NSG 300 Exam 4 from Grand Canyon University
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Health disparities are unequal burdens of disease
morbidity and mortality rates experienced by racial and
ethnic groups. What can exacerbate these disparities?
A bias
B stereotyping
C prejudice
D all the above - ANSWER-D all the above
Bias, stereotyping, and prejudice all affect health
disparities, which are preventable differences in the
burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to
achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially
disadvantaged populations. Examples of disparities
include mortality, life expectancy, mental health,
uninsurance/underinsurance, and lack of access to care.
Disparities occur across many dimensions, such as
socioeconomic status, age, geography, language, gender,
disability status, citizenship status, and sexual identity and
orientation.
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A 26-year-old patient visits a medical clinic and asks a
nurse to provide instruction on how to perform a breast
self-examination. "My mom had cancer so I want to learn
how." Which domains are required to learn this skill?
Select all that apply.
A Affective domain
B Sensory domain
C Cognitive domain
D Attentional domain
E Psychomotor domain - ANSWER-C Cognitive domain
E Psychomotor domain
For a patient to perform a breast self-examination, it will
be necessary to understand the purpose of the
examination and why it is performed the way it is.
Cognitive learning in this scenario involves a patient
acquiring information to further develop understanding and
thinking processes in order to make a decision based on a
self-examination finding. Psychomotor learning in this
case involves actual use of the hands to palpate in
symmetrical areas of the breast correctly. Affective domain
does not apply here unless the nurse decides the patient's
values prevent
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self-examination adherence. There are no attentional or
sensory
learning domains.
Which client would be considered to belong to a
marginalized group? Select all that apply.
A a college-educated White female
B a Black man with a high school degree
C an elderly male who has a disabled brother
D a female client who is a lesbian and is married to
another woman - ANSWER-B a Black man with a high
school degree
D a female client who is a lesbian and is married to
another woman
In addition to disparity among cultural groups, people who
are in marginalized groups are more likely to have poor
health outcomes and die earlier because of a complex
interaction among their individual behaviors, environment
of the communities in which they live, the policies and
practices of health care and governmental systems, and
the clinical care they receive (United Health Foundation,
2019). Examples of marginalized groups include people
who are LGBTQ+, people of color, people who are
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physically or mentally challenged, and people who are not
college educated. Marginalization places or keeps
someone in a powerless or an unimportant position within
a society or group. Limited access to health care is one
social determinant of health that contributes to health
disparities. Access to primary care is an important
indicator of broader access to health care services. A
patient who regularly visits a primary care provider is more
likely to receive adequate preventive care than a patient
who lacks such access. Nursing intersects with a variety of
people from different cultures; therefore, the awareness of
marginalization is critical.
A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes needs to learn
how to use a glucometer. Use of a glucometer constitutes
learning in which domain?
A affective
B cognitive
C motivational
D psychomotor - ANSWER-D psychomotor
Psychomotor learning involves acquiring motor skills that
require coordination and the integration of mental and
physical movements, such as using a glucometer.