SYG 2000 LATEST 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔What is kin/non-kin ratio? - ✔✔the composition of an individual's social network and
is used to analyze the relative importance, availability, and type of support derived from
family members versus unrelated friends, neighbors, or colleagues
✔✔Define overlap - ✔✔extent to which persons in network are members of others'
networks
✔✔Define substitutionability - ✔✔extent to which members in a network provide similar
types of resources or exchanges to a person
✔✔What patterns are expected of families in the future? - ✔✔Serial families
Cohabitation
Expanding image of "family"
LGBTQ+ families
Expanding family stress
Show increase in father involvement
Economic issues
New reproductive technologies
✔✔Define Caste - ✔✔granting or withholding of respect, status, honor, attention,
privileges, resources, and human kindness to someone on the basis of their perceived
rank or standing in the hierarchy; more than rank, state of mind
✔✔Caste is associated with what element of the body? - ✔✔Bones
✔✔What is class associated with? - ✔✔accents, enunciation, education, dress, diction
✔✔What are the attributes of caste? - ✔✔foundation of social hierarchy, largely
invisible, based on attributes without merit, manifests through rationalized power,
defines worth, allocates resources
✔✔What are the pillars of caste? - ✔✔divine will/natural law, heritability, endogamy &
control of mating, purity vs pollution, occupational hierarchy, dehumanization and
stigma, terror enforcement, inherent superiority vs inferiority
✔✔Define heritability - ✔✔one's rigid social rank, occupation, and destiny are assigned
at birth and passed down generations, creating fixed, ascribed status
✔✔Define endogamy - ✔✔the practice of marrying within one's own social group
, ✔✔Describe purity vs pollution - ✔✔higher castes are associated with ritual purity and
lower castes with impurity, defining social status, division of labor, and strict segregation
rules
✔✔Describe discredited vs discreditable - ✔✔Discredited = stigma is already known or
immediately visible/perceivable
discreditable = stigma is not immediately obvious and can be concealed
✔✔Define terror enforcement - ✔✔control by cruelty
✔✔Describe caste vs class - ✔✔Caste - fixed, inherited, religious/legal forces, mobility
limited, endogamy
Class - more fluid, not inherited, economic forces, mobility more common, levels of
openness for intermarriage
✔✔Define destructive we-ness - ✔✔groups or individuals engage in behaviors that
harm the collective or self
✔✔In what ways does caste embody destructive we-ness? - ✔✔othering (us vs. them),
differentiation and categorization, race as a signifier for social position
✔✔Describe the stereotype content model - ✔✔explains group stereotypes through
dimensions of warmth and competence derived from groups social status and perceived
competition
✔✔What are the elements of pity? - ✔✔low status, not competitive
✔✔What are the elements of disgust? - ✔✔low status, competitive
✔✔What are the elements of admiration? - ✔✔high status, high competition
✔✔What has happened to income inequality over time? - ✔✔it increased
✔✔What are the dimensions of class? - ✔✔income, wealth, social power (ability to have
control even in resistance), occupational prestige, education
✔✔Why does social class matter? - ✔✔- Health (quality of life)
- cultural values (access to cultural capital/knowledge/experience)
- politics (degree of involvement and perspectives)
- family and gender views (types of parental involvement and socialization)
✔✔What are the key concepts and themes of caste? - ✔✔1. Situational elevation
ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔What is kin/non-kin ratio? - ✔✔the composition of an individual's social network and
is used to analyze the relative importance, availability, and type of support derived from
family members versus unrelated friends, neighbors, or colleagues
✔✔Define overlap - ✔✔extent to which persons in network are members of others'
networks
✔✔Define substitutionability - ✔✔extent to which members in a network provide similar
types of resources or exchanges to a person
✔✔What patterns are expected of families in the future? - ✔✔Serial families
Cohabitation
Expanding image of "family"
LGBTQ+ families
Expanding family stress
Show increase in father involvement
Economic issues
New reproductive technologies
✔✔Define Caste - ✔✔granting or withholding of respect, status, honor, attention,
privileges, resources, and human kindness to someone on the basis of their perceived
rank or standing in the hierarchy; more than rank, state of mind
✔✔Caste is associated with what element of the body? - ✔✔Bones
✔✔What is class associated with? - ✔✔accents, enunciation, education, dress, diction
✔✔What are the attributes of caste? - ✔✔foundation of social hierarchy, largely
invisible, based on attributes without merit, manifests through rationalized power,
defines worth, allocates resources
✔✔What are the pillars of caste? - ✔✔divine will/natural law, heritability, endogamy &
control of mating, purity vs pollution, occupational hierarchy, dehumanization and
stigma, terror enforcement, inherent superiority vs inferiority
✔✔Define heritability - ✔✔one's rigid social rank, occupation, and destiny are assigned
at birth and passed down generations, creating fixed, ascribed status
✔✔Define endogamy - ✔✔the practice of marrying within one's own social group
, ✔✔Describe purity vs pollution - ✔✔higher castes are associated with ritual purity and
lower castes with impurity, defining social status, division of labor, and strict segregation
rules
✔✔Describe discredited vs discreditable - ✔✔Discredited = stigma is already known or
immediately visible/perceivable
discreditable = stigma is not immediately obvious and can be concealed
✔✔Define terror enforcement - ✔✔control by cruelty
✔✔Describe caste vs class - ✔✔Caste - fixed, inherited, religious/legal forces, mobility
limited, endogamy
Class - more fluid, not inherited, economic forces, mobility more common, levels of
openness for intermarriage
✔✔Define destructive we-ness - ✔✔groups or individuals engage in behaviors that
harm the collective or self
✔✔In what ways does caste embody destructive we-ness? - ✔✔othering (us vs. them),
differentiation and categorization, race as a signifier for social position
✔✔Describe the stereotype content model - ✔✔explains group stereotypes through
dimensions of warmth and competence derived from groups social status and perceived
competition
✔✔What are the elements of pity? - ✔✔low status, not competitive
✔✔What are the elements of disgust? - ✔✔low status, competitive
✔✔What are the elements of admiration? - ✔✔high status, high competition
✔✔What has happened to income inequality over time? - ✔✔it increased
✔✔What are the dimensions of class? - ✔✔income, wealth, social power (ability to have
control even in resistance), occupational prestige, education
✔✔Why does social class matter? - ✔✔- Health (quality of life)
- cultural values (access to cultural capital/knowledge/experience)
- politics (degree of involvement and perspectives)
- family and gender views (types of parental involvement and socialization)
✔✔What are the key concepts and themes of caste? - ✔✔1. Situational elevation
