Advanced Pharmacology Fundamentals
1. The process by which a drug moves from the site of administration into the bloodstream is
called:
A. Distribution
B. Absorption
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Answer: B
2. Which organ is the primary site of drug metabolism?
A. Kidneys
B. Liver
C. Lungs
D. Intestines
Answer: B
3. The term *first-pass effect* refers to:
A. Initial renal clearance of a drug
B. Drug metabolism in the liver before reaching systemic circulation
C. Distribution of drug to fatty tissues
D. The first dose response of a drug
Answer: B
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,4. A drug with high lipid solubility is expected to:
A. Cross cell membranes easily
B. Be poorly absorbed
C. Be rapidly excreted unchanged
D. Have low bioavailability
Answer: A
5. The time taken for plasma concentration of a drug to reduce by 50% is known as:
A. Clearance
B. Bioavailability
C. Half-life
D. Steady state
Answer: C
6. The maximum effect a drug can produce is called:
A. Potency
B. Efficacy
C. Affinity
D. Selectivity
Answer: B
7. A partial agonist:
A. Produces the same effect as a full agonist
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, B. Produces submaximal effect even at full receptor occupancy
C. Blocks the action of the agonist
D. Has no intrinsic activity
Answer: B
8. Competitive antagonists shift the dose-response curve:
A. Upward
B. Downward
C. To the right
D. To the left
Answer: C
9. The therapeutic index (TI) of a drug is calculated as:
A. LD50 / ED50
B. ED50 / LD50
C. ED95 / ED50
D. EC50 / ED50
Answer: A
10. A drug with a narrow therapeutic index means:
A. It is very safe
B. Small changes in dose may lead to toxicity
C. It has low efficacy
D. It is rapidly metabolized
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, Answer: B
11. Beta-1 adrenergic receptors are mainly located in:
A. Bronchi
B. Heart
C. Bladder
D. Liver
Answer: B
12. Which drug is a muscarinic antagonist?
A. Atropine
B. Pilocarpine
C. Neostigmine
D. Bethanechol
Answer: A
13. An adrenergic agonist used in anaphylaxis is:
A. Dopamine
B. Epinephrine
C. Isoproterenol
D. Norepinephrine
Answer: B
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1. The process by which a drug moves from the site of administration into the bloodstream is
called:
A. Distribution
B. Absorption
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Answer: B
2. Which organ is the primary site of drug metabolism?
A. Kidneys
B. Liver
C. Lungs
D. Intestines
Answer: B
3. The term *first-pass effect* refers to:
A. Initial renal clearance of a drug
B. Drug metabolism in the liver before reaching systemic circulation
C. Distribution of drug to fatty tissues
D. The first dose response of a drug
Answer: B
1|Page
,4. A drug with high lipid solubility is expected to:
A. Cross cell membranes easily
B. Be poorly absorbed
C. Be rapidly excreted unchanged
D. Have low bioavailability
Answer: A
5. The time taken for plasma concentration of a drug to reduce by 50% is known as:
A. Clearance
B. Bioavailability
C. Half-life
D. Steady state
Answer: C
6. The maximum effect a drug can produce is called:
A. Potency
B. Efficacy
C. Affinity
D. Selectivity
Answer: B
7. A partial agonist:
A. Produces the same effect as a full agonist
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, B. Produces submaximal effect even at full receptor occupancy
C. Blocks the action of the agonist
D. Has no intrinsic activity
Answer: B
8. Competitive antagonists shift the dose-response curve:
A. Upward
B. Downward
C. To the right
D. To the left
Answer: C
9. The therapeutic index (TI) of a drug is calculated as:
A. LD50 / ED50
B. ED50 / LD50
C. ED95 / ED50
D. EC50 / ED50
Answer: A
10. A drug with a narrow therapeutic index means:
A. It is very safe
B. Small changes in dose may lead to toxicity
C. It has low efficacy
D. It is rapidly metabolized
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, Answer: B
11. Beta-1 adrenergic receptors are mainly located in:
A. Bronchi
B. Heart
C. Bladder
D. Liver
Answer: B
12. Which drug is a muscarinic antagonist?
A. Atropine
B. Pilocarpine
C. Neostigmine
D. Bethanechol
Answer: A
13. An adrenergic agonist used in anaphylaxis is:
A. Dopamine
B. Epinephrine
C. Isoproterenol
D. Norepinephrine
Answer: B
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