PSY 120 ACTUAL 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔taste - ✔✔"sweet tooth", sugary taste, they like it cause they like calories
✔✔piaget's four stages - ✔✔sensorimotor (birth - 2 years) - revolve around babies
sense and motory abilities
preoperational(2 - 7) - can think about absent options, can use one object to stand for
another
concrete operational (7 - 11) - can verbalize, visualize, and mentally manipulate objects
formal operational (11 - adulthood) can abstract think, become wise
✔✔conservation - ✔✔children at pre operational stage fail to understand this, its
conservation of an object
✔✔assimilation - ✔✔process through which we fit into new experiences that are existing
in life
✔✔change blindness - ✔✔we see everything - something is clearly in front of you and
you don't see it
test - show to pictures and one has something different, find the difference
✔✔stages of sleep - ✔✔N1 sleep - return to waves that are a bit lower in amplitude and
slightly more irregular (theta waves)
N2 sleep - change in the waves, the theta waves are interrupted by sleep spindles
(short bursts of activity) and K-complexes (sudden, sharp, intermittent waveforms)
N3 sleep - final stage, slow-wave brain patterns (delta activity)
✔✔REM - ✔✔rapid eye movement and low amplitude irregular EEG patterns
resembling those found in the waking brain (ass. with dreaming)
✔✔sleep cycle - ✔✔cycle through at 4/5 times, N1>N3>N1>REM, takes 90 minutes,
✔✔nightmares - ✔✔frighting and anxiety-arousing dreams that occur primarily during
REM stage of sleep
✔✔night terrors - ✔✔occur mainly in children, terrifying experiences which occur mainly
in children, in which the sleeper awakens suddenly in an extreme state of panic
✔✔habituation - orienting response - ✔✔slow or stop responding to an event that has
become familiar through repeated presentation
✔✔sensitization - orienting response - ✔✔increased responsiveness, to an event that
has been repeated
, ✔✔stimulus generalization - ✔✔responding to a new stimulus in a way similar to the
response produced b an established CS
✔✔extinction - ✔✔presenting the CS repeatedly after conditioning, without the US
which results in a loss of responding
✔✔spontaneous recovery - ✔✔recovery of an extinguished response after not seeing
the CS for a while
✔✔taste aversion - ✔✔eat something, have a bad experience (sick), you don't wanna
eat it or at the place again
✔✔operant cond. - ✔✔instrumental conditioning, procedure for studying how organisms
learn about the consequences of their own voluntary actions
✔✔positive reinforcement - ✔✔an event that when presented after a response,
increases the likelihood of that response
✔✔negative reinforcement - ✔✔an event that, when removed after a response,
increases the likelihood of that response occurring again
✔✔positive punishment - ✔✔an event that when presented after a response, lowers the
likelihood of that response occurring again
✔✔negative punishment - ✔✔an event that, when removed after a response, lowers the
likelihood of that response occurring again
✔✔reinforcement - ✔✔response consequences that increase the likelihood of
responding in a similar way
✔✔punishment - ✔✔consequences that decrease the likelihood of responding in a
similar way again
✔✔schedule of reinforcement - ✔✔rule that is used to determine when particular
responses will be reinforced
✔✔fixed-ratio - ✔✔schedule in which the number of responses required for
reinforcement is fixed and does not change
✔✔fixed-interval - ✔✔schedule in which the reinforcement is delivered for the first
response that occurs following a fixed interval of time
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔taste - ✔✔"sweet tooth", sugary taste, they like it cause they like calories
✔✔piaget's four stages - ✔✔sensorimotor (birth - 2 years) - revolve around babies
sense and motory abilities
preoperational(2 - 7) - can think about absent options, can use one object to stand for
another
concrete operational (7 - 11) - can verbalize, visualize, and mentally manipulate objects
formal operational (11 - adulthood) can abstract think, become wise
✔✔conservation - ✔✔children at pre operational stage fail to understand this, its
conservation of an object
✔✔assimilation - ✔✔process through which we fit into new experiences that are existing
in life
✔✔change blindness - ✔✔we see everything - something is clearly in front of you and
you don't see it
test - show to pictures and one has something different, find the difference
✔✔stages of sleep - ✔✔N1 sleep - return to waves that are a bit lower in amplitude and
slightly more irregular (theta waves)
N2 sleep - change in the waves, the theta waves are interrupted by sleep spindles
(short bursts of activity) and K-complexes (sudden, sharp, intermittent waveforms)
N3 sleep - final stage, slow-wave brain patterns (delta activity)
✔✔REM - ✔✔rapid eye movement and low amplitude irregular EEG patterns
resembling those found in the waking brain (ass. with dreaming)
✔✔sleep cycle - ✔✔cycle through at 4/5 times, N1>N3>N1>REM, takes 90 minutes,
✔✔nightmares - ✔✔frighting and anxiety-arousing dreams that occur primarily during
REM stage of sleep
✔✔night terrors - ✔✔occur mainly in children, terrifying experiences which occur mainly
in children, in which the sleeper awakens suddenly in an extreme state of panic
✔✔habituation - orienting response - ✔✔slow or stop responding to an event that has
become familiar through repeated presentation
✔✔sensitization - orienting response - ✔✔increased responsiveness, to an event that
has been repeated
, ✔✔stimulus generalization - ✔✔responding to a new stimulus in a way similar to the
response produced b an established CS
✔✔extinction - ✔✔presenting the CS repeatedly after conditioning, without the US
which results in a loss of responding
✔✔spontaneous recovery - ✔✔recovery of an extinguished response after not seeing
the CS for a while
✔✔taste aversion - ✔✔eat something, have a bad experience (sick), you don't wanna
eat it or at the place again
✔✔operant cond. - ✔✔instrumental conditioning, procedure for studying how organisms
learn about the consequences of their own voluntary actions
✔✔positive reinforcement - ✔✔an event that when presented after a response,
increases the likelihood of that response
✔✔negative reinforcement - ✔✔an event that, when removed after a response,
increases the likelihood of that response occurring again
✔✔positive punishment - ✔✔an event that when presented after a response, lowers the
likelihood of that response occurring again
✔✔negative punishment - ✔✔an event that, when removed after a response, lowers the
likelihood of that response occurring again
✔✔reinforcement - ✔✔response consequences that increase the likelihood of
responding in a similar way
✔✔punishment - ✔✔consequences that decrease the likelihood of responding in a
similar way again
✔✔schedule of reinforcement - ✔✔rule that is used to determine when particular
responses will be reinforced
✔✔fixed-ratio - ✔✔schedule in which the number of responses required for
reinforcement is fixed and does not change
✔✔fixed-interval - ✔✔schedule in which the reinforcement is delivered for the first
response that occurs following a fixed interval of time
