APHY 164 Final Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
what |are |the |3 |essential |roles |of |the |nervous |system |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |sensing
2. |integrating
3. |responding
what |are |the |5 |types |of |glial |cells |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |oligodendrocytes |(myelin |sheath)
2. |ependymal |cells |(line |spinal |cord)
3. |microglia |(phagocytosis)
4. |astrocytes |(blood-brain |barrier, |nourish |neurons)
5. |schwann |cells |(myelin |sheath |around |nerves |in |PNS)
what |are |the |3 |classes |of |neurons |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |sensory |(afferent)
2. |motor |(efferent)
3. |interneurons |(only |CNS, |connect |motor |and |sensory)
- |multipolar |(1 |axon |multiple |dendrites, |bipolar |(2 |processes) |and |unipolar |(1 |process)
what |makes |up |the |structure |of |a |neuron |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Soma- |cell |body, |contains |
nucleus
Dendrites- |recieve |signals
Axon- |carries |signals |away
Myelin |Sheath- |encases |axon, |lipid
Nodes |of |Ranvier- |gaps |in |myelin |sheath
, Synaptic |Knob- |end |of |axon |branches |(contain |nuerotransmitter)
what |are |the |5 |stages |of |impulse |conduction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |resting |potential- |
inside |- |, |outside |+
2. |depolarization- |stimulus |makes |Na |enter |cells
3. |Action |Potential- |adjacent |areas |open, |more |Na |enters
4. |repolarization- |K |flows |out
5. |refractory |period- |membrane |polarized, |Na |and |K |are |switched, |NaK |pumps |restore |order
- |in |myelinated |fibers |AP's |occur |in |nodes |of |ranvier |(saltatory |conduction)
what |structures |make |up |the |spinal |cord |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Gray |Matter- |mostly
|motor/interneurons, |contains |posterior |(dorsal) |and |ventral |(anterior) |horns
- posterior |(sensory/into), |anterior |(motor/away)
| |
White |Matter- |bundles |of |axons, |myelinated
epidural |space |and |central |canal
Meninges- |Pia |Mater |(inner), |Arachnoid |(mid), |and |Dura |Mater |(tough/outer) |are |fibrous |
connective |tissue |protecting |spinal |cord
what |are |the |2 |spinal |nerve |tracts |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |Ascending- |sensory |signals |up |
spinal |cord |to |brain |(dorsal |column, |spinocerebellar |tract, |spinothalamic |tract)
2. |Descending- |motor |impulses |down |spinal |cord |to |muscles |(corticospinal |tracts, |pyramidal |
tracts)
Answers
what |are |the |3 |essential |roles |of |the |nervous |system |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |sensing
2. |integrating
3. |responding
what |are |the |5 |types |of |glial |cells |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |oligodendrocytes |(myelin |sheath)
2. |ependymal |cells |(line |spinal |cord)
3. |microglia |(phagocytosis)
4. |astrocytes |(blood-brain |barrier, |nourish |neurons)
5. |schwann |cells |(myelin |sheath |around |nerves |in |PNS)
what |are |the |3 |classes |of |neurons |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |sensory |(afferent)
2. |motor |(efferent)
3. |interneurons |(only |CNS, |connect |motor |and |sensory)
- |multipolar |(1 |axon |multiple |dendrites, |bipolar |(2 |processes) |and |unipolar |(1 |process)
what |makes |up |the |structure |of |a |neuron |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Soma- |cell |body, |contains |
nucleus
Dendrites- |recieve |signals
Axon- |carries |signals |away
Myelin |Sheath- |encases |axon, |lipid
Nodes |of |Ranvier- |gaps |in |myelin |sheath
, Synaptic |Knob- |end |of |axon |branches |(contain |nuerotransmitter)
what |are |the |5 |stages |of |impulse |conduction |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |resting |potential- |
inside |- |, |outside |+
2. |depolarization- |stimulus |makes |Na |enter |cells
3. |Action |Potential- |adjacent |areas |open, |more |Na |enters
4. |repolarization- |K |flows |out
5. |refractory |period- |membrane |polarized, |Na |and |K |are |switched, |NaK |pumps |restore |order
- |in |myelinated |fibers |AP's |occur |in |nodes |of |ranvier |(saltatory |conduction)
what |structures |make |up |the |spinal |cord |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Gray |Matter- |mostly
|motor/interneurons, |contains |posterior |(dorsal) |and |ventral |(anterior) |horns
- posterior |(sensory/into), |anterior |(motor/away)
| |
White |Matter- |bundles |of |axons, |myelinated
epidural |space |and |central |canal
Meninges- |Pia |Mater |(inner), |Arachnoid |(mid), |and |Dura |Mater |(tough/outer) |are |fibrous |
connective |tissue |protecting |spinal |cord
what |are |the |2 |spinal |nerve |tracts |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1. |Ascending- |sensory |signals |up |
spinal |cord |to |brain |(dorsal |column, |spinocerebellar |tract, |spinothalamic |tract)
2. |Descending- |motor |impulses |down |spinal |cord |to |muscles |(corticospinal |tracts, |pyramidal |
tracts)
