B IO 205 m idter m Ar izona College
of Nu r sing Question s and answ er s
w ith accu r ate r ationales(PASSED)
Microbiology - answer Study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi,
and parasites.
Pathogen - answer A microorganism that causes disease.
Biofilm - answer A slimy layer of bacteria that stick to surfaces and form colonies.
Endospore - answer A resistant, dormant form of bacteria that can survive
extreme conditions.
Binary Fisson - answer The process by which bacteria reproduce by splitting into
two identical cells.
Peptidoglycan - answer A polymer that makes up the cell wall of bacteria, giving it
structure and strength.
Lipopolysaccharide - answer A molecule found in the outer membrane of gram-
negative bacteria; can trigger immune responses.
Capsid - answer The protein shell that surrounds the genetic material of a virus
, Mycology - answer The study of fungi.
Endotoxin - answer Toxins found inside bacteria, released when the bacteria die;
often associated with gram-negative bacteria.
Exotoxin - answer Toxins released by living bacteria into the surrounding
environment; can cause disease.
Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) - answer An infection that is acquired during a
stay in a healthcare facility.
Latent/ Latency - answer A state where a virus or microorganism is present in the
body but not actively causing disease.
Spontaneous Generation - answer The outdated belief that life can arise from
non-living matter.
Aerobic - answer Microorganisms that require oxygen to grow.
Anaerobic - answer Microorganisms that grow in the absence of oxygen.
Generation Time - answer The time it takes for a bacterial population to double in
number.
of Nu r sing Question s and answ er s
w ith accu r ate r ationales(PASSED)
Microbiology - answer Study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi,
and parasites.
Pathogen - answer A microorganism that causes disease.
Biofilm - answer A slimy layer of bacteria that stick to surfaces and form colonies.
Endospore - answer A resistant, dormant form of bacteria that can survive
extreme conditions.
Binary Fisson - answer The process by which bacteria reproduce by splitting into
two identical cells.
Peptidoglycan - answer A polymer that makes up the cell wall of bacteria, giving it
structure and strength.
Lipopolysaccharide - answer A molecule found in the outer membrane of gram-
negative bacteria; can trigger immune responses.
Capsid - answer The protein shell that surrounds the genetic material of a virus
, Mycology - answer The study of fungi.
Endotoxin - answer Toxins found inside bacteria, released when the bacteria die;
often associated with gram-negative bacteria.
Exotoxin - answer Toxins released by living bacteria into the surrounding
environment; can cause disease.
Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) - answer An infection that is acquired during a
stay in a healthcare facility.
Latent/ Latency - answer A state where a virus or microorganism is present in the
body but not actively causing disease.
Spontaneous Generation - answer The outdated belief that life can arise from
non-living matter.
Aerobic - answer Microorganisms that require oxygen to grow.
Anaerobic - answer Microorganisms that grow in the absence of oxygen.
Generation Time - answer The time it takes for a bacterial population to double in
number.
