TEST BANK FOR NBEO EXAM 2026 | ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS | VERIFIED ANSWERS | JUST RELEASED | GRADED A+ ASSURED
Berger's space is created by an interval between which two structures?
The posterior surface of the cornea and the anterior face of the iris
The anterior face of the lens and the posterior surface of the iris
The equator of the lens and the ciliary body
The posterior face of the lens and the anterior vitreous - (Correct Answer)-Berger's space is
created by the separation between the posterior face of the lens and the anterior face of the
vitreous.
The space between the equator of the lens and the ciliary body is known as the circumlental
space.
Patients with a history of homocystinuria are MOST likely to experience crystalline lens
subluxation in which of the following directions?
Down and outward
Up and outward
Down and inward
Up and inward - (Correct Answer)-Common ocular sequelae that have been associated with
a diagnosis of homocystinuria include ectopia lentis (bilateral crystalline lens subluxation),
retinal detachment, and secondary glaucoma. In most cases of ectopia lentis, the lens is
more likely to be displaced downward and inward in homocystinuria (as compared to
upward and outward in Marfan's syndrome). Additionally, in homocystinuria, the lens
zonules are markedly abnormal, the lens does not accommodate, and up to 1/3 of the cases
of lens subluxation eventually completely dislocate into the vitreous or anterior chamber.
Due to the severity of systemic and cardiovascular complications associated with
homocystinuria (thrombosis and occlusion), patients presenting with ectopia lentis should
, 2
be screened for this disease using the sodium nitroprusside test to measure homocysteine in
the urine.
Purkinje images are caused by reflections of objects on the cornea and lens. Which of the four
images moves forward with accommodation?
III
I
II
IV - (Correct Answer)-There are four Purkinje images. The first image is caused by
reflection from the anterior corneal surface and is the brightest of the images. The first
image is roughly the same size as the object. The second Purkinje image is formed by the
posterior surface of the cornea and almost coincides with the first Purkinje image. The
third Purkinje image is the largest and is caused by reflection off of the anterior plane of
the crystalline lens. The fourth Purkinje image is the smallest and is inverted, formed by
reflection off of the posterior surface of the lens.
During the process of accommodation the anterior surface of the lens moves forward. The
image that is reflected off of this surface is Purkinje III. Purkinje image III will be seen to
move forward during accommodation.
The ligaments that suspend the lens (zonules) are embryonically derived from what structure?
The lens capsule
The tertiary vitreous
The lens epithelium
, 3
The primary vitreous - (Correct Answer)-The zonules are attached to the posterior and
anterior surfaces of the lens and connect to the pars plana of the ciliary body. The primary
vitreous develops from weeks 3 through 9. The secondary vitreous then begins to form and
condenses the primary vitreous forming Cloquet's canal. Developmentally, the tertiary
vitreous is secreted last; the zonules are comprised of condensed tertiary vitreous.
A 42-year old patient reports that her right eye has been watery and she has mild pain, redness,
and swelling in the lower medial canthal region. You suspect dacryocystitis as the cause of her
symptoms. Which of the following procedures is NOT appropriate when further evaluating this
possible diagnosis?
Digital palpation of the medial canthal area
Dilation and irrigation of the lacrimal system
Extraocular muscle motility
Gram stain and blood agar cultures of discharge
Exophthalmometry - (Correct Answer)-The evaluation of a patient suspected of
dacryocystitis should involve a detailed case history including a discussion of any previous
episodes with similar symptoms, or the presence of any concomitant ear, nose, or throat
irritation/infection. External examination of the patient should include the application of
gentle pressure to the lacrimal sac region in order to attempt to express any discharge from
the punctum; this should be done bilaterally. If any discharge can be recovered, a Gram
stain or blood agar culture is helpful in determining the type of bacteria present. In
addition to these tests, extraocular motility and evaluation for the presence of proptosis
should be completed to rule out orbital cellulitis. In atypical, severe, or non-responding
cases, a computed tomography scan (CT) should be considered. It is important to
remember that probing, dilation, and/or irrigation of the lacrimal system should not be
attempted during an acute infection of the lacrimal gland. This may cause the infection to
spread to other areas such as the throat.
, 4
A common cause of epiphora in infants is caused by a small membrane that covers over which of
the following structures?
The lacrimal gland
The canaliculus
The valve of Hasner
The puncta - (Correct Answer)-It is common for mothers of young infants to note that one
eye (or both eyes) of her infant constantly tears in conjunction with the presence of
mucopurulent discharge. This epiphora results from a blockage of the nasolacrimal
passageway caused by a membrane covering the valve of Hasner. The majority of blockages
will self-resolve without intervention (80-90% of infants) within the first 12 months of life.
Treatment may include massage of the nasolacrimal sac several times a day in an effort to
rupture the membrane.
An 81-year old female reports that her eye has been watering more frequently over the past
month; you decide to administer the primary Jones dye test (Jones I). After 5 minutes, the
application of a cotton-tipped applicator to the inferior turbinate reveals the presence of dye in
the area. Taking this into consideration, what is the MOST likely cause of the patient's epiphora
complaint?
Dysfunction of the valve of Hasner
Partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Punctal stenosis
Hypersecretion of tears
Complete nasolacrimal duct obstruction - (Correct Answer)-The primary Jones dye test can
be utilized to determine the patency of the nasolacrimal system. 1-2 drops of fluorescein are
instilled into the inferior fornix of the eyes while the patient is in an upright position and
ANSWERS | VERIFIED ANSWERS | JUST RELEASED | GRADED A+ ASSURED
Berger's space is created by an interval between which two structures?
