NUSCTX 10S Midterm 1
1. Healthy Diet provides right amount of energy to keep weight in desirable range;
proper types and balance of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats; plenty
of water; and sufficient but not excessive amounts of essential vita-
mins and minerals.
2. Metabolism - set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of
living organisms.
- enzyme-catalyzed reactions allowing organisms to grow and repro-
duce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments.
3. Anabolism uses energy to construct components of cells; stores energy
- Reactions Require Energy (ATP)
4. Catabolism breaks down organic matter, (for ex to harvest energy). Release
Energy (ATP)
5. Key Cellular Organelles Rough ER, Smooth ER, Nucleus, Mitochondrion
6. Cellular Respiration biochemical pathway: cells release energy from the chemical bonds
of food molecules and provide that energy for the essential process-
es of life.
7. Mark the statement(s) A and B
that are true:
A) Lipids can be synthe-
sized in the endoplasmic
reticulum
B) The process of despera-
tion to produce energy oc-
curs in the mitochondria
C) Protein are made in the
, NUSCTX 10S Midterm 1
nucleus
D) All of the above
8. Entropy and Disorder work generally required to produce order out of disorder,
- energy must be used to produce a highly ordered state
9. Enzyme biological catalysts that lower activation energy for a reaction, speed-
ing up rate of chemical reactions
10. Mitochondria participate in chemical processes that transfer energy from chemical
bonds of nutrient molecules to newly created adenosine triphos-
phate (ATP) molecules
1) ATP, 2) Oxygen utilization, 3) Carbon dioxide formation
11. Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule,
atom, or ion.
12. Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule,
atom, or ion.
13. Enzyme
, NUSCTX 10S Midterm 1
biological catalysts that work by lowering the activation energy for a
reaction, thus dramatically increasing the rate of the reaction.
14. Which statement is false? C
A) Going from an orga-
nized state to a disorga-
nized state releases ener-
gy
B) Your body can't build
new materials without
taking other materials
apart
C) Enzymes can cause bi-
ological reaction that oth-
erwise could never occur
D) All of the above are true
15. Levels of organization of chemical, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
the human body
16. Types of Tissues epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
17. Corrolation statistical measure that indicates the extent to which two or more
variables fluctuate together. A positive correlation indicates the ex-
tent to which those variables increase or decrease in parallel
18. Potential energy
1. Healthy Diet provides right amount of energy to keep weight in desirable range;
proper types and balance of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats; plenty
of water; and sufficient but not excessive amounts of essential vita-
mins and minerals.
2. Metabolism - set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of
living organisms.
- enzyme-catalyzed reactions allowing organisms to grow and repro-
duce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments.
3. Anabolism uses energy to construct components of cells; stores energy
- Reactions Require Energy (ATP)
4. Catabolism breaks down organic matter, (for ex to harvest energy). Release
Energy (ATP)
5. Key Cellular Organelles Rough ER, Smooth ER, Nucleus, Mitochondrion
6. Cellular Respiration biochemical pathway: cells release energy from the chemical bonds
of food molecules and provide that energy for the essential process-
es of life.
7. Mark the statement(s) A and B
that are true:
A) Lipids can be synthe-
sized in the endoplasmic
reticulum
B) The process of despera-
tion to produce energy oc-
curs in the mitochondria
C) Protein are made in the
, NUSCTX 10S Midterm 1
nucleus
D) All of the above
8. Entropy and Disorder work generally required to produce order out of disorder,
- energy must be used to produce a highly ordered state
9. Enzyme biological catalysts that lower activation energy for a reaction, speed-
ing up rate of chemical reactions
10. Mitochondria participate in chemical processes that transfer energy from chemical
bonds of nutrient molecules to newly created adenosine triphos-
phate (ATP) molecules
1) ATP, 2) Oxygen utilization, 3) Carbon dioxide formation
11. Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule,
atom, or ion.
12. Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule,
atom, or ion.
13. Enzyme
, NUSCTX 10S Midterm 1
biological catalysts that work by lowering the activation energy for a
reaction, thus dramatically increasing the rate of the reaction.
14. Which statement is false? C
A) Going from an orga-
nized state to a disorga-
nized state releases ener-
gy
B) Your body can't build
new materials without
taking other materials
apart
C) Enzymes can cause bi-
ological reaction that oth-
erwise could never occur
D) All of the above are true
15. Levels of organization of chemical, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
the human body
16. Types of Tissues epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
17. Corrolation statistical measure that indicates the extent to which two or more
variables fluctuate together. A positive correlation indicates the ex-
tent to which those variables increase or decrease in parallel
18. Potential energy
