CBCC-KA Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers
Define: Fixed Interval Schedule - Answer-Provide a reinforcer the first time the target
behaviour occurs after an interval of N length since the last reinforcement
Define: FI - Answer-Fixed Interval Schedule
What is the difference between FR5 and VR5? - Answer-With FR5, you reinforce every fifth
event, while with VR5 you reinforce an average of every 5th event
What happens on an FI-2 minute schedule? - Answer-The behaviour is reinofrced only when
it occurs after 2 minutes have elapsed after the last reinforcement
Define: VI
Define: Variable Interval Schedule - Answer-Variable Interval Schedule
Provide a reinofrcer the first time the target behaviour occurs after an interval, with the
interval varying around an average of N lengthVariable-interval schedule with a limited hold
schedule requires only one resonsebut that response must occur at an unpredictable period
of time. A sports-relatedexample of this would be "hot-ball" in soccer, which has a nearly 0-
second hold Thisdrill involves six players to stand in a circle and one touch the ball to
another playerin the circle. The coach will randomly blow the whistle to say the drill is over,
whenthe whistle is blown, whichever player has the ball in their possession must do
oneman-maker. This is a response that makes the players practice their one-touch
passessince they do not want to be stuck with the ball when the whistle is blown they
willdish the ball off as soon as they can.
Define: FD
Define: Fixed Duration Schedule - Answer-Fixed Duration Schedule
,Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a period
of N length
Define: VD
Define: Variable Duration Schedule - Answer-Variable duration schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period, with the period varying around an average of N length
What are the drawbacks to flooding? - Answer-The therapy is necessarily anxiety producing
and the there is little room for error
Define: Flooding - Answer-Exposure to stimuli until no response occurs
What are you doing when you construct a hierarchy? - Answer-You are identifying situations
that arouse fear and arrange them in order from the least upsetting to the most upsetting
Who first devised systematic desensitization? - Answer-Joseph Wolpe
Define: Desensitization Training - Answer-Any form of counter conditioning training that
reduces an inappropriate negative response to an event
Define: Conditioned Response - Answer-The response to the conditioned stimulus following
learning
Define: Counterconditioning - Answer-The use of Pavlovian conditioning to undo the adverse
effects of earlier conditioning
Define: Unconditioned Response - Answer-Any response that does not require learning
,Define: Conditioned Stimulus - Answer-Any stimulus that when paired with an
unconditioned response produces that response after learning
Define: Unconditioned Stimulus - Answer-A stimulus that elicits a response but that does not
need to be learned
Define: Sensitization Training - Answer-Any form of counterconditioning that reduces an
inappropriate positive response to an event
occurs when repeated exposure or a single exposure to a stimulus inc. the intensity of
response
ex: if you are walking down the hall right after watching a scary movie & your friend pops
out and says Boo! you will likely startle --> sensitizes other stimuli than the one being
exposed to
Define: Aversion Therapy - Answer-The application of an aversive stimulus when paired with
a stimulus that evokes an inappropriate positive response
What are the rules for counterconditioning? - Answer-1. Define the target behaviour2.
Identify the stimuli to be paired3. Pair the appropriate stimuli4. Monitor results
Why might changing someone else's behaviour be unethical? - Answer-It might be
dehumanizing, cruel or manipulative
What are the rules for changing behaviour ethically? - Answer-1. Encourage the person
whose behaviour is to be changed to participate in the design of the intervention2. Avoid
aversives whenever possible3. Consider the alternatives to the planned intervention4.
Monitor the results
, What is the difference between a fixed interval and a fixed time schedule? - Answer-With
fixed time schedules, the reinforcer is delivered regardless of behaviour, while with fixed
interval schedules, the behaviour must occur after the passage of time in order to earn the
reinforcer
Define: Maintenance Training - Answer-Intervention procedures that increase the likelihood
that changes in a target behaviour will persist when the intervention is ended
Define: Social Contract - Answer-The attempt by society to maintain high rates of certain
behaviours and low rates of other behaviours by means of cintingency ontracts
Define: Backup Reinforcer - Answer-The reinforcement that you get in exchange for a token
in a token economy
Define: Token Economy - Answer-A form of contingency ontract usually involving a group of
people in which the reinforcers are tokens
Define: Contingency Contract - Answer-An agreement between two or more parties about
what each is to do for the other
Define: Stretching the Ration - Answer-Gradually increasing the number of times a behaviour
must be performed to qualify for reinforcement
Define: Ration Strain - Answer-A reduction in the rate of target behaviour and an increase in
emotional behaivour resulting from increases in the ratio of behaviour to reinforcment
How can you recognize a fixed interval schedule on a cumulitive frequency graph? - Answer-
The scalloped pattern reflects the lack of effort post reinforcement and the high degree of
effort pre-reinforcement
Define: Maintenance Schedule - Answer-A reinforcment schedule that maintains a target
behaviour at a desired rate.
