BN
CHAPTER 6
PROTEIN CHEMISTRY
1) DEFINITION OF AMINO ACID
2) STRUCTURE OF AMINO ACIDS
3) CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS
4) FUNCTIONS OF AMINO ACIDS
5) PROPERTIES OF AMINO ACIDS
6) DEFINITION OF PROTEINS
7) CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEINS
8) PROPERTIES OF PROTEINS
9) BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT PEPTIDES
10) STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS
11) PROTEIN FOLDING
12) PROTEIN MISFOLDING
13) PRION DISEASE
14) KURU
15) ALZHIEMER’S DISEASE
,16) HUNTINGTON’S CHOREA
17) PARKINSONS DISEASE
18) DENATURATION OF PROTEINS
19) PLASMA PROTEINS
20) SPECIALIZED PROTEINS
21) TURBIDIMETRY
22) NEPHELOMETRY
23) PROTEIN SEQUENCING
24) PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION
25) PROTEIN TARGETING
, PROTEIN CHEMISTRY
AMINO ACIDS - DEFINITION
Amino acids are the monomers of proteins
STRUCTURE OF AMINO ACIDS
1. Although about 500 amino acid occur in nature, only 20 of them are seen
in the human body
2. Most of the amino acid (except proline) are alpha amino acids, which means
that the amino group is attached to the same carbon to which the
carboxyl group is attached
3. Proteins are made up of 20 standard amino acids in different sequences
and numbers
4. An indefinite number of proteins can be formed
5. Each amino acid has an amino group (NH2), a carboxylic acid group
(COOH) and a hydrogen atom attached to a carbon
6. There is also a side chain (R) which varies from one amino acid to the
other
H
R C COOH
NH2
, CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS
Amino acids can be classified in five different ways
1. Classification based on structure
2. Nutritional classification
3. Classification based on metabolic fate
4. Classification based on polarity
5. Amino acids not occurring in proteins
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON STRUCTURE
Amino acids can be classified into 3 groups depending on their reaction
in solution
1. Neutral
2. Acidic
3. Basic
CHAPTER 6
PROTEIN CHEMISTRY
1) DEFINITION OF AMINO ACID
2) STRUCTURE OF AMINO ACIDS
3) CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS
4) FUNCTIONS OF AMINO ACIDS
5) PROPERTIES OF AMINO ACIDS
6) DEFINITION OF PROTEINS
7) CLASSIFICATION OF PROTEINS
8) PROPERTIES OF PROTEINS
9) BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT PEPTIDES
10) STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS
11) PROTEIN FOLDING
12) PROTEIN MISFOLDING
13) PRION DISEASE
14) KURU
15) ALZHIEMER’S DISEASE
,16) HUNTINGTON’S CHOREA
17) PARKINSONS DISEASE
18) DENATURATION OF PROTEINS
19) PLASMA PROTEINS
20) SPECIALIZED PROTEINS
21) TURBIDIMETRY
22) NEPHELOMETRY
23) PROTEIN SEQUENCING
24) PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION
25) PROTEIN TARGETING
, PROTEIN CHEMISTRY
AMINO ACIDS - DEFINITION
Amino acids are the monomers of proteins
STRUCTURE OF AMINO ACIDS
1. Although about 500 amino acid occur in nature, only 20 of them are seen
in the human body
2. Most of the amino acid (except proline) are alpha amino acids, which means
that the amino group is attached to the same carbon to which the
carboxyl group is attached
3. Proteins are made up of 20 standard amino acids in different sequences
and numbers
4. An indefinite number of proteins can be formed
5. Each amino acid has an amino group (NH2), a carboxylic acid group
(COOH) and a hydrogen atom attached to a carbon
6. There is also a side chain (R) which varies from one amino acid to the
other
H
R C COOH
NH2
, CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS
Amino acids can be classified in five different ways
1. Classification based on structure
2. Nutritional classification
3. Classification based on metabolic fate
4. Classification based on polarity
5. Amino acids not occurring in proteins
CLASSIFICATION BASED ON STRUCTURE
Amino acids can be classified into 3 groups depending on their reaction
in solution
1. Neutral
2. Acidic
3. Basic
