Page 1 of 190
PEDIATRICS HESI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GUARANTEED PASS
Which finding in a 19-year-old female client should trigger
further assessment by the nurse?
Menstruation has not occurred.
Reports no tetanus immunization since childhood.
Denies having any wisdom teeth.
History of painful, inward growth on bottom of foot. -
answer-Menstruation has not occurred.
Menstruation is an expected secondary sex characteristic
that occurs with pubescence and typically occurs by age 18,
so (A) should prompt further investigation to determine the
cause of this primary amenorrhea. Children receive tetanus
as part of the DPT childhood immunization series, and a
booster is not typically given until age 16 (B). Wisdom teeth
are the third molar teeth of the permanent dentition and are
the last to erupt, so (C) is a normal finding. (D) describes a
plantar surface wart, harmless but painful because of the
pressure with walking or standing.
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A 6-month-old infant with congestive heart failure (CHF) is
receiving digoxin elixir. Which observation by the nurse
warrants immediate intervention?
Apical heart rate of 60.
Sweating across the forehead.
Doesn't suck well.
Respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute. - answer-Apical
heart rate of 60.
A heart rate of 60 (A) is much lower than normal for a 6-
month-old and warrants immediate intervention. The
normal heart rate for a 6-month-old is 80 to 150 BPM when
awake, and a rate of 70 while sleeping is considered within
normal limits. (B and C) are expected symptoms of heart
failure in an infant. (D) is within normal limits for an infant.
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old with cystic
fibrosis about respiratory treatments. Which statement
indicates to the nurse that the parents understand?
Perform postural drainage before starting aerosol therapy.
Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage
before meals.
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Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any
respiratory infection. - answer-Administer aerosol therapy
followed by postural drainage before meals.
Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most
effective when performed after nebulization and before
meals (C) or at least 1 hour after eating to prevent nausea
and vomiting. Postural drainage uses gravity to promote
mucous removal after nebulization (A) treatments which
open the airways. Pulmonary toileting or respiratory
treatments should be given 3 to 4 times daily, not
episodically (B and D).
A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL
(Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris. What is the most
important instruction for the nurse to include in this client's
teaching plan?
Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Cleanse the skin at least 4 times a day.
Take the medication with a glass of milk.
Menstrual periods may become irregular. - answer-Use
sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL
(Achromycin V) therapy. Severe sunburn can occur with
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minimal sun exposure and clients should be instructed to
avoid sunlight and to use sunscreen (A). (B and D) are not
related to tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) therapy. (C)
should be avoided because dairy products interfere with the
absorption of tetracyclines.
What preoperative nursing intervention should be included
in the plan of care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?
Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
Place in a supine position after feeding.
Observe for projectile vomiting. - answer-Observe for
projectile vomiting.
Projectile vomiting (D), which contributes to metabolic
alkalosis (A), is the classic sign of pyloric stenosis. (B) is not
indicated. (C) is dangerous, due to the potential for
aspiration with frequent vomiting.
An infant is born with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and
surgery is planned to correct the defect. The nurse
recognizes that surgical correction is designed to achieve
which outcome?
PEDIATRICS HESI QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GUARANTEED PASS
Which finding in a 19-year-old female client should trigger
further assessment by the nurse?
Menstruation has not occurred.
Reports no tetanus immunization since childhood.
Denies having any wisdom teeth.
History of painful, inward growth on bottom of foot. -
answer-Menstruation has not occurred.
Menstruation is an expected secondary sex characteristic
that occurs with pubescence and typically occurs by age 18,
so (A) should prompt further investigation to determine the
cause of this primary amenorrhea. Children receive tetanus
as part of the DPT childhood immunization series, and a
booster is not typically given until age 16 (B). Wisdom teeth
are the third molar teeth of the permanent dentition and are
the last to erupt, so (C) is a normal finding. (D) describes a
plantar surface wart, harmless but painful because of the
pressure with walking or standing.
, Page 2 of 190
A 6-month-old infant with congestive heart failure (CHF) is
receiving digoxin elixir. Which observation by the nurse
warrants immediate intervention?
Apical heart rate of 60.
Sweating across the forehead.
Doesn't suck well.
Respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute. - answer-Apical
heart rate of 60.
A heart rate of 60 (A) is much lower than normal for a 6-
month-old and warrants immediate intervention. The
normal heart rate for a 6-month-old is 80 to 150 BPM when
awake, and a rate of 70 while sleeping is considered within
normal limits. (B and C) are expected symptoms of heart
failure in an infant. (D) is within normal limits for an infant.
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old with cystic
fibrosis about respiratory treatments. Which statement
indicates to the nurse that the parents understand?
Perform postural drainage before starting aerosol therapy.
Give respiratory treatments when the child is coughing a lot.
Administer aerosol therapy followed by postural drainage
before meals.
, Page 3 of 190
Ensure respiratory therapy is done daily during any
respiratory infection. - answer-Administer aerosol therapy
followed by postural drainage before meals.
Postural drainage for a child with cystic fibrosis is most
effective when performed after nebulization and before
meals (C) or at least 1 hour after eating to prevent nausea
and vomiting. Postural drainage uses gravity to promote
mucous removal after nebulization (A) treatments which
open the airways. Pulmonary toileting or respiratory
treatments should be given 3 to 4 times daily, not
episodically (B and D).
A female teenager is taking oral tetracycline HCL
(Achromycin V) for acne vulgaris. What is the most
important instruction for the nurse to include in this client's
teaching plan?
Use sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Cleanse the skin at least 4 times a day.
Take the medication with a glass of milk.
Menstrual periods may become irregular. - answer-Use
sunscreen when lying by the pool.
Photosensitivity is a common side effect of tetracycline HCL
(Achromycin V) therapy. Severe sunburn can occur with
, Page 4 of 190
minimal sun exposure and clients should be instructed to
avoid sunlight and to use sunscreen (A). (B and D) are not
related to tetracycline HCL (Achromycin V) therapy. (C)
should be avoided because dairy products interfere with the
absorption of tetracyclines.
What preoperative nursing intervention should be included
in the plan of care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?
Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
Place in a supine position after feeding.
Observe for projectile vomiting. - answer-Observe for
projectile vomiting.
Projectile vomiting (D), which contributes to metabolic
alkalosis (A), is the classic sign of pyloric stenosis. (B) is not
indicated. (C) is dangerous, due to the potential for
aspiration with frequent vomiting.
An infant is born with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and
surgery is planned to correct the defect. The nurse
recognizes that surgical correction is designed to achieve
which outcome?
