WGU D440 NUTRITION – Vitamins
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM AND
PRACTICE Comprehensive 2026-2027 Frequently
Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update!!
1. Which of the following are early signs of vitamin A deficiency? (Select all that
apply)
A. Night blindness
B. Keratomalacia (soft cornea)
C. Dry conjunctiva (xerosis)
D. Alopecia
E. Frequent respiratory infections - ANSWER A, C, E.
Rationale: Early signs = Impaired epithelial tissues - night blindness, dry
mucous membranes, increased infections.
Keratomalacia is late-stage. Alopecia is toxicity-related.
2. A client with liver cirrhosis is taking Vitamin A supplements. which finding
requires immediate follow-up?
A. Dry lips and mouth
B. Bone pain and headache
C. Increased appetite
D. Blurry distance vision only at night - ANSWER B.
Rationale: Vitamin A is stored in the liver. Liver damage + supplementation
increases risk for hypervitaminosis A - headache, bone pain, hepatotoxicity.
This is dangerous and needs evaluation.
,3. A malnourished child presents with Bitot's spots on the eyes. The prescriber
prescribes a Vitamin A injection. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Administer on an empty stomach.
B. Assess vision using the Snellen chart first.
C. Assess for allergies and obtain baseline liver function tests.
D. Hold if the child has eaten a high-fat meal. - ANSWER C.
Rationale: Injectable Vitamin A is fat-soluble and stored in the liver. Baseline
liver function tests are needed. Allergy assessment is required before
administering fat-soluble vitamins.
4. A child presents with bowed legs, delayed growth, and enlarged joints at the
wrists and knees. Which lab result would support the nurse's suspicion of
Vitamin D deficiency?
A. Elevated phosphorus
B. Low serum calcium
C. Increased hemoglobin
D. Decreased sodium - ANSWER B.
Rationale: Vitamin D promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption. Without it
- Hypocalcemia - Poor bone mineralization - Rickets. Phosphorus may also be
low or normal.
5. Which client is at highest risk for developing Vitamin D deficiency?
A. 45-year-old landscaper who works outdoors daily.
B. 30-year-old vegan who drinks fortified soy milk.
C. 82-year-old homebound woman who rarely goes outside.
D. 10-year-old child who eats fortified breakfast cereal daily. - ANSWER
C. 82-year-old, limited sunlight exposure.
,Rationale: Older adults make less Vitamin D in their skin, and their kidneys
don't convert it to the active form as well. Being indoors makes it worse.
6. Which conditions can result from long-term Vitamin D deficiency? (Select all
that apply)
A. Osteomalacia
B. Rickets
C. Tetany or muscle spasms
D. Hemorrhage
E. Osteoporosis - ANSWER A, B, C, E.
Rationale:
A & B: Osteomalacia (adults) and Rickets (children) are classic results of
Vitamin D deficiency.
C: Lack of Vitamin D - Low Calcium - Potential tetany.
E: Chronic deficiency contributes to bone demineralization (osteoporosis).
D: Hemorrhage is linked to Vitamin K deficiency, not Vitamin D.
7. A client with chronic kidney disease shows signs of bone pain and weakness.
Why is this client at risk for Vitamin D deficiency?
A. Kidneys convert Vitamin D to its active form
B. Kidneys store Vitamin D long-term
C. Kidney disease increases Vitamin D absorption
D. Vitamin D is converted to glucose in the kidneys - ANSWER A.
Rationale: The kidneys convert inactive Vitamin D to calcitriol, the active form.
Renal failure = no activation - impaired calcium absorption - bone problems.
, 8. A patient has been taking large doses of Vitamin D supplements daily for
several months. Which finding requires immediate nursing intervention?
A. Constipation and abdominal pain
B. Increased thirst and urination
C. Headache and fatigue
D. Hypercalcemia on lab results - ANSWER D. Hypercalcemia
Rationale: Vitamin D toxicity causes high calcium absorption - hypercalcemia -
which can lead to arrhythmias, kidney stones, and calcification of soft tissues.
This is the most dangerous and requires urgent action.
9. The nurse is teaching a patient with osteoporosis about Vitamin D. Which
statement shows correct understanding?
A. "I should limit Vitamin D because it lowers calcium absorption."
B. "Vitamin D helps my body absorb calcium from food."
C. "Vitamin D is only important for children, not adults."
D. "I will need to stop taking calcium while on Vitamin D." - ANSWER
B.
Rationale: Vitamin D is required for intestinal absorption of calcium. Deficiency
increases fracture risk.
10.A premature newborn develops hemolytic anemia. Which vitamin deficiency
is most likely the cause? - ANSWER Vitamin E.
Rationale: Vitamin E protects red blood cell membranes from oxidative
damage. Premature infants have low Vitamin E stores - RBCs break easily -
hemolytic anemia.
11.Which patient is at highest risk for Vitamin E deficiency?
