Dental Hygiene local anestHesia BoarD review eXaM newest witH
coMplete 105 Questions anD correct DetaileD answers (verifieD answers)
|alreaDy graDeD a+||BranD new version!!!
what is the primary action of local anesthetics? - correct answer-to block pain
perception/transmission by decreasing permeability of sodium ions.
where does the biotransformation of esters occur? - correct answer-in the pseudocholinesterase of
blood plasma and is then excreted by the kidneys.
where does the biotransformation of amides occur? - correct answer-in the liver and is then
excreted by the kidneys.
which local anesthetic type is less likely to admit an allergic reaction? - correct answer-amides
___________ are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions, and _____________ are resistant to
hydrolysis in aqueous solutions. - correct answer-esters; amides
what is the first sensation that is lost with local anesthetics? - correct answer-pain
what is the function of sodium chloride in local anesthetics? - correct answer-to maintain an isotonic
solution
what happens when there is infection in the area of an injection? - correct answer-because of its
low pH, local anesthetic is less effective.
describe the polarization of a nerve cell: - correct answer-at rest, inside of a cell is slightly (-)
charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference.
, describe the depolarization of a nerve cell: - correct answer-when there is an influx of Na+ ions and
it causes the cell to become depolarized with a (+) charge.
describe the repolarization of a nerve cell: - correct answer-begins immediately after depolarization
with potassium (+) ions leaving the cell in order to restore equilibrium.
myelinated nerves conduct impulses _________ with ________ energy. - correct answer-faster;
less
what do the nodes of ranvier on myelinated nerves allow for? - correct answer-the passage of local
anesthesia into the nerve cell.
what is the most commonly used local anesthesia without a vasoconstricter? - correct answer-
carbocaine 3%
what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter in a healthy patient? - correct answer-.2 mg
what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter for a cardiac compromised patient? - correct answer-.04
mg
what is the advantage of using a vasoconstricter in local anesthetic? - correct answer-they
significantly delay absorption and removal of the local anesthetic solution thus they provide a much longer
time for the completion of a procedure.
what is used as a preservative for epinephrine in local anesthetics? - correct answer-sodium
bisulfite
how much epinephrine does a carpule of 1/100,000 contain? with this information, what is the cardiac
patient limit based on how much epinephrine is in each carpule? - correct answer-.018 mg; two
carpules of 1/100,000 because 2 x .018 = .036 mg
coMplete 105 Questions anD correct DetaileD answers (verifieD answers)
|alreaDy graDeD a+||BranD new version!!!
what is the primary action of local anesthetics? - correct answer-to block pain
perception/transmission by decreasing permeability of sodium ions.
where does the biotransformation of esters occur? - correct answer-in the pseudocholinesterase of
blood plasma and is then excreted by the kidneys.
where does the biotransformation of amides occur? - correct answer-in the liver and is then
excreted by the kidneys.
which local anesthetic type is less likely to admit an allergic reaction? - correct answer-amides
___________ are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions, and _____________ are resistant to
hydrolysis in aqueous solutions. - correct answer-esters; amides
what is the first sensation that is lost with local anesthetics? - correct answer-pain
what is the function of sodium chloride in local anesthetics? - correct answer-to maintain an isotonic
solution
what happens when there is infection in the area of an injection? - correct answer-because of its
low pH, local anesthetic is less effective.
describe the polarization of a nerve cell: - correct answer-at rest, inside of a cell is slightly (-)
charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference.
, describe the depolarization of a nerve cell: - correct answer-when there is an influx of Na+ ions and
it causes the cell to become depolarized with a (+) charge.
describe the repolarization of a nerve cell: - correct answer-begins immediately after depolarization
with potassium (+) ions leaving the cell in order to restore equilibrium.
myelinated nerves conduct impulses _________ with ________ energy. - correct answer-faster;
less
what do the nodes of ranvier on myelinated nerves allow for? - correct answer-the passage of local
anesthesia into the nerve cell.
what is the most commonly used local anesthesia without a vasoconstricter? - correct answer-
carbocaine 3%
what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter in a healthy patient? - correct answer-.2 mg
what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter for a cardiac compromised patient? - correct answer-.04
mg
what is the advantage of using a vasoconstricter in local anesthetic? - correct answer-they
significantly delay absorption and removal of the local anesthetic solution thus they provide a much longer
time for the completion of a procedure.
what is used as a preservative for epinephrine in local anesthetics? - correct answer-sodium
bisulfite
how much epinephrine does a carpule of 1/100,000 contain? with this information, what is the cardiac
patient limit based on how much epinephrine is in each carpule? - correct answer-.018 mg; two
carpules of 1/100,000 because 2 x .018 = .036 mg
