1|Page
NR 283 EXAM 1 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS ||VERIFIED EXAM!! (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+ (CHAMBERLAINE COLLEGE
OF NURSING)||NEWEST EXAM!!!
Describe how very slow, shallow respirations are likely to
affect:
A. PCO2
B. serum pH - ANSWER-A. increase PCO2
B. decrease serum pH (increase carbonic acid)
state 3 possible causes of metabolic acidosis - ANSWER-
Metabolic acidosis may occur with infection (increased
BMR), renal disease (retention of acids), severe vomiting
or diarrhea (loss of bicarbonate and increased acids),
starvation, or diabetic ketoacidosis (increased acid
production).
A diabeitc client is producing excess amounts of
ketoacids.
A. describe the effects of this excess on serum
bicarbonate levels and serum pH.
B. explain the possible compensation for this imbalance
,2|Page
C. describe the signs of this compensation - ANSWER-A.
Ketoacids bind with bicarbonate ions, decreasing serum
bicarbonate and serum pH.
B. Respirations increase. Kidneys excrete more acids and
increase bicarbonate production and reabsorption.
C. Rate and depth of breathing increase, and urine has a
low pH (pH = 5).
The respirations that accompany metabolic acidosis are
frequently called Kussmaul's respirations or "air hunger".
What is the purpose of such respirations - ANSWER-
Carbon dioxide or carbonic acid levels in the blood
decrease, resulting in decreased total acid levels in the
body.
A person is found unconscious. He is wearing a Medic-
Alert bracelet for diabetes and his breath has the typical
odor of acetone (ketoacids)
A. predict the serum pH and the rationale for this
prediction
B. predict his serum potassium level - ANSWER-A. Serum
pH is less than 7.35 because acidosis depresses CNS
function. Bicarbonate raises serum pH to normal by
combining with ketoacids.
,3|Page
B. The serum potassium level is elevated because of
acidosis.
how does insulin administration affect serum potassium? -
ANSWER-Insulin reduces serum potassium by promoting
the movement of potassium into cells.
A person will probably become very dehydrated as
ketoacidosis develops. what hear rate and pulse
characteristics would you expect to be present in this
dehydrated condition? - ANSWER-The pulse would be
weak and thready because of hypovolemia. When CNS
function is decreased, the heart rate is slow or irregular.
prolonged strenuous exercise usually leads to an increase
in lactic acid. given your knowledge of normal circulation,
explain why it is helpful to have a cool-down period with
mild exercise rather than total rest immediately after
strenuous exercise. - ANSWER-Mild exercise promotes
continued circulation to remove lactic acid from muscle
tissue, decrease acidosis, and restore oxygen reserves.
General anesthetics, presence of pain, and narcotic
analgesics for pain often lead to slow, shallow respirations
after surgery, circulation is frequently slow, and oxygen
levels are somewhat reduced. predict the effects on partial
, 4|Page
pressure of carbon dioxide and now this would affect
serum pH. - ANSWER-Slow, shallow respirations lead to
increased carbon dioxide in the blood. Reduced oxygen
and sluggish circulation contribute to more anaerobic
metabolism and increased lactic acid levels. Therefore, the
serum pH is decreased, and acidosis is common during
and following surgery.
Define homozygous and heterozygous - ANSWER-
Homozygous—the pair of alleles or genes at a site that
determine a specific trait are identical.
what is the purpose of a pedigree? - ANSWER-A pedigree
chart can be used to trace a genetic trait back through
previous generations by checking the occurrence of the
disorder or characteristic in all family members. Such a
chart may confirm the presence of an inherited condition in
the family and indicate the type of inheritance.
explain why teratogens are difficult to identify - ANSWER-
The effects are not noted until data are collected at a
much later time, and it may be difficult to identify one
teratogen out of many possible factors to which any one
person was exposed. Ethically, experiments cannot be
performed to identify suspected teratogens; therefore, it
NR 283 EXAM 1 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS ||VERIFIED EXAM!! (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+ (CHAMBERLAINE COLLEGE
OF NURSING)||NEWEST EXAM!!!
