Medical Microbiology Final Exam
Questions and Answers | Latest
Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
Which group of microorganisms lacks a true nucleus?
✔✔A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Protozoa
D. Helminths
What structure gives bacteria their shape?
A. Ribosome
✔✔B. Cell wall
C. Capsule
D. Flagellum
Which bacterium is Gram-positive?
✔✔A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Escherichia coli
C. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D. Salmonella typhi
What stain differentiates bacteria into Gram-positive and Gram-negative?
1
,✔✔A. Gram stain
B. Acid-fast stain
C. Capsule stain
D. Endospore stain
Which structure helps bacteria attach to host cells?
A. Ribosome
✔✔B. Fimbriae
C. Nucleoid
D. Mesosome
Which bacteria appear purple after Gram staining?
✔✔A. Gram-positive
B. Gram-negative
C. Acid-fast
D. Anaerobic
What component is unique to Gram-negative bacteria?
A. Thick peptidoglycan
✔✔B. Lipopolysaccharide
C. Teichoic acid
D. Capsule only
2
,Which bacterium is acid-fast?
✔✔A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B. Streptococcus pyogenes
C. Vibrio cholerae
D. Clostridium tetani
What disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
A. Pneumonia
✔✔B. Tuberculosis
C. Typhoid
D. Leprosy
Which structure allows bacteria to survive harsh conditions?
A. Capsule
B. Flagella
✔✔C. Endospore
D. Pili
Which genus commonly forms endospores?
A. Staphylococcus
✔✔B. Clostridium
C. Neisseria
D. Chlamydia
3
, Which oxygen requirement describes bacteria that grow without oxygen?
✔✔A. Obligate anaerobe
B. Obligate aerobe
C. Facultative anaerobe
D. Microaerophile
Which bacteria can grow with or without oxygen?
A. Obligate anaerobes
✔✔B. Facultative anaerobes
C. Obligate aerobes
D. Microaerophiles
Which structure enables bacterial movement?
✔✔A. Flagellum
B. Capsule
C. Ribosome
D. Cell wall
What is the main function of the bacterial capsule?
A. Protein synthesis
✔✔B. Protection from phagocytosis
C. Energy production
4
Questions and Answers | Latest
Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
Which group of microorganisms lacks a true nucleus?
✔✔A. Bacteria
B. Fungi
C. Protozoa
D. Helminths
What structure gives bacteria their shape?
A. Ribosome
✔✔B. Cell wall
C. Capsule
D. Flagellum
Which bacterium is Gram-positive?
✔✔A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Escherichia coli
C. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D. Salmonella typhi
What stain differentiates bacteria into Gram-positive and Gram-negative?
1
,✔✔A. Gram stain
B. Acid-fast stain
C. Capsule stain
D. Endospore stain
Which structure helps bacteria attach to host cells?
A. Ribosome
✔✔B. Fimbriae
C. Nucleoid
D. Mesosome
Which bacteria appear purple after Gram staining?
✔✔A. Gram-positive
B. Gram-negative
C. Acid-fast
D. Anaerobic
What component is unique to Gram-negative bacteria?
A. Thick peptidoglycan
✔✔B. Lipopolysaccharide
C. Teichoic acid
D. Capsule only
2
,Which bacterium is acid-fast?
✔✔A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B. Streptococcus pyogenes
C. Vibrio cholerae
D. Clostridium tetani
What disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
A. Pneumonia
✔✔B. Tuberculosis
C. Typhoid
D. Leprosy
Which structure allows bacteria to survive harsh conditions?
A. Capsule
B. Flagella
✔✔C. Endospore
D. Pili
Which genus commonly forms endospores?
A. Staphylococcus
✔✔B. Clostridium
C. Neisseria
D. Chlamydia
3
, Which oxygen requirement describes bacteria that grow without oxygen?
✔✔A. Obligate anaerobe
B. Obligate aerobe
C. Facultative anaerobe
D. Microaerophile
Which bacteria can grow with or without oxygen?
A. Obligate anaerobes
✔✔B. Facultative anaerobes
C. Obligate aerobes
D. Microaerophiles
Which structure enables bacterial movement?
✔✔A. Flagellum
B. Capsule
C. Ribosome
D. Cell wall
What is the main function of the bacterial capsule?
A. Protein synthesis
✔✔B. Protection from phagocytosis
C. Energy production
4
