVbestVdescribesVtheVcellularVfunctionVofVmetabolicVabsorption?
a. CellsVcanVproduceVproteins. c. CellsVcanVtakeVinVandVuseVnutrients.
b. CellsVcanVsecreteVdigestiveVenzymes. d.V CellsVcanVsynthesizeVfats.
ANS:V C
InVmetabolicVabsorption,VallVcellsVtakeVinVandVuseVnutrientsVandVotherVsubstancesVfro
mVtheirVsurroundings.VTheVremainingVoptionsVareVnotVinclusiveVinVtheirVdescriptions
VofVcellularVmetabolicVabsorption.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV2
2. MostVofVaVcell’sVgeneticVinformation,VincludingVRNAVandVDNA,VisVcontainedVinVthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d.V V Lysosome
ANS:V C
TheVnucleusVcontainsVtheVnucleolus,VaVsmallVdenseVstructureVcomposedVlargelyVofV
RNA,VmostVofVtheVcellularVDNA,VandVtheVDNA-
bindingVproteins,VsuchVasVtheVhistones,VwhichVregulateVitsVactivity.VTheVotherVoption
sVdoVnotVcontainVmostVofVaVcell’sVgeneticVinformation.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV2
3. WhichVcomponentVofVtheVcellVprodNuUceRsSIhNyGd TroBg.CenO M
p eroxide V(H2O2)VbyVusingVoxy
genVtoVremoveVhydrogenVatomsVfromVspecificVsubstratesVinVanVoxidativeVreactio
n?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d.V Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:V B
PeroxisomesVareVsoVnamedVbecauseVtheyVusuallyVcontainVenzymesVthatVuseVoxygenVtoV
removeVhydrogenVatomsVfromVspecificVsubstratesVinVanVoxidativeVreactionVthatVproduce
sVH2O2,VwhichVisVaVpowerfulVoxidantVandVpotentiallyVdestructiveVifVitVaccumulatesVorV
escapesVfromVperoxisomes.VRibosomesVareVRNA-
proteinVcomplexesV(nucleoproteins)VthatVareVsynthesizedVinVtheVnucleolusVandVsecreted
VintoVtheVcytoplasmVthroughVporesVinVtheVnuclearVenvelopeVcalledVnuclearVporeVcompl
exes.VLysosomesVareVsaclikeVstructuresVthatVoriginateVfromVtheVGolgiVcomplexVandVco
ntainVmoreVthanV40VdigestiveVenzymesVcalledVhydrolases,VwhichVcatalyzeVbondsVinVpr
oteins,Vlipids,VnucleicVacids,VandVcarbohydrates.VOxyhydrosomesareVinvolvedVinVenzym
eVproduction.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV8
4. WhichVcellVcomponentVisVcapableVofVcellularVautodigestionVwhenVitVisVreleasedVduri
ngVcellVinjury?
a. Ribosome c. SmoothVendoplasmicVreticulum
,b. GolgiVcomplex d.V Lysosomes
ANS:V D
, TheVlysosomalVmembraneVactsVasVaVprotectiveVshieldVbetweenVtheVpowerfulVdigestiv
eVenzymesVwithinVtheVlysosomeVandVtheVcytoplasm,VpreventingVtheirVleakageVintoVth
eVcytoplasmicVmatrix.VDisruptionVofVtheVmembraneVbyVvariousVtreatmentsVorVcellula
rVinjuryVleadsVtoVaVreleaseVofVtheVlysosomalVenzymes,VwhichVcanVthenVreactVwithVt
heirVspecificVsubstrates,VcausingVcellularVself-
digestion.VTheVotherVoptionsVdoVnotVcorrectlyVdescribeVthisVprocess.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPagesV7-8
5. WhatVisVtheVsequenceVofVstepsVinVtheVdevelopmentVofVaVdigestiveVenzymeVbyVtheV
pancreasVcellsVfromVtheVinitialVtranscriptionVtoVtheVreleaseVfromVtheVcell?
a. TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVfromVDNAVbyVRNAVinVtheVnucleus,Vproceeds
VtoVtheVribosomeVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVaVsecretoryVvesicle
VtoVtheVcellVmembrane.
b. TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVfromVRNAVbyVDNAVinVtheVnucleus,VproceedsVtoV
theVlysosomeVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVanVencapsulatedVmembraneV
toVtheVcellVmembrane.
c. TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVbyVtheVmitochondriaVinVtheVnucleus,VproceedsVto
VtheVribosomeVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVaVcytoskeletonVtoVtheVcell
Vmembrane.
d. TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVfromVDNAVbyVRNAVinVtheVnucleus,VproceedsVto
VtheVGolgiVcomplexVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVaVcytosolVtoVtheVcel
lVmembrane.
ANS:V A
TheVenzymeVisVtranscribedVfromVDNAVbyVRNAVinVtheVnucleus,VproceedsVtoVtheVrib
osomeVforVsynthesis,VandVisVtransportedVinVaVsecretoryVvesicleVtoVtheVcellVmembran
e.VTheVotherVoptionsVdoVnotVcorrectlyVdescribeVthisVprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV7V|VFigureV1-5
6. DuringVwhichVphaseVofVtheVcellVcycleVisVDNAVsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d.V M
ANS:V B
TheVfourVdesignatedVphasesVofVtheVcellVcycleVare:V(1)VtheVG1V phaseV(GV=Vgap),Vwhi
chVisVtheVperiodVbetweenVtheVMVphaseV(MV=Vmitosis)VandVtheVstartVofVDNAVsynthesi
s;V(2)VtheVSVphaseV(SV=Vsynthesis),VduringVwhichVDNAVisVsynthesizedVinVtheVcellVnu
cleus;V(3)VtheVG2V phase,VduringVwhichVRNAVandVproteinVsynthesisVoccurs,VtheVperio
dVbetweenVtheVcompletionVofVDNAVsynthesisVandVtheVnextVphaseV(M);VandV(4)VtheV
MVphase,VwhichVincludesVnuclearVandVcytoplasmicVdivision.
PTS:V V 1 REF:VPageV37
7. WhatVorganicVcompoundVfacilitatesVtransportationVacrossVcellVmembranesVbyVacti
ngVasVreceptors,VtransportVchannelsVforVelectrolytes,VandVenzymesVtoVdriveVactiv
eVpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d.V Carbohydrates
ANS:V C