Describe how very slow, shallow respirations are likely to
affect:
A. PCO2
B. serum pH - ANSWER-A. increase PCO2
B. decrease serum pH (increase carbonic acid)
state 3 possible causes of metabolic acidosis - ANSWER-
Metabolic acidosis may occur with infection (increased
BMR), renal disease (retention of acids), severe vomiting
or diarrhea (loss of bicarbonate and increased acids),
starvation, or diabetic ketoacidosis (increased acid
production).
A diabeitc client is producing excess amounts of
ketoacids.
A. describe the effects of this excess on serum
bicarbonate levels and serum pH.
B. explain the possible compensation for this imbalance
,2|Page
C. describe the signs of this compensation - ANSWER-A.
Ketoacids bind with bicarbonate ions, decreasing serum
bicarbonate and serum pH.
B. Respirations increase. Kidneys excrete more acids and
increase bicarbonate production and reabsorption.
C. Rate and depth of breathing increase, and urine has a
low pH (pH = 5).
The respirations that accompany metabolic acidosis are
frequently called Kussmaul's respirations or "air hunger".
What is the purpose of such respirations - ANSWER-
Carbon dioxide or carbonic acid levels in the blood
decrease, resulting in decreased total acid levels in the
body.
A person is found unconscious. He is wearing a Medic-
Alert bracelet for diabetes and his breath has the typical
odor of acetone (ketoacids)
A. predict the serum pH and the rationale for this
prediction
B. predict his serum potassium level - ANSWER-A. Serum
pH is less than 7.35 because acidosis depresses CNS
function. Bicarbonate raises serum pH to normal by
combining with ketoacids.
,3|Page
B. The serum potassium level is elevated because of
acidosis.
how does insulin administration affect serum potassium? -
ANSWER-Insulin reduces serum potassium by promoting
the movement of potassium into cells.
A person will probably become very dehydrated as
ketoacidosis develops. what hear rate and pulse
characteristics would you expect to be present in this
dehydrated condition? - ANSWER-The pulse would be
weak and thready because of hypovolemia. When CNS
function is decreased, the heart rate is slow or irregular.
prolonged strenuous exercise usually leads to an increase
in lactic acid. given your knowledge of normal circulation,
explain why it is helpful to have a cool-down period with
mild exercise rather than total rest immediately after
strenuous exercise. - ANSWER-Mild exercise promotes
continued circulation to remove lactic acid from muscle
tissue, decrease acidosis, and restore oxygen reserves.
General anesthetics, presence of pain, and narcotic
analgesics for pain often lead to slow, shallow respirations
after surgery, circulation is frequently slow, and oxygen
levels are somewhat reduced. predict the effects on partial
, 4|Page
pressure of carbon dioxide and now this would affect
serum pH. - ANSWER-Slow, shallow respirations lead to
increased carbon dioxide in the blood. Reduced oxygen
and sluggish circulation contribute to more anaerobic
metabolism and increased lactic acid levels. Therefore, the
serum pH is decreased, and acidosis is common during
and following surgery.
Define homozygous and heterozygous - ANSWER-
Homozygous—the pair of alleles or genes at a site that
determine a specific trait are identical.
what is the purpose of a pedigree? - ANSWER-A pedigree
chart can be used to trace a genetic trait back through
previous generations by checking the occurrence of the
disorder or characteristic in all family members. Such a
chart may confirm the presence of an inherited condition in
the family and indicate the type of inheritance.
explain why teratogens are difficult to identify - ANSWER-
The effects are not noted until data are collected at a
much later time, and it may be difficult to identify one
teratogen out of many possible factors to which any one
person was exposed. Ethically, experiments cannot be
performed to identify suspected teratogens; therefore, it
