USA AHN 572 Neuro Exam I Questions and Answers| New Update with 100% Correct Answers
cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem The brain is a soft spongy organ divided into what
three major sections?
cerebrum is divided into left and right hemispheres What is the largest part of the brain and
what two halves is it divided into?
frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital Each hemisphere is divided into what four lobes?
frontal which lobe is being described> attention, thought, reasoning, behavior, movement,
sexual urges, sense of smell
parietal which lobe is being described> intellect, reasoning, sensation of touch, some
language and reading function, some visual function, and response to internal stimuli
temporal which lobe is being described> behavior, memory, emotions, and visual and
hearing pathways
occipital which lobe is being described> primarily responsible for vision
cerebellum a part of the brain that sits under the cerebrum, it is primarily responsible for
balance and coordination, controls actions such as walking and talking
brainstem connects brain to spinal cord, controls most important and necessary functions
such as breathing temperature and vital signs, hunger and thirst
genetics, viruses and environmental exposures brain tumor causes are unknown but it is
possible that what factors may play a role?
,usually there are no classic signs and symptoms what are the classic signs and symptoms of
a brain tumor?
ICP Presentation of s/sx usually depends on compression/infiltration of specific tissue,
cerebral edema and increased ____
deficit of cerebral function, HA, and seizures; s/sx of increased ICP; s/sx related specific cerebral
functions what are the three categories of resulting s/sx?
headaches s/sx: early sign, seen in approx 1/3 of patients, usu worse in AM, intermittent,
not severe
seizures s/sx: 20-50% of adults will experience, may be first sign, seen mainly in
supratentorial tumors
vomiting s/sx: seen most often with posterior fossa tumors, may accompany headaches, can
be projectile and unrelated to food, common in morning, direct stimulation of vomiting center
in medulla
increased ICP change in LOC, pupillary changes, motor weakness, sensory deficits, cranial
nerve palsy, possible HA, possible seizures are all s/sx of what early finding?
continued deterioration in LOC, vomiting, HA, hemiplegia, posturing, vital sign changes,
irregular respirations, brain stem reflex impairment what are some of the later findings of
increased ICP?
frontal lobe which lobe are these s/sx related to? innappropriate behavior, inability to
concentrate, lack of restraint
,parietal lobe which lobe are these s/sx related to? hyperesthesia (excessive physicial
sensitivity), paresthesia (burning or prickling sensation), autopagnosia (inability to localize
different parts of body), agraphia (loss of ability to write)
temporal lobe which lobes are these s/sx related to? psychomotor seizures (visual, auditory
or olfactory hallucinations). if dominant lobe involved, receptive aphasia may occur with
encroachment on wernickes area
occipital lobe which lobe are these s/sx related to? assocaited with vision (contralateral
homonymous hemianopia) visual loss in half of each visual field on opposite side of lesion
pituitary/hypothalamus what tumor location may present with hormonal disturbances?
ventricles what tumor location may obstruct outflow of CSF resulting in s/sx of increased
ICP?
fourth ventricle which ventricle if present with a tumor may present with nuchal rigidity,
vomiting, sudden death due to compression of brainstem and cardiorespiratory center?
rare are midbrain tumors common or rare?
brainstem which tumor location presents with dysfunction of CNs, corticospinal and sensory
tract deficits, dysphagia, vomiting. Sudden death also possible.
cerebellum which tumor location presents with ataxia, incoordination, obstruction of CSF
outflow is possible and s/sx of increased ICP?
120 There are over ___ types of brain tumors
, primary a ____ brain tumor originates in the brain
secondary a _____ brain tumor originates in other areas of the body, most commonly the
lung, breast, GI or GU tract (metastatic)
primary tumors all of the following are what type of tumors? glioma, oligodendroglioma,
ependymoma, meningioma, lymphoma, schwannoma
astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme what are three different
types of gliomas?