Define: Fixed Interval Schedule - Answer-Provide a reinforcer the first time the target
behaviour occurs after an interval of N length since the last reinforcement
Define: FI - Answer-Fixed Interval Schedule
What is the difference between FR5 and VR5? - Answer-With FR5, you reinforce every fifth
event, while with VR5 you reinforce an average of every 5th event
What happens on an FI-2 minute schedule? - Answer-The behaviour is reinofrced only when
it occurs after 2 minutes have elapsed after the last reinforcement
Define: VI
Define: Variable Interval Schedule - Answer-Variable Interval Schedule
Provide a reinofrcer the first time the target behaviour occurs after an interval, with the
interval varying around an average of N lengthVariable-interval schedule with a limited hold
schedule requires only one resonsebut that response must occur at an unpredictable period
of time. A sports-relatedexample of this would be "hot-ball" in soccer, which has a nearly 0-
second hold Thisdrill involves six players to stand in a circle and one touch the ball to
another playerin the circle. The coach will randomly blow the whistle to say the drill is over,
whenthe whistle is blown, whichever player has the ball in their possession must do
oneman-maker. This is a response that makes the players practice their one-touch
passessince they do not want to be stuck with the ball when the whistle is blown they
willdish the ball off as soon as they can.
Define: FD
Define: Fixed Duration Schedule - Answer-Fixed Duration Schedule
,Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a period
of N length
Define: VD
Define: Variable Duration Schedule - Answer-Variable duration schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period, with the period varying around an average of N length
What are the drawbacks to flooding? - Answer-The therapy is necessarily anxiety producing
and the there is little room for error
Define: Flooding - Answer-Exposure to stimuli until no response occurs
What are you doing when you construct a hierarchy? - Answer-You are identifying situations
that arouse fear and arrange them in order from the least upsetting to the most upsetting
Who first devised systematic desensitization? - Answer-Joseph Wolpe
Define: Desensitization Training - Answer-Any form of counter conditioning training that
reduces an inappropriate negative response to an event
Define: Conditioned Response - Answer-The response to the conditioned stimulus following
learning
Define: Counterconditioning - Answer-The use of Pavlovian conditioning to undo the adverse
effects of earlier conditioning
Define: Unconditioned Response - Answer-Any response that does not require learning
,Define: Conditioned Stimulus - Answer-Any stimulus that when paired with an
unconditioned response produces that response after learning
Define: Unconditioned Stimulus - Answer-A stimulus that elicits a response but that does not
need to be learned
Define: Sensitization Training - Answer-Any form of counterconditioning that reduces an
inappropriate positive response to an event
occurs when repeated exposure or a single exposure to a stimulus inc. the intensity of
response
ex: if you are walking down the hall right after watching a scary movie & your friend pops
out and says Boo! you will likely startle --> sensitizes other stimuli than the one being
exposed to
Define: Aversion Therapy - Answer-The application of an aversive stimulus when paired with
a stimulus that evokes an inappropriate positive response
What are the rules for counterconditioning? - Answer-1. Define the target behaviour2.
Identify the stimuli to be paired3. Pair the appropriate stimuli4. Monitor results
Why might changing someone else's behaviour be unethical? - Answer-It might be
dehumanizing, cruel or manipulative
What are the rules for changing behaviour ethically? - Answer-1. Encourage the person
whose behaviour is to be changed to participate in the design of the intervention2. Avoid
aversives whenever possible3. Consider the alternatives to the planned intervention4.
Monitor the results
, What is the difference between a fixed interval and a fixed time schedule? - Answer-With
fixed time schedules, the reinforcer is delivered regardless of behaviour, while with fixed
interval schedules, the behaviour must occur after the passage of time in order to earn the
reinforcer
Define: Maintenance Training - Answer-Intervention procedures that increase the likelihood
that changes in a target behaviour will persist when the intervention is ended
Define: Social Contract - Answer-The attempt by society to maintain high rates of certain
behaviours and low rates of other behaviours by means of cintingency ontracts
Define: Backup Reinforcer - Answer-The reinforcement that you get in exchange for a token
in a token economy
Define: Token Economy - Answer-A form of contingency ontract usually involving a group of
people in which the reinforcers are tokens
Define: Contingency Contract - Answer-An agreement between two or more parties about
what each is to do for the other
Define: Stretching the Ration - Answer-Gradually increasing the number of times a behaviour
must be performed to qualify for reinforcement
Define: Ration Strain - Answer-A reduction in the rate of target behaviour and an increase in
emotional behaivour resulting from increases in the ratio of behaviour to reinforcment
How can you recognize a fixed interval schedule on a cumulitive frequency graph? - Answer-
The scalloped pattern reflects the lack of effort post reinforcement and the high degree of
effort pre-reinforcement
Define: Maintenance Schedule - Answer-A reinforcment schedule that maintains a target
behaviour at a desired rate.