The posterior surface of the cornea and the anterior face of the iris
The anterior face of the lens and the posterior surface of the iris
The equator of the lens and the ciliary body
The posterior face of the lens and the anterior vitreous - (Correct Answer)-Berger's space is
created by the separation between the posterior face of the lens and the anterior face of the
vitreous.
The space between the equator of the lens and the ciliary body is known as the circumlental
space.
Patients with a history of homocystinuria are MOST likely to experience crystalline lens
subluxation in which of the following directions?
Down and outward
Up and outward
Down and inward
Up and inward - (Correct Answer)-Common ocular sequelae that have been associated with
a diagnosis of homocystinuria include ectopia lentis (bilateral crystalline lens subluxation),
retinal detachment, and secondary glaucoma. In most cases of ectopia lentis, the lens is
more likely to be displaced downward and inward in homocystinuria (as compared to
upward and outward in Marfan's syndrome). Additionally, in homocystinuria, the lens
zonules are markedly abnormal, the lens does not accommodate, and up to 1/3 of the cases
of lens subluxation eventually completely dislocate into the vitreous or anterior chamber.
Due to the severity of systemic and cardiovascular complications associated with
homocystinuria (thrombosis and occlusion), patients presenting with ectopia lentis should
, 2
be screened for this disease using the sodium nitroprusside test to measure homocysteine in
the urine.
Purkinje images are caused by reflections of objects on the cornea and lens. Which of the four
images moves forward with accommodation?
III
I
II
IV - (Correct Answer)-There are four Purkinje images. The first image is caused by
reflection from the anterior corneal surface and is the brightest of the images. The first
image is roughly the same size as the object. The second Purkinje image is formed by the
posterior surface of the cornea and almost coincides with the first Purkinje image. The
third Purkinje image is the largest and is caused by reflection off of the anterior plane of
the crystalline lens. The fourth Purkinje image is the smallest and is inverted, formed by
reflection off of the posterior surface of the lens.
During the process of accommodation the anterior surface of the lens moves forward. The
image that is reflected off of this surface is Purkinje III. Purkinje image III will be seen to
move forward during accommodation.
The ligaments that suspend the lens (zonules) are embryonically derived from what structure?
The lens capsule
The tertiary vitreous
The lens epithelium
, 3
The primary vitreous - (Correct Answer)-The zonules are attached to the posterior and
anterior surfaces of the lens and connect to the pars plana of the ciliary body. The primary
vitreous develops from weeks 3 through 9. The secondary vitreous then begins to form and
condenses the primary vitreous forming Cloquet's canal. Developmentally, the tertiary
vitreous is secreted last; the zonules are comprised of condensed tertiary vitreous.
A 42-year old patient reports that her right eye has been watery and she has mild pain, redness,
and swelling in the lower medial canthal region. You suspect dacryocystitis as the cause of her
symptoms. Which of the following procedures is NOT appropriate when further evaluating this
possible diagnosis?
Digital palpation of the medial canthal area
Dilation and irrigation of the lacrimal system
Extraocular muscle motility
Gram stain and blood agar cultures of discharge
Exophthalmometry - (Correct Answer)-The evaluation of a patient suspected of
dacryocystitis should involve a detailed case history including a discussion of any previous
episodes with similar symptoms, or the presence of any concomitant ear, nose, or throat
irritation/infection. External examination of the patient should include the application of
gentle pressure to the lacrimal sac region in order to attempt to express any discharge from
the punctum; this should be done bilaterally. If any discharge can be recovered, a Gram
stain or blood agar culture is helpful in determining the type of bacteria present. In
addition to these tests, extraocular motility and evaluation for the presence of proptosis
should be completed to rule out orbital cellulitis. In atypical, severe, or non-responding
cases, a computed tomography scan (CT) should be considered. It is important to
remember that probing, dilation, and/or irrigation of the lacrimal system should not be
attempted during an acute infection of the lacrimal gland. This may cause the infection to
spread to other areas such as the throat.
, 4
A common cause of epiphora in infants is caused by a small membrane that covers over which of
the following structures?
The lacrimal gland
The canaliculus
The valve of Hasner
The puncta - (Correct Answer)-It is common for mothers of young infants to note that one
eye (or both eyes) of her infant constantly tears in conjunction with the presence of
mucopurulent discharge. This epiphora results from a blockage of the nasolacrimal
passageway caused by a membrane covering the valve of Hasner. The majority of blockages
will self-resolve without intervention (80-90% of infants) within the first 12 months of life.
Treatment may include massage of the nasolacrimal sac several times a day in an effort to
rupture the membrane.
An 81-year old female reports that her eye has been watering more frequently over the past
month; you decide to administer the primary Jones dye test (Jones I). After 5 minutes, the
application of a cotton-tipped applicator to the inferior turbinate reveals the presence of dye in
the area. Taking this into consideration, what is the MOST likely cause of the patient's epiphora
complaint?
Dysfunction of the valve of Hasner
Partial nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Punctal stenosis
Hypersecretion of tears
Complete nasolacrimal duct obstruction - (Correct Answer)-The primary Jones dye test can
be utilized to determine the patency of the nasolacrimal system. 1-2 drops of fluorescein are
instilled into the inferior fornix of the eyes while the patient is in an upright position and