CSF normal values clear appearance
protein 15-60 mg/100ml
glucose 50-80mg/100ml
cell count 0-5 WBC, no RBC
CSF Opening Pressure 70-180
Meningitis symptoms classic triad of headache, neck stiffness and fever
-photophobia, vomiting, altered mental status, cranial nerve palsies, seizure, exaggerated DTR
nuchal rigidity stiffness in cervical neck area
Brudzinski's sign pain with resistance and involuntary flex of hip/knee when neck is flexed to
chest when lying supine
cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem The brain is a soft spongy organ divided into what
three major sections?
cerebrum is divided into left and right hemispheres What is the largest part of the brain and
what two halves is it divided into?
frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital Each hemisphere is divided into what four lobes?
frontal which lobe is being described> attention, thought, reasoning, behavior, movement,
sexual urges, sense of smell
parietal which lobe is being described> intellect, reasoning, sensation of touch, some
language and reading function, some visual function, and response to internal stimuli
temporal which lobe is being described> behavior, memory, emotions, and visual and
hearing pathways
occipital which lobe is being described> primarily responsible for vision
cerebellum a part of the brain that sits under the cerebrum, it is primarily responsible for
balance and coordination, controls actions such as walking and talking
brainstem connects brain to spinal cord, controls most important and necessary functions
such as breathing temperature and vital signs, hunger and thirst
genetics, viruses and environmental exposures brain tumor causes are unknown but it is
possible that what factors may play a role?
,usually there are no classic signs and symptoms what are the classic signs and symptoms of
a brain tumor?
ICP Presentation of s/sx usually depends on compression/infiltration of specific tissue,
cerebral edema and increased ____
deficit of cerebral function, HA, and seizures; s/sx of increased ICP; s/sx related specific cerebral
functions what are the three categories of resulting s/sx?
headaches s/sx: early sign, seen in approx 1/3 of patients, usu worse in AM, intermittent,
not severe
seizures s/sx: 20-50% of adults will experience, may be first sign, seen mainly in
supratentorial tumors
vomiting s/sx: seen most often with posterior fossa tumors, may accompany headaches, can
be projectile and unrelated to food, common in morning, direct stimulation of vomiting center
in medulla
increased ICP change in LOC, pupillary changes, motor weakness, sensory deficits, cranial
nerve palsy, possible HA, possible seizures are all s/sx of what early finding?
continued deterioration in LOC, vomiting, HA, hemiplegia, posturing, vital sign changes,
irregular respirations, brain stem reflex impairment what are some of the later findings of
increased ICP?
frontal lobe which lobe are these s/sx related to? innappropriate behavior, inability to
concentrate, lack of restraint
,parietal lobe which lobe are these s/sx related to? hyperesthesia (excessive physicial
sensitivity), paresthesia (burning or prickling sensation), autopagnosia (inability to localize
different parts of body), agraphia (loss of ability to write)
temporal lobe which lobes are these s/sx related to? psychomotor seizures (visual, auditory
or olfactory hallucinations). if dominant lobe involved, receptive aphasia may occur with
encroachment on wernickes area
occipital lobe which lobe are these s/sx related to? assocaited with vision (contralateral
homonymous hemianopia) visual loss in half of each visual field on opposite side of lesion
pituitary/hypothalamus what tumor location may present with hormonal disturbances?
ventricles what tumor location may obstruct outflow of CSF resulting in s/sx of increased
ICP?
fourth ventricle which ventricle if present with a tumor may present with nuchal rigidity,
vomiting, sudden death due to compression of brainstem and cardiorespiratory center?
rare are midbrain tumors common or rare?
brainstem which tumor location presents with dysfunction of CNs, corticospinal and sensory
tract deficits, dysphagia, vomiting. Sudden death also possible.
cerebellum which tumor location presents with ataxia, incoordination, obstruction of CSF
outflow is possible and s/sx of increased ICP?
120 There are over ___ types of brain tumors
, primary a ____ brain tumor originates in the brain
secondary a _____ brain tumor originates in other areas of the body, most commonly the
lung, breast, GI or GU tract (metastatic)
primary tumors all of the following are what type of tumors? glioma, oligodendroglioma,
ependymoma, meningioma, lymphoma, schwannoma
astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme what are three different
types of gliomas?
CSF normal values clear appearance
protein 15-60 mg/100ml
glucose 50-80mg/100ml
cell count 0-5 WBC, no RBC
CSF Opening Pressure 70-180
Meningitis symptoms classic triad of headache, neck stiffness and fever
-photophobia, vomiting, altered mental status, cranial nerve palsies, seizure, exaggerated DTR
nuchal rigidity stiffness in cervical neck area
Brudzinski's sign pain with resistance and involuntary flex of hip/knee when neck is flexed to
chest when lying supine