A. A vegan.
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM AND
PRACTICE Comprehensive 2026-2027 Frequently
Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass!!Current Update!!
1. Which of the following are early signs of vitamin A deficiency? (Select all that
apply)
A. Night blindness
B. Keratomalacia (soft cornea)
C. Dry conjunctiva (xerosis)
D. Alopecia
E. Frequent respiratory infections - ANSWER A, C, E.
Rationale: Early signs = Impaired epithelial tissues - night blindness, dry
mucous membranes, increased infections.
Keratomalacia is late-stage. Alopecia is toxicity-related.
2. A client with liver cirrhosis is taking Vitamin A supplements. which finding
requires immediate follow-up?
A. Dry lips and mouth
B. Bone pain and headache
C. Increased appetite
D. Blurry distance vision only at night - ANSWER B.
Rationale: Vitamin A is stored in the liver. Liver damage + supplementation
increases risk for hypervitaminosis A - headache, bone pain, hepatotoxicity.
This is dangerous and needs evaluation.
,3. A malnourished child presents with Bitot's spots on the eyes. The prescriber
prescribes a Vitamin A injection. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Administer on an empty stomach.
B. Assess vision using the Snellen chart first.
C. Assess for allergies and obtain baseline liver function tests.
D. Hold if the child has eaten a high-fat meal. - ANSWER C.
Rationale: Injectable Vitamin A is fat-soluble and stored in the liver. Baseline
liver function tests are needed. Allergy assessment is required before
administering fat-soluble vitamins.
4. A child presents with bowed legs, delayed growth, and enlarged joints at the
wrists and knees. Which lab result would support the nurse's suspicion of
Vitamin D deficiency?
A. Elevated phosphorus
B. Low serum calcium
C. Increased hemoglobin
D. Decreased sodium - ANSWER B.
Rationale: Vitamin D promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption. Without it
- Hypocalcemia - Poor bone mineralization - Rickets. Phosphorus may also be
low or normal.
5. Which client is at highest risk for developing Vitamin D deficiency?
A. 45-year-old landscaper who works outdoors daily.
B. 30-year-old vegan who drinks fortified soy milk.
C. 82-year-old homebound woman who rarely goes outside.
D. 10-year-old child who eats fortified breakfast cereal daily. - ANSWER
C. 82-year-old, limited sunlight exposure.
,Rationale: Older adults make less Vitamin D in their skin, and their kidneys
don't convert it to the active form as well. Being indoors makes it worse.
6. Which conditions can result from long-term Vitamin D deficiency? (Select all
that apply)
A. Osteomalacia
B. Rickets
C. Tetany or muscle spasms
D. Hemorrhage
E. Osteoporosis - ANSWER A, B, C, E.
Rationale:
A & B: Osteomalacia (adults) and Rickets (children) are classic results of
Vitamin D deficiency.
C: Lack of Vitamin D - Low Calcium - Potential tetany.
E: Chronic deficiency contributes to bone demineralization (osteoporosis).
D: Hemorrhage is linked to Vitamin K deficiency, not Vitamin D.
7. A client with chronic kidney disease shows signs of bone pain and weakness.
Why is this client at risk for Vitamin D deficiency?
A. Kidneys convert Vitamin D to its active form
B. Kidneys store Vitamin D long-term
C. Kidney disease increases Vitamin D absorption
D. Vitamin D is converted to glucose in the kidneys - ANSWER A.
Rationale: The kidneys convert inactive Vitamin D to calcitriol, the active form.
Renal failure = no activation - impaired calcium absorption - bone problems.
, 8. A patient has been taking large doses of Vitamin D supplements daily for
several months. Which finding requires immediate nursing intervention?
A. Constipation and abdominal pain
B. Increased thirst and urination
C. Headache and fatigue
D. Hypercalcemia on lab results - ANSWER D. Hypercalcemia
Rationale: Vitamin D toxicity causes high calcium absorption - hypercalcemia -
which can lead to arrhythmias, kidney stones, and calcification of soft tissues.
This is the most dangerous and requires urgent action.
9. The nurse is teaching a patient with osteoporosis about Vitamin D. Which
statement shows correct understanding?
A. "I should limit Vitamin D because it lowers calcium absorption."
B. "Vitamin D helps my body absorb calcium from food."
C. "Vitamin D is only important for children, not adults."
D. "I will need to stop taking calcium while on Vitamin D." - ANSWER
B.
Rationale: Vitamin D is required for intestinal absorption of calcium. Deficiency
increases fracture risk.
10.A premature newborn develops hemolytic anemia. Which vitamin deficiency
is most likely the cause? - ANSWER Vitamin E.
Rationale: Vitamin E protects red blood cell membranes from oxidative
damage. Premature infants have low Vitamin E stores - RBCs break easily -
hemolytic anemia.
11.Which patient is at highest risk for Vitamin E deficiency?
A. A vegan.
