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STRAIGHTERLINE MICROBIOLOGY BIO250
FINAL PROCTORED EXAM REVIEW – DONE
APRIL 2025 (QUESTIONS 1 – 60)
The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called ______. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-phylogeny
The three cell types discussed, eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria, all derived from
______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Last Universal Common Ancestor
Organisms called parasites are ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-always harmful to their
host
Which of the following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and nutrient
flow? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Thermal hot springs warmed by heat from earth's interior
The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Electrons
The number one worldwide infectious diseases are ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
respiratory disease
A fat is called _____ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single-bonded to 2 other
carbons and 2 hydrogens. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-saturated
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One technique for staining bacteria for viewing under the microscope is called the
Gram stain. In this technique, alcohol is used as a decolorizer because it degrades the
outer membrane found in some bacteria. What chemical component of the cell does
alcohol affect? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-lipid
If a microbiologist is studying a specimen at a total magnification of 950X, what is the
magnifying power of the objective lens if the ocular lens is 10X? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
95X
NASA has published a list of criteria for identifying fossil bacteria in samples from
Mars, as part of a search for evidence of life. Which of the following is good evidence
for the presence of bacterial cells? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-cell size of 0.5 to 2 microns
Which type of microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest magnification?
- ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-electron
Which of the following is produced by adding 1% to 5% agar to nutrient broth that is
then boiled and cooled? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-a solid medium
a spongiform encephalopathy of humans - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
The term that refers to flagella at both poles of the cell is ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
amphitrichous
In the condition called athlete's foot, the fungus Trichophyton consumes the keratin
protein found in hair, nails, and dead skin. Which of the following descriptors does not
apply to Trichophyton? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-saprobe
During the Gram stain, the application of alcohol results in the decolorization of
______ cells. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-gram-negative
The size of a eukaryotic ribosome is ______ - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-80s
Sterilizing filters have a pore size of 0.22 μm. Which of the following statements is
true? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Bacterial cells are typically between 1-10 μm and are blocked
by the filter, whereas most viruses are between 20 and 200 nm and therefore pass
through.
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One of the principal viral capsid shapes is a 20-sided figure with 12 evenly spaced
corners referred to as a/an _____ capsid. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-icosahedral
Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-fecal
oral
the viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
lysogeny
Which of the following is not associated with every virus? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-envelope
When bacilli in a chain fold back upon each other like a hinge, this cellular
arrangement is termed a ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-palisade
proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-histones
Viral tissue specificities are called ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-tropisms
the term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from a single site is
______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-lophotrichous
E. coli bacteria normally live in the human gut and produce vitamin K that the body
uses. This is best termed a ______ relationship. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-mutualistic
Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in their gut to
synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood. The protozoan uses
the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose). This is a(n) ______
relationship. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-mutualistic
The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells are adjusting
to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing at an exponential rate, is the
______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-lag phase
The cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting in ______ conditions. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-hypotonic
STRAIGHTERLINE MICROBIOLOGY BIO250
FINAL PROCTORED EXAM REVIEW – DONE
APRIL 2025 (QUESTIONS 1 – 60)
The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called ______. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-phylogeny
The three cell types discussed, eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria, all derived from
______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Last Universal Common Ancestor
Organisms called parasites are ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-always harmful to their
host
Which of the following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and nutrient
flow? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Thermal hot springs warmed by heat from earth's interior
The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Electrons
The number one worldwide infectious diseases are ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
respiratory disease
A fat is called _____ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single-bonded to 2 other
carbons and 2 hydrogens. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-saturated
,2|Page
One technique for staining bacteria for viewing under the microscope is called the
Gram stain. In this technique, alcohol is used as a decolorizer because it degrades the
outer membrane found in some bacteria. What chemical component of the cell does
alcohol affect? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-lipid
If a microbiologist is studying a specimen at a total magnification of 950X, what is the
magnifying power of the objective lens if the ocular lens is 10X? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
95X
NASA has published a list of criteria for identifying fossil bacteria in samples from
Mars, as part of a search for evidence of life. Which of the following is good evidence
for the presence of bacterial cells? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-cell size of 0.5 to 2 microns
Which type of microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest magnification?
- ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-electron
Which of the following is produced by adding 1% to 5% agar to nutrient broth that is
then boiled and cooled? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-a solid medium
a spongiform encephalopathy of humans - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
The term that refers to flagella at both poles of the cell is ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
amphitrichous
In the condition called athlete's foot, the fungus Trichophyton consumes the keratin
protein found in hair, nails, and dead skin. Which of the following descriptors does not
apply to Trichophyton? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-saprobe
During the Gram stain, the application of alcohol results in the decolorization of
______ cells. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-gram-negative
The size of a eukaryotic ribosome is ______ - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-80s
Sterilizing filters have a pore size of 0.22 μm. Which of the following statements is
true? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Bacterial cells are typically between 1-10 μm and are blocked
by the filter, whereas most viruses are between 20 and 200 nm and therefore pass
through.
, 3|Page
One of the principal viral capsid shapes is a 20-sided figure with 12 evenly spaced
corners referred to as a/an _____ capsid. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-icosahedral
Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-fecal
oral
the viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
lysogeny
Which of the following is not associated with every virus? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-envelope
When bacilli in a chain fold back upon each other like a hinge, this cellular
arrangement is termed a ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-palisade
proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-histones
Viral tissue specificities are called ______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-tropisms
the term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from a single site is
______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-lophotrichous
E. coli bacteria normally live in the human gut and produce vitamin K that the body
uses. This is best termed a ______ relationship. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-mutualistic
Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in their gut to
synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood. The protozoan uses
the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose). This is a(n) ______
relationship. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-mutualistic
The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells are adjusting
to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing at an exponential rate, is the
______. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-lag phase
The cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting in ______ conditions. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-hypotonic
