2026 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Querying. Answer: user knows what he or she wants and can
describe it
◉ Navigation. Answer: user knows what he or she wants and use
cannot describe it or locate it
◉ Exploration. Answer: user doesn't know what he or she wants.
Wants to acquire new knowledge and reveal new facts
◉ 5 Types of Exploration Tools. Answer: 1. Analysis (identify
common patterns or outliers)
2. Comparison (quantify similarities/differences)
3. Aggregation (create groups and clusters)
4. Transformation (use a more convenient representation)
5. Visualization
◉ 3Vs. Answer: Volume, velocity, variety
,◉ HMLE. Answer: High dimensional (lots of different things we want
to explore)
Multi modal (different ways needed to visualize it)
Inter-linked (data is linked, sometimes null, sometimes implicit)
Evolving (underlying patterns change)
◉ INS. Answer: Imprecision
Noise
Sparsity
◉ Cognition. Answer: The mental action of efficiently and effectively
being able to process information into thoughts, knowledge, and
insights
◉ Visualization. Answer: Graphically representing data to assist the
processing of information into knowledge, insights, and thoughts.
Uses exploratory data analysis to find trends and patterns in
datasets.
, ◉ Main components of a sequence. Answer: starting point, ending
point, length
◉ Data Deluge. Answer: A vast increase in the amount of data
generated by individuals and businesses.
◉ Dynamic visualization. Answer: displays a single interactive
visualization of data
◉ Features. Answer: vector representations of objects in a dataset
◉ Schema. Answer: structure and properties of a data collection
◉ Schemas enable retrieval of data for what?. Answer: Comparison,
indexing, query optimization, and query processing
◉ qualitative color scheme. Answer: best for nominal data
◉ What are Bertin's 7 visual variables?. Answer: 1. Position
2. Size
3. Shape
4. Rotation
5. Color