2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ Anscombe's Quartet. Answer: four datasets that have the same
simple descriptive statistics (mean, median, correlation, varian,
linear regression line), yet appear very different when graphed.
◉ How do we Visualize? (Module 1). Answer: - Module 1:
Foundations
> Introduction & Motivation
> Visual Design & Critique
> Visual Perception, Cognition, & Color
> Intro to Data Projects for Exploratory DA
◉ How do we Visualize? (Module 2). Answer: - Module 2: Working
on Graphical Forms
> Composition and Comparison among items
> Distributions, Correlations, Uncertainty, Sig
> Proportions, Relationships, and Causality
> Composition and Comparison over time
,◉ How do we Visualize? (Module 3). Answer: - Module 3:
Connection with Cases and Scenarios
> Mapping Data and Social Networks
> Visualizing Text and High Dim Data
> Narrative, Persuasion, Pitfalls, and Ethics
> Innovation, Research, People, Apps
◉ Visualization Excellence. Answer: - Consists of complex ideas
communicated with clarity, precision, and efficiency
- Is nearly always multivariate
◉ Tufte's Principles. Answer: 1) Have graphical integrity
2) Mind the lie factor
> Numbers should be directly proportional to the numerical
quantities represented
3) Maximize data-ink ratio
> Closer to 1.0, the better the graph is
4) Avoid chart junk
5) A visual project is good if it communicates a lot with a lit (BIG
MINIMALIST)
> AKA graphical excellence
**Minimalism and efficiency
, ◉ Cairo's Principles. Answer: 1) Truthful
> Present things concisely, simply, clearly, and elegantly
2) Functional
> Choose graphic forms to help people encode information correctly
3) Beautiful
> Attractive and pleasing things work better
> Balanced mix of sensual and intellectual pleasure
4) Insightful
> Good visualizations clear the path to making valuable discoveries
that would be inaccessible if the information were presented in a
different way
5) Enlightening
> Change people's minds for the better
> Choose topics ethically and wisely
◉ Visual Critique by Berinato. Answer: - Make a note of the first
things you see
- Make note of the first idea that forms in your mind and then search
for more
- Make notes on likes, dislikes, and wish-I-saws
- Find three things you'd change and briefly say why
- Sketch and/or prototype your own version